宾语 表语从句.ppt

1、Object Clauses 宾语从句,M3U3 Grammar,什么是宾语？,I know him. Do you have the time? I think (that) she is beautiful. Why dont you pay attention to me?,宾语 位于谓语动词或者介词后,一、宾语从句的概念,从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句， 通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词（连接

2、词） 语 序 时 态,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句,由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,（一）引导词,1,2,3,e.g. I hear (that) _. He said (that) _. The teacher told us (that) _ _.,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves,由从属连词 that 引导的宾

3、语从句,注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,around the sun,that不能省略的3种情况,（2）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时 （ it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾） I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.,（1）当that作介词except, in, but 宾语时 Men differ from animals in that they can th

4、ink and speak. I know nothing about him except/but that he is living in Beijing.,(3) 如果一个谓语动词后跟有两个that引导的宾语从句, 第一个that可以省略, 第二个that不能省. Alice explained that the storm had pushed over some wire places and that the bridge had been washed away.,由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,I want to know _ _. 2. Ask him _

5、. 3. I wonder _. 4. Could you tell me_?,if (whether) he will go to the park with us,whether (if) he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。,whether(if) Mr Li lives here,只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况,1. 在介词后面： Im thinking of whet

6、her we should go fishing. We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow. 2. 在动词不定式前(whether to do sth.) ： They asked me whether to go skating.,3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时: I dont know whether hes free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me whether youd like to go shopping

7、or tidy the room. 4. 宾语从句提前时： Whether this is true or not, I cant say.,Practice time,if / whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2. Were worried about _ he is safe. 3. I wonder _ he is well. 4. I dont know _ or not he is well. 5. I dont know _ to go.,if / whether,whether,whether /if,whether,whethe

8、r,(二)、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What did he want to buy ? I dont know what did he want to b

9、uy . I dont know what he wanted to buy .,主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）,Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened?,注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：,eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who is over there? Can you tell me who he is ?,做主语,做表语,I know he lives here . I know he li

10、ved here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .,(三)、时态,主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态， 根据实际情况而定。,2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时）， 从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 （一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He sa

11、id that he had seen it .,The teacher told me she was born in 1960. I heard that he went to Paris last night.,3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时， 仍用一般现在时。,Dad told us that it is better to do than to say. He told the boy that three and three is six. He told me the earth moves around the sun.,4. 从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动

12、作发生 在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise),will be,goes,have returned,had been,rises

13、,宾语从句三要素,时 态,Summary (小结）,引导词（连接词）,语 序,1. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 2. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 3. I dont know _ he still lives here. A. where B. what C. when D. whether 4. Could you show me

14、_ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I would get to the station D. how I can reach the station,一个从句在复合句中作主句的表 语，这个从句就叫作表语从句。 The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses caused by smoking. The question remains whether we can win the people.,表语从句,1. 从属连词that（一

15、般不省略）， whether（不用if），as if（though）等 引导的表语从句。 The reason (why) she hasnt come is that (此处不可用because) she has to take her mother to a hospital. 她没来是因为她必须送母亲去医院。,2. 连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose等引导的表语从句。 This is what I want to say. 这就是我想说的。 3. 连接副词when, where, how, why等 引导的表语从句。 This is how we over

16、come the difficulties. 这就是我们克服困难的方法。,1. Maria has to baby-sit. Thats _ she cant come out with us. A. why B. how C. when D. what 2. I went to see you at about ten this morning, but you were not in the office. Oh, that was probably_ I was talking with the headmaster. A. when B. why C. what D. that,课堂练

17、兵,3. All finished, we sat down to enjoy_ we thought the most delicious dinner. A. that B. which C. what D. it 4. She looked _ she were ten years younger. A. that B. as though C. as D. like,7. What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon A. when B. how C. wh

18、ether D. why 8. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week Is that _ you had a few days off？ A. why B. when C. what D. where,9. The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park. A. where B. how C. when D. why 10. When asked _ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel

19、important and loved. A. what B. why C. whom D. which,11. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are. A. where B. what C. when D. why 12. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. A. when B. why C. where D. that,13. You can only make su

20、re of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that 14. Please remind me _ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. A. where B. when C. how D. what,1. Great changes have taken place in that schoo

21、l. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. (2005 安徽卷) A. what; when B. that; which C. what; which D. which; that,实战高考,2. The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross- river traffic is the heaviest. (2005 江苏卷) A. which; where B. at which; which C. a

22、t which; where D. which; in which 3. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning. (2006 全国I卷) A. when B. which C. where D. what,4. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. (2007 江苏卷) A. what B. why C. how D. whether 5. Could I speak to _ is in charg

23、e of International Sales, please? (2007 山东卷) A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who,6. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _ it is. (2007 天津卷) A. what B. which C. how D. where 7. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about _ he

24、 will do or think. (2008 上海卷) A. what B. which C. whom D. that,8. It is not immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over. (2009 上海卷) A. since B. what C. when D. whether 9. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any better. (2009 北京卷) A. w

25、hen B. how C. why D. if,10. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. (2010 全国卷I) A. that B. which C. what D. where 11. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry. (2010 湖南卷) A. where B. whether C. that D. why,12. I prefer shutting myself in and l