2014中考复习课件(专题十一：主谓一致).ppt

1、2014中考复习课件,专题十一：主谓一致,专题11 主谓一致,考点直击,点睛 英语中，主语与谓语的一致遵循三个原则：语法一致 原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。 1语法一致原则 语法一致原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致。 1单数名词或代词、不定式、动名词(短语)、从句作主语 时，谓语动词用单数。如： Smoking is bad for our health.吸烟有害健康。 2不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如： Someone is knocking at the door.有人在敲门。,专题11 主谓一致,3介词或介词短语作插入语时。主语后接with, along with

2、, together with, as well as, including, besides, like, except, but等短语作插入语时，谓语动词的数由主语的 单复数形式决定。如： Mike with his two dogs is walking in the park. 迈克和他的两条狗正在公园里散步。 4常以复数形式出现的名词作主语时。一些只有复数形式 的名词(如 trousers, shoes, clothes, gloves, glasses等) 作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。若这些名词被a pair of 修饰时，谓语动词需用单数。如： A pair of glasse

3、s is on the table.桌子上有一副眼镜。,专题11 主谓一致,5“a number of名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： A number of people have applied for the job. 许多人申请了这份工作。 6“the形容词”表示一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数。如： The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 老年人比年轻人更容易感冒。 7“many a (more than one)单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词

4、用单数。如： More than one student is fond of playing computer games. 不止一个学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。 Many a child is flying kites.许多孩子在放风筝。,专题11 主谓一致,8“a lot of/lots of/plenty of名词”，“分数或百分数名词”等 作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。如： Three fifths of the forest was destroyed. 五分之三的森林被毁坏了。 9在定语从句中，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓 语动词的数应与先行词的数保持

5、一致。如： This is the boy who wants to see you. 这就是想要见你的男孩。 10在倒装句中，谓语动词应与其后的主语的数保持一致。 如： Here are some flowers and some money for you. 这儿有一些为你准备的花和钱。,专题11 主谓一致,2意义一致原则 意义一致即谓语动词的单复数要看主语所表示的概念。 1形式上虽为单数，但意义为复数的名词，如the police, people(人们), cattle等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： Watch out! The police are coming. 当心！警察来了。

6、2the Chinese, the British等表示一个国家或民族的人的总称 的词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： The English do not drink much wine. 英国人不怎么喝酒。,专题11 主谓一致,3形式上为复数，而意义上却是单数的名词，如news, physics, politics, economics及以s结尾的书名、国名等 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： This news is very important to us. 这条消息对我们很重要。 The United States is a developed country. 美国是一个发达国家。 4

7、and连接的两个指同一概念的名词作主语时，谓语动词 用单数。如： The doctor and writer is very famous. 这位医生兼作家非常出名。,专题11 主谓一致,5one and a half后接名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单 数。如： One and a half hours is enough for us to finish the work. 一个半小时对于我们来说完成这项工作足够了。 6表度量、价格、时间、长度的复数名词(短语)作主语时通 常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如： Three years has passed since I came here

8、. 自从我来这儿，三年已经过去了。,专题11 主谓一致,7集体名词(如 family, team, group, class等)看作整体时， 谓语动词用单数；强调其中每一个成员时，谓语动词用复 数。如： My family is a big one with eight people. 我家是一个有着八口人的大家庭。 3就近原则 就近原则即谓语动词的数取决于主语中最靠近它的名词的单复数。 1连词notbut， eitheror， neithernor， not onlybut also等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与靠 近它的主语一致。如： Either you or I am wrong.

9、不是你错了就是我错了。,专题11 主谓一致,2there be句型。当there be后有两个或几个并列的主语 时，be动词的数和与其靠得最近的那个主语一致。 如： There is a table and six chairs in the dining hall. 餐厅里有一张桌子和六把椅子。 There are six chairs and a table in the dining hall. 餐厅里有六把椅子和一张桌子。,专题11 主谓一致,考点过关 ,基础过关,用所给词的适当形式填空 1There _ (be) a table and two chairs in the room.

