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1、高考英语写作2009暑假特训,让主动成为一种习惯。,2009年7月,课程总体规划,课程的两大特点: 1.着眼于语篇的剖析。 2.换位思考的视角。,2008年山东省高考试卷各部分成绩抽样统计(省10万份),分析表格的结论:,高考英语书面表达部分,保障基本盘是较容易的,然而分数上升的空间有待我们去努力开拓。,九年来的作文命题思路整理(纵向),2001 书信 中学生减负 2002 书信 公园是否收门票 2003 看图 租房子 2004 书信 外国人才艺大赛 2005 书信 英文自荐信 2006 看图+议论 社会公德 2007 议论 免费师范生 2008 书信+议论 新同学融入新集体 2009 书信
2、与外国朋友的通信,2009年全国高考英语写作命题形势,大學入學考試中心九十七學年度指定科目考試試題英文考科,二、英文作文(20分) 說明:1. 依提示在答案卷上寫一篇英文作文。2. 文長至少120個單詞。 提示:廣告在我們生活中隨處可見。請寫一篇大約120-150字的短文,介紹一則令你印象深刻的電視或平面廣告。第一段描述該廣告的內容(如:主題、故事情節、音樂、畫面等),第二段說明該廣告令你印象深刻的原因。,三角关系,山东省招生考试院,山东师大信息楼,出题,阅卷,2009年3月 最新考纲要求,1.清楚连贯地传递信息,表达思想。 2. 有效的运用所学的语言知识。,第五档 26分,第四档 19分,第
3、三档 14分,高考阅卷特点: 1. 阅卷时间短; 2.阅卷的速度快; 3.阅卷老师的心理状态:给分中庸 4. 高考卷其余部分是标准化计分;,平均分: 峰值:,约15分,1719分,最吃亏学生群:,中等左右学生,书面表达是提高平均分最大的潜力股,全方位、多层次,词汇 短语 句型 谋篇 漂亮、地道,“番茄科禾本作物之红色果实,辅之碳水化合物之白色晶体予以调配,就其色泽与味觉而言,其公众认可度颇为值得称道。” “大家都认为白糖拌西红柿既好看又好吃”。,卖东西的广告一定要让人看懂。 以“推介”(promotion)功能为核心交际目的的盈利性语篇模式,务必要建构在顺应语码接受者的社会心理认知模式的基础之
4、上。,词汇层面,Adj. 聪明的、脑筋好的 clever smart wise bright intelligent,词汇层面,Adj.令人惊奇的 surprising amazing astonishing,词汇层面,1.越晚学到的词汇,越有水平。 2.越往后想到的词汇,用的人就越少,自然就越有水平。 人靠衣装,文靠词装 词汇的选择灵活新颖,出奇制胜。,各种大纲对词汇的要求,高中英语教学大纲 3300 山东省普通高等学校招生考试考试大纲 3500 高等学校英语专业预备级词汇要求 3800,短语层面,电脑在我们生活中的作用是十分重要的。 1.Computers are very importa
5、nt in our life. 2.Computers play a very important role in our life. puters are of great importance in our life. 4.后面还有很多技术层面高,精彩的表达。,句型层面,他昨天下午来的。 1.He came here yesterday afternoon. 2.He didnt come here until yesterday afternoon. 3.Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here. 4.It was yesterday
6、afternoon that he came here.,评分原则P 2,1. 本题总分为 30 分,按 5 个档次给分。 2. 评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡确定或调整档次,最后给分。 3. 词数少于120 和多于 150的,从总分中减去2 分。 4. 评分时,应注意的主要内容为:内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性及上下 文的连贯性。,评分原则,5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。 英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 6.如书写较差,以至影响交际,将分数降低一个档次。 各档次给分范围和要求 0612
7、182430,第五档(榜样的力量是无穷的!),完全完成了试题规定的任务 ,覆盖所有的内容要点 。 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇 。 语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽量使用复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言应用能力 。 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑 。 完全达到了预期的写作目的 。,换位思考评卷人的视角,评卷人的弱点 评卷人的兴奋点,失分原因:,1.语言表达有错误 。 1)大错误 2)小错误 2.要点有所遗漏。 3.使用掌握不准确的结构或不易掌握的结构。 4.离题句太多. 5.词汇量。 6.书写。,Bad sample,卷面不整洁; 涂改较多;语言错误多;层次不清;得11
