2012届高考英语学海导航复习-七大实用解题技巧.ppt

1、,专,题,完形填空,第18课时 七大实用解题技巧(一),二,技巧一：首句信息,完形填空通常首句不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。英语中首句通常是文章的主题句，把握了主旨句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。,例： (2011广东卷) It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The _1_ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back

2、in their intellectual (智力的) growth by _2_ situation that has designed for the _3_ children. 1. A. principle B. theory C. argument D. classification 2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living 3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average,例： (2011北京卷) I used to hate being called upon in class mai

3、nly because I didnt like attention drawn to myself. And _36_ otherwise assigned(指定)a seat by the teacher, I always _37_ to sit at the back of the classroom. 36. A. as B. until C. unless D. though 37. A. hoped B. agreed C. meant D. chose,技巧二：暗示信息,完形填空主要考查学生对语境的理解。所以学生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与

4、前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有暗示。这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。 一般来说，完形填空的4个选项形式完全相同，如都是动词原形、副词、名词复数形式等。所以要注意他们之间在意义上和搭配上的细微差异，形义兼顾。同时，一定要把这些选项放到特定的语境里进行区分、判别，从而选出正确答案。,例： (2011广东卷) I observed a number of _6_ children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a _7_ class. 6. A. intelligent B. competen

5、t C. ordinary D. independent 7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring,例： (2011湖北卷) In her second grade, Maja _31_ her cousin, Jasmina. After Jasminas death, Maja swore 31. A. lost B. visited C. rescued D. left,技巧三：逻辑关系,语篇一般指比句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语被称为“语篇标志”。如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有：fir

6、stly, secondly, thirdly, finally等；表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有thus, therefore, so等；表示改变话题的语篇标志语有by the way等；表示递进关系的语篇标志语有besides, whats more, further等；表示时间关系的语篇标志语有before, so far, yet, meanwhile, later等；表示转折关系的有but, while, on the other hand, although等。在做完形填空时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文的关系。,例： (2011湖北卷) But

7、because it didnt fit well, walking for Maja was very painful. _40_， she managed to graduate from a local high school. 40. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Besides D. However,例： (2011陕西卷) He was still travelling quickly, but his wagons, _43_ the gold and valuables they had been carrying,_were now full of

8、 farming tools and bags of _45_. He was rushing back to help them out of poverty. 43. A. except for B. instead of C. apart from D. along with 45. A. food B. jewels C. money D. seeds,技巧四：原词复现,完形填空试题中，某一词语常常重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义是使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。在阅读文章过程中，有时也会发现一些与选项意义紧密相连的同义词或近义词。因此要学会充分

9、利用这些词提供的有效信息合理地推测判断，选出正确答案。,例： (2011江苏卷) _39_ as high as he could, but even at his tallest _40_ he was unable to touch it. 39. A. expanding B. stretching C. swinging D. pulling 40. A. strength B. length C. range D. height,专,题,完形填空,第19课时 七大实用解题技巧(二),二,技巧五：背景常识,完形填空命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，但其中有时

10、渗透着相关的如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读。,例： (2011山东卷) When they discovered that Black Wednesday were going to perform at our local theatre, they all bought _38_ for the performance. 38. A. flowers B. drinks C. clothes D. ticket

11、s,技巧六：注意习惯用语，熟记常见句型,主要是答题时通过分析词语习惯用法、固定短语等搭配关系和句子结构，进行有效地判断推理，从而选出正确选项。因此，同学们平时要有意识地记忆一些常用的词语习惯用法、固定短语搭配，学会分析句子结构。这类题目要求我们不仅能够记忆这些词和词组，还要学会灵活使用，准确判断。常见句型的掌握也很重要。有些句型在经过反复使用刺激后，会形成一定的思维定式，这对确定题目答案很有帮助。,例： (2011陕西卷) The second rich man, seeing the worrying situation, stopped for a short time and gave

12、the_villagers all his food and drink, since he could see that money would be of little _34_ to them. 34. A. interest B. concern C. use D. attraction,技巧七：巧用排除方法，缩小选择范围,解答完形填空题需要考生进行认真的阅读、理解、推理和判断，需要对4个选项进行仔细的辨别、分析，从而去伪存真。有时我们会遇到这样的情况，对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白， 但发现其他选项有显而易见的谬误。这时，我们可以尝试着用排除法。所谓排除法就是将干扰项逐项检查、验证，发现错误的选项立即剔除。随着选择范围的缩小，选中正确选项的几率逐渐增大。排除法如果运用得好，可以大大节省时间和精力。,例： (20