10、 2Neither you nor he _ (be) right. 3Not only he but also I _ (invite) 4Twenty years _ (pass) since he left his hometown. 5The old _ (be) very happy in this area.,is,is,am/was invited,has passed,are,专题11 主谓一致,6The number of the students in my sisters class _ (be) 50. 7Mary with her mother _ (shop) no

11、w. 8This is the girl who _ (want) to play with you. 9Doing morning exercises _ (make) us healthy. 10The pair of shoes _ (be) very expensive.,is,is shopping,wants,makes,is,专题11 主谓一致,中考透视,()1. 2013安顺 Doing exercise_ good for your health. A. be B. am C. is D. are ()2. 2013呼和浩特 People who _ to the party

12、 are very excited. A. have invited B. has been invited C. will invite D. have been invited,C,解析 动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。所以选C。,D,专题11 主谓一致,()3. 2013安顺 In our school library there _ a number of books on science, and in these years the number of them _ growing larger and larger. A. are; is B. is; are C. have

13、; are D. has; is,A,解析 a number of作主语时，谓语动词用复数；the number of作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。所以选A。,专题11 主谓一致,()4. 2012广东 Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TV program A Bite of China. I am also deeply moved by its stories! Ais Bam Cwas Dare ()5. 2012 烟台 Between the two hills _ a deep river. Aare Bhave Chas Dis,D

14、,D,专题11 主谓一致,()1. 2012 黄石 _that pair of _ a little cheaper? AIs; glass BAre; glass CIs; glasses DAre; glasses ()2. Both Kate and I _ ready for the picnic now. Agets Bis getting Care getting Dam getting,C,语法专练 ,解析 that pair of glasses意为“那副眼镜”，它作主语时谓语动词用单数。,C,专题11 主谓一致,()3. The Germans _ fly to Beijin

15、g next week. Ais going to Bwas going to Cwere going to Dare going to ()4. Neither of them _ a worker. Ahas Bare CisD. were,D,C,解析 the Germans 指“德国人”，是复数，它作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。,解析 neither of作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。,专题11 主谓一致,()5. Half of the teachers in our school _ over 40 years old. Ais Bare Chas D. have ()6. Picki

16、ng apples _ much more interesting than having lessons. Ahas Bhave Cis D. are,B,C,解析 half of 后跟的是可数名词复数，所以谓语动词用复数形式。,解析动名词作主语，故谓语动词用单数形式。,专题11 主谓一致,()7. This pair of glasses_. Abelonged to my fathers Bbelong to my father Cbelong to fathers D. belongs to my father ()8. My family _ a happy one. Now the

17、 whole family _ having a party. Ais; are Bis; is Care; are Dare; is,D,A,解析主语pair是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。,解析集体名词family作整体讲时，谓语动词用单数；强调其中每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。,专题11 主谓一致,()9. Robert with his two kids _ to the beach for vacation every year. Ago Bgoes Cwent Dare going ()10. Neither my father nor my mother _ rock music.

18、They think that its too _ A. like; noise B. likes; noise Clike; noisy Dlikes; noisy,B,D,专题11 主谓一致,()11. 2013威海 Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began. Aare Bis Cwere Dwas ()12. The news _ important to us. Ais Bam Care Dwere ()13. The disabled _in need of help. Aam Bis Care Dwere

19、,D,A,解析 “the形容词”表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。,C,专题11 主谓一致,()14. 2013贺州 There _ a basketball game in our school this evening. Ais going to have Bwill have Cwill is Dwill be ()15. 2012自贡 How soon can you finish this job? Two days _ enough for me to finish the work. I need a week. Aisnt Barent Cis Dare,D,解析时间段作主语时，谓语动词用单数。根据“I need a week.”可知应该用否定形式。,A,专题11 主谓一致,()16. 2013广东 Not only my friends but also I _ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. Abe Bam Cis D. are ()17. 2013鞍山 Neither he nor I_ from Canada. We are from Australia.