8、分,字数不够或未能传达读者任何信息,不得分。,对比鲜明,高考英语写作基本要求P8,1.字数达到要求。 2.卷面整洁,字迹清楚。 3.语法正确。 4.标点正确。 5.专有名词拼写正确。 6.文章内容是否切题 。 7.格式正确。,词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少,也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。,运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少,从而使整篇文章因此而生辉 。,使用恰当连接词,对写一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要,能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。,增强书面表达效果的技巧,Five steps for writing (写作五步骤),passage,书面表达六步法,简单句,五种基本形式 简单句的功效。 The
9、beauty of Jinan is Surprising. 化腐朽为神奇 Without respect ,love can not go far. 四两拨千斤,审题要点、难点的预见 (以1997年试题为例)P61,1997 年 英语写作(满分 30分) 下列图画描述的是你的一段亲身经历,请据此为一家中学生英文报的故事专栏写一篇短文。 注意: (1)短文必须包括图画所表现的主要内容,可以适当增减细节,使其连贯、完整; (2)叙述必须用第一人称; (3)词数:100 左右。 生词: 违章者 offender n. 十字路口 crossroads,要点的识别,哪些是要点?,1.看懂图画是关键。
10、2.图画中出现的人物都是要点。 3.能推动事物向前发展的细节,都是要点。 4.图中的字句都是内容要点。 5.图中故事发生的背景是内容要点。 6.避免不合理的想象。,The other day my brother and l went to the cinema by bicycle. My brother was riding with me sitting on the seat behind. As we came to the crossroads a young man and a girl came up and stopped us. “Weve found you at lon
11、g last, ”they said. But we didnt know them. Pointing to a policeman not far away, the young man explained, “He stopped us about half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender. So come on, stand here. Hope you dont have to wait as long as we did. Good luck.,信息的重新整合(以1990年试题为例),1990 年 英语写作(共 1 题
12、,计分 15%) 我国某山区张各庄为对外开放单位。请用英语为来访外宾写篇简单介绍。内容要点如下: (1)背景:张各庄(Zhang Ge Zhuang)远离其他村庄。过去,儿童上学困难。1988 年成立本村小 学(primary school)。 (2)现状:教师 3 人,均为本村人,中学毕业后回村执教。学生 48 人;班级 5 个;科目 6 门 语文、数学、自然(science)、音乐、美术、体育。 (3)学费:免费。 注意: (1)要有标题; (2)介绍包括所给要点,但不要逐条译成英语; (3)字数:80120。,信息的重新整合(以1990年试题为例),Zhang Ge Zhuang Pri
13、mary School Until 1988 Zhang Ge Zhuang had no school of its own. lt was pretty hard on the children of the Village who had to go to school in other villages which were all far away. Now Zhang Ge Zhuang Primary School has three teachers, teaching48 pupils. The teachers had finished middle school educ
14、ation before they returned to teach here. The pupils are divided into five different classes, in which six subjects are taught. These are Chinese, Maths, Science, Music, Drawing and Physical Education. Education is free for all children in the village.,分析范文的态度,1.如果我写这个题目,我会写成什么样子呢? 2.他这样写,有什么好处呢? 3.
15、我怎么写才能把他的优点借鉴到我的文章中来呢?,以体裁为指导,稳扎稳打,步步为赢!,日记 书信( 信函、电子邮件) 通知(书面通知、口头通知) 便条 说明文(事物,人物,地点) 记叙文 议论文(观点、建议),一、日记,1.通常用记叙文或 简单的议论文体裁。字数不宜过多。 2.格式:一般是在左上角记上当天的日期(年、月、日),星期;右上角写上当天的天气情况。 下面一行可以写上日记小标题,也可以不写标题。 3.时态:所用的时态多为过去时态,但应灵活掌握. 4.顺序:日记一般按事情发生的先后顺序记述,所以有时需要借助一些表示先后顺序的词语。,范文赏析,第一篇:感受时态的整合与灵活运用,学习文章的连贯性
16、。 第二篇:1998年真题,感受时间的推进,兼顾要点的扩充。,Aprill 9th, Sunday Fine It is Sunday today. I didnt get up early as usual. In the morning after I finished my homework, I did some washing. Then I called Wu Gang and invited him to see the filmLion King. But unfortunately when we got to the cinema at two oclock in the
17、afternoon, we found all the tickets had been sold out. Then we went back to school to play table tennis. After this when we were about to go home, we saw our english teacher Ms. Liu at the school gate. She told us that we had made great progress in Eng lish this term. She suggested that we should do
18、 more reading and listening. We promised the that we would take her advice.,P 62,1998 年 英语写作(满分 30分) 5 月 3 日,你参观了一个农场。请根据下列图画用英语写篇日记。 注意: (1)日记须包括所有图画的内容,可以适当增减细节,使日记连贯: (2)词数 100 左右。,1998年真题,第一步:认真审题,提炼要点,一审格式:日记体裁。,二审结构:日记常常使用第一人称, 谓语常常用一般过去时。,三审要点:用英语思维,理出写作 要点。,第二步:紧扣主题,扩展成句,第三步:补充修改,连句成篇,1998年真
19、题,第一步:认真审题,提炼要点 一审格式:日记体裁。 二审结构:日记常常使用第一人称,谓语常常用一般过去时。 三审要点:用英语思维,理出写作要点。 第二步:紧扣主题,扩展成句 第三步:补充修改,连句成篇,May 3rd, Sunday Fine Today we visited a farm. Early in the morning we met at the school gate and went there together. The farm workers gave us a warm welcome. Then the head of the farm showed us aro
20、und. How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well. At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes or stories. Two of us even played a game of chess. The time passed quickly. Before we knew it, we had to say good
21、bye to the workers.,2.书信(信函+电子邮件),信函格式 1)信头 2)日期 3)收信人姓名及地址 4)称呼 5)信函正文 a.开头语 b.结尾语 6)结束语 7)署名,(1)信头(Heading),信头是指发信人的单位名称或地址。 一般情况下发信人只需把自己的地址写(打字, 手写均可) 在信的右上角,离开信纸的顶头约 1 英寸,占二三行或四行均可,格式如下: 齐头式 缩进式 注意:写地址的次序与中文不同,应先写门牌号码街道,然后城市和国名。写地址时间采用 齐头或缩进式,以及每行后要不要加标点符号,都没有固定的规定,如写给经常往来的亲友, 这项地址也可以省略。,(2)日期(
22、Date),写日期注意下列各点: 年份应写全。例如不能用“99”来代替“1999”; 月份应写英文名称,除 May, June, July外,可用缩写,如:Sep, Oct. 但不要用数字来代替, 如 7/4/99 或 7,4,99,因为在英国此日期代表 7th April, 1999, 而美国则代表 4th July, 1999. 日期可用 1,2,3,411,1221,2231 等,也可用 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th11th, 21st22nd, 31 st 等。 日期的几种写法: a:July 7, 1998 b. 1st October, 1998 c. 30 Nov, 19
23、97 d. Sep. 3rd, 1999 特别注意英文书信日期应紧跟着写信人地址下一行,不能像写中文书信那样写在书信签名之 后,这是很多学生的常见错误。,(3)收信人姓名及地址(inside Name and Address),写信人的地址和日期写好以后,接着就要写信人的姓名和地址,一般的事务信件或给较生疏 的朋友的信件要写,而在给较熟的朋友中信则可省去。这一项写在日期下一行的左上角。收 信人姓名写一行,收信人地址可分两行或三行写,和写信人的地址一样,上下可取齐,也可 向右缩进。在姓名前一般要加上称号,称号因人而异。 对普通男子用 Mr.; 对未婚女子用 Miss; 对已婚女子 Mrs.,对婚
24、烟状况不明确的通常用 Ms.(后跟本人姓); 对教授或博士(医生)用 Prof. 或 Dr.,(4)称呼(Salutation),称呼指的是信文头的那种称呼,如Dear, Mr., uncle, 各种称呼因人而异。在称呼后面一般是用 逗号,但也有用冒号的。现归纳如下: 对父母、兄弟、姐妹等; a. Dear Father, b. My dear Mother, c. Dear Sister, d. Dear Tom, 对亲戚: a. My dear Auntie, b. Dear Cousin, c. My dear Cousin, 对朋友、同学 a. My dear friend, b. D
25、ear Mr. Jackson, c. My dear Mr. Jackson,对未婚女子: a. Dear Miss Luce, b. My dear Miss Luce, 对一般妇女,不论是否结婚: a. Ms. , b. Dear Madame, 对已婚生子: a. Dear Mrs. Helen Jackson, b. My dear Mrs. Helen Jackson, 对公司、工厂、学校等: a. Dear Sirs, 或 Dear Sir, b. Sirs, 或 Sir, c. Gentlemen,(5)信文(Body of the letter),信文是信件的主体部分,也就是
26、信的内容。正文应在称呼下两行开始。信的开头第一个字母 通常和称呼开头第一个词平齐。 也有往后退四个或八个字的。 下面介绍一些开头语和结尾语。,开头语,相当于中文的“敬启者”。 (直接给别人写信) a. l beg to inform you that b. l beg to take this opportunity to inform you that c. I have the honor to adress you that. d. l write in a hurry to inform you that e. I hve the pleasure to tell you that.
27、f. I am very delighted to inform you that.,相当于中文的“接读某月某日来信,一切知悉”。 a. l thank you very much for your letter of May 20th b.Your letter of May 20th has been received with thanks. c. It gives me great pleasure to receive your kind letter of May 20th. d. ln answer to your kind letter of May 20th, l deepl
28、y regret that e. l have received your kind letter of May 20th. f.Words cant express my delight on finding your favor of yesterday on my desk this morning. g.Your letter dated May 20th has been received,结尾语,采用三种方法: 采用分词短语:句末用逗号,不用句号。 采用介词短语,句末用逗号,不用句号。 采用完整句子:句末用句号。,(6)结束语(Complimentary Close),结束语的一般
29、写法如下: Yours truly, Truly yours, Sincerely yours, Yours sincerely, 公函常用: Yours faithfully, Faithfully yours, Yours respectfully, Respectfully yours,私人书信常用: Sincerely yours, Yours very sincerely, Yours affectionately, Yours ever, 给亲戚朋友的信常用: Love, All my love, You(ever)loving son/daughter/cousin, etc.
30、Your affectionate nephew, Yours lovingly, Lovingly yours,(7)署名(Signature),个人署名: Li Hua 公司署名: Yours faithfully, Legend Computer Company Wang Lin Sales Manager,信函分类,1.生日贺信 2.圣诞节及新年贺信 3.感谢信 4.请求帮助信 5.申请信 6.道歉信,1999 年,假设你是李华,在一所中学读书。最近收到美国朋友 Smith 先生的来信。他三年前参观过你 校,听说现在变化很大,希望了解有关情况。参照下图,给他写一封回信,介绍你校的变化。
31、 注意: (1)回信须包括图画的主要内容,可以适当增减细节,使内容连贯: (2)词数:100 左右。,1999 年,老教学楼 原操场 新教学楼 新操场 图书馆,July 9 Dear Mr. Smith, l was so pleased to hear from you and am writing to tell you something about my school. You are right. Quite a few changes have taken place. On one side of the road there is a new classroom buildin
32、g. On the other side, where the playground used to be, now stands another new building-our library. In it there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines. The playground is now in from of the school. We have also planted a lot of trees in and around the school. I hope you come and see for you
33、rself some day. Best wishes, Yours, Li Hua,2005书面表达(满分25分),假设你是新华中学的学生李华,得知某英文报招聘兼职记者,你有意应聘,请按下列要点给报社写一封自荐信。 * 表示感兴趣 * 说明优势:知识面、英语水平、合作精神、相关经历 * 希望得到回复 注意: 1词数:100左右 2可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯,Dear Sir or Madam, Im a student from Xinhua Middle School. Im glad to learn that you want a few part-time English repo
34、rters. Im quite interested in it. I think Im fit for the job . As a student, Ive read a lot and have much knowledge in many fields. Im fond of English and do well in both speaking and writing.,Besides, Im easy to get along with and enjoy working together with others. Above all, I once worked as a re
35、porter for my school broadcasting station. So Im sure I can do the job well if I get the position. Im looking forward to your reply. Yours faithfully, Li Hua,交际型写作,小作文的考察重点。 启事 通知 便条,启事 P 34,遗失启事 Lost 作为标题放在启事上的方正中 启事的正文包括遗失物品,遗失的时间、地点,若有人发现遗失物品送交的人、地点,范文,Lost September 1, 2000 l was careless and lo
36、st a green school bag in the dining-hall on the morning of21 st of August. inside were an English textbook, a workbook, a dictionary and a key to my bike. Will the finder please send it either to the monitor of Class3, Senior Grade 3 or to myself? Many thanks to the finder. Our classroom is in Room3
37、03, Building2. Zhao Meng (Loser),遗失启事的体裁结构,Lost _1 I lost a _2when_3 in/at_4.will the finder send it to_5. loser 1.日期;2.丢失物品;3.丢失时间;4.丢失地点;5.失主所在地。,招领启事,以 Found作为标题放在启事上方正中。 在 found的右下角处写上招领启事的时间。 启事的正文包括招领的物品,拾到物品的时间及丢失者去认领失物的地点。 启事正文的右下 角写上登这一启事的单位。,范文,Found June 8th, 2000 A wallet was found yeste
38、rday afternoon, inside of which there is some money and other things. The loser is expected to come to the Office of Senior Grade 2 to identify it. The office of Senior Grade2 交际型写作信息表达的效率一定要高。,招领启事的体裁结构,Found _1 I happend to find a _2(in) which _3. Loser is expected to _4 to identify it. Finder 1.日
39、期;2.所拾到的物品;3.物品特征;4.去招领处。,通知,1.书面通知: Notice; 落款;时间、地点、参加者、内容、注意事项(多用祈使句)。 2.口头通知: 呼语(开头、结束),口语意识。审题 3.时态:一般将来时。,范文,庐山郊游通知 假如你是高三(2)班班长,你班要在 5月 4 日即下星期六去庐山郊游。请你拟一份通知,准备 向同学们宣读。内容包括: 1、郊游日期:5 月 4日,下星期六; 2、主要内容:攀登比赛、摄影等; 3、早餐后 8点坐校车出发,午餐自带,下午 3点回校; 4、欢迎全体同学参加。凡参加者先登记并交给班长5 元钱。 注意:通知词数约 70120。要求意思连贯。,An
40、 Outing to Lushan Class, please be quiet. l am glad to tell you that we have decided to have an outing to Lushan next Saturday, May 4th. The expense is about five Yuan. Those who wish to go should put down the names on this piece of paper and give the money to me. We will go by school bus which is t
41、o start after breakfast at 8:00 a. m and come back to school at 3:00 p. m. Remember to bring your lunch with you. Well have a contest of climbing the hill and take photos there.All the students are welcome. Thats all.Thank you.,课后作业 P57 1994真题,1994(计分 25 分) 提示:你学校生将为来访的美国朋友举办一个晚会,要在学校广播中宣布此事,并欢迎大家 参
42、加。为使美国朋友听懂,请你用英语写一篇广播通知。要点如下: 宗旨:欢迎来访的美国朋友 组织者:学生会 时间:8 月 15,星期六,晚 730 地点:主楼屋顶花园 活动内容:音乐、跳舞、唱歌、游戏、交换小礼品(请包装好、签名并在包装外面写上几个祝愿词) 注意: (1)广播稿约 100 词; (2)应包括以上要点,但不要逐字翻译,要组织成一篇通顺序连贯的短文; (3)开头语已为你写好。,May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. The Student Union is going to hold a par
43、ty on Saturday evening, August 15, to welcome our friends from the United States The party will be held in the roof garden of the Main Building. It will begin at 7:30 p.m. There will be music, dancing, singing, games and exchange of gifts. Everybody may bring along a small gift for this purpose. Rem
44、ember to wrap it up, sign your name and write a few words of good wishes. Dont forget:7:30, Saturday evening, roof garden, Main Building. Theres sure to be a lot of fun. Everybody is welcome.,便条,1.简化的书信格式。 2.简化称呼及签署。 3.语言通俗而且口语化。 4.注意“短信”的出题形式。,范文,假如你是李华,你患了重感冒,医生说你需要服药,并卧床休息两天,不能去上学。为此请你用英语给高老师写一张请
45、假条。,Dear Miss Gao, Im sorry to tell you that Ive caught a bad cold. The doctor told me to take some medicine and stay in bed for two days. So I cant go to school today and tomorrow. Li Ming,说明文,说明文是以说明为主要表达方式的文体。它主要用来说明事物的特点、变化和发展规律,使人们对事物有个清晰、完整的了解和认识。近年来高考试题,以介绍地点和介绍事物为主。 写说明文注意以下特点: 要抓事物特征; 层次要分明
46、; 解释要清楚; 表达手法要多样; 用词力求准确。,介绍地点,1.抓住此处所的基本特征。 2.遵循一定的顺序,使文章条理清楚,中心突出。(言之有序、富有条理) 3.运用恰当的说明方法进行说明。 4.语言做到准确无误,要简洁、明白。 特别注意介词,存在句型和地点状语的运用。,2003年真题 P75,假设你是李华,你的英国笔友Bob将于九月到你所在城市的建新华文学校学中文,来信请你在学校附近为他找一套住房。请根据图画提供的信息,写信介绍住房的情况,并告知住房面积为25平方米,月租500元。,静态地点介绍,内容要点:1开头2公寓(一室带浴室、厨房)3面积、家具(25平米、床、沙发、书桌、椅子)4公寓
47、位置(芳草街,离学校一站远)5月租500元 6结尾,范文,Dear Bob, Im so glad to learn that youre coming in Semtember. Ive found a place for you. Its a small flat of 25 square metres, with a bedroom, a bathroom and a kitchen. In the bedroom there is a bed, a sofa, a desk and a chair. The rent is 500 yuan per month. The flat is
48、 in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. Bus No.11 can take you straight to the school. In fact, its only one stop. Do you think youd like it? If not,I can try and find another place for you. Just let me know. Yours, Li Hua,假定你是李华。你和几个朋友约定星期天在人民公园野餐。你们的英国朋友Pete
49、r也应邀参加。请你根据下面的示意图,给他写封短信,告诉他进公园后如何找到你们。,动态地点介绍 P58,要选用合适的介词,注意空间位置的变化,内容要点: 1、从公园正门进来。 2、进门后朝前走。 3、到小河过桥。 4、向右拐后朝前走。 5、绕爬过小山。 6、我们在(湖边的)小树林里。,June 1st, 1995 Dear Peter, Were so glad youre coming to join us on Sunday. Here is how you can find us. Well have our picnic in the Peoples Park. You know whe
50、re that is, dont you? After you enter the park by the main gate, walk straight on till you come to a stream. Cross the stream and turn right. After walking for a while youll come to a hill. Walk around to the other side of the hill. There youll see a lake. Well have our picnic there in the small woo
51、ds by the lake. Im sure youll have no trouble finding us. Do come! Li Hua,介绍事物,(一)抓住事物的特征。 (二)要遵循一定的顺序。 1.时间顺序 2.空间顺序 3.逻辑顺序 (三)运用恰当的方法。 1.定义法 2.举例说明法 for example 和 such as 区别,3.比较法 4.细节描述法 (四)运用恰当的语言 形象表达 功能表达,功能表达,家用电脑体积小,价格低,造型优美,简单易用,使用方便、灵活。 The family computers is small. Its price is not high,
52、 and it has a good look. It can be used easily.,范文 P41,茶 就题目“茶”写一篇120词左右的短文,内容包括: 1.饮茶源于中国,现已遍及世界。 2.中国有许多世界名茶。用不同的方法加工茶,可以生产出black tea, greentea, scented tea, medical tea等。 3.饮茶已成为我们生活的一部分饮茶可以使人保持大脑清醒,解除疲劳。茶里的营养成分以及微量元素可以使人健康。,2008 广东卷,射击最初只是生存工具,19世纪末才发展为一项体育运动。 Shooting,initially a survival tool,
53、 didnt develop into a sport until the end of the 19th century. 1896:第一次成为奥运项目。 It became an olympic sport with only three events in 1896.,1904:中断;1928:中断;1932:重回奥运会。 It was stoped twice in 1904 and 1928 for various reseasons before it retured to the Olympics in 1932. 1968: 第一次允许妇女参加奥运射击比赛。 It was in
54、 1968 that women were allowed to paticipate in the Olympic shooting competations for the first time.,现状:稳步发展,现今已有17项射击项目。 Now shooting with its 17 events available in the Olympics is developing steadily.,连句成篇,Shooting,initially a survival tool, didnt develop into a sport until the end of the 19th ce
55、ntury.It became an olympic sport with only three events in 1896. However, It was stoped twice in 1904 and 1928 for various reseasons before it retured to the Olympics in 1932.And it was in 1968 that women were allowed to paticipate in the Olympic shooting competations for the first time. Now shootin
56、g with its 17 events available in the Olympics is developing steadily.,记叙文(记事,写人),叙述事件 (一)明确中心思想和写作目的 情节、对话围绕中心 (二)精心选材(生动有趣、紧扣主题) (三)选择角度 “人称” (四)恰当安排写作次序(时间脉络主线) (五)叙事清楚、完整,文章结构体现“五何”原则。 when, where, who, what,why,how.,(六)叙事要详略得当。 (七)叙事要写好人物对话 直接引语,间接引语,直接引语的几种形式。 还要注意以下几点: 1.写好开头; 2.注意句子结构; 3.选词准
57、确; 4.内容完整,就事论事。,范文 春游 P43,老体裁的新感觉。 注意时间主线的演进。 根据提示,用英语描述一次春游。 内容:1、时间上星期四; 2、地点长山; 3、上山的路,行走困难; 4、同学们互相支持; 5、终于登上山顶; 6、返回,A Spring Outing Last Thursday we went to Changshan for our spring outing. We reached the foot of the hill at 9 a. m. After having a short rest, we began to climb. There was no ro
58、ad but stones and bushes. We had to make a way by ourselves. With the help of the grass, we moved on. While walking, the strong students helped the weak ones. After some time, we were all tried. How we wanted to have a rest, but we couldnt stop. We walked on. At last, we got to the top of the hill. On the top of the hill, we laughed and jumped. It seemed that we were the happiest people in the world. We took some photos there, and then sat down and had something to eat. At
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