地球物理及勘探专业词汇

1、The examination includes following five parts, each has 20 scores.v Questions related to structure of the research paper;v Professional words or phrases from English to Chinese;v Professional words or phrases from Chinese to English;v Translation short paragraph from English to Chinese;v Translation

2、 short paragraph from Chinese to English.1、Questions related to structure of the research paperv How many sections at least are required in the scientific research paper in general? Please write the title of every section.v What are the purposes of the “Introduction” in the research paper? Please sp

3、ecify the main purposes.v What are the functions of the “Abstract” in the research paper? Please explain the primary functions.v What is the “Appendix” in the research paper? Please indicate when an appendix is needed.v How to cite reference paper in the text and how to arrange the “References”? Ple

4、ase give an example to specify them.2、20 words or phrases from English to Chinese3、20 words or phrases from Chinese to EnglishLists of Professional words or phrasesGravityAiry (Pratt) hypothesis 艾里(普拉特)假说Bouguer anomaly (correction) 布格异常(校正)Field (Upward, Downward) continuation 位场（向上，下）延拓Elevation (

5、Topographic，terrain) correction 高程(地形)改正Geoid，Geodesy 大地水准面，大地测量学Gravimeter, Gradiometer 重力仪,梯度仪Gravity reduction (survey, prospecting) 重力改正(调查，勘探)Isostasy correction 均衡改正Torsion balance (Worden) 扭秤(沃尔登重力仪)Microgravity survey 微重力测量MagneticAeromagnetic method 航空磁测法Alternating-field demagnetization 交变

6、场退磁Magnetic declination (inclination) 磁偏角(倾角)Secular (diurnal) variation 长期（日）变化Geomagnetic pole (reversal) 地磁极(倒转)Electromagnetic Induction 电磁感应Magnetic equator(meridian, moment) 地磁赤道（子午线，矩）Magnetic permeability（polarization） 磁导率(极化)Paleomagnetism 古地磁学Magneto-telluric method 大地磁法Audio magneto-tellu

7、ric method (AMT) 音频大地磁法Controlled source AMT method (CSAMT) 可控源音频大地磁法Airborne electromagnetic method (AEM) 航空电磁法Transient EM method (TEM) 瞬变电磁法Long offset TEM (LOTEM) 长偏移距瞬变电磁法Magnetometers (magnetic gradiometer) 磁力仪（磁梯度仪）Global positioning system (GPS) 全球定位系统International Geomagnetic Reference Fiel

8、d (IGRF) 国际地磁参考场ElectricalApparent resistivity 视电阻率Conductivity 电导率Dielectric polarization 电介质极化Electrical profiling (sounding) 电剖面法(测深)Self (spontaneous)potential method 自然电位法Electromagnetic method (EM) 电磁法Induced polarization (IP) 激发极化法(Nuclear) magnetic resonance (核)磁共振pole-dipole array 单极-偶极排列Tr

9、ansient electromagnetic(TEM) 瞬变电磁Electrical impedance 电阻抗Telluric current method 大地电流法Equipotential line method 等位线法Electric transient method 瞬变电法spontaneous polarization 瞬时极化Resistivity Method 电阻率法SeismicAbnormal events 异常同相轴Acoustic impedance 声波阻抗Incident angle (wave) 入射角(波)Apparent velocity 视速度St

10、atic correction 静校正Dynamic correction 动校正Energy attenuation 能量衰减Coherent noise 相关(相干)噪声Common midpoint gather(CMP) 共中心点道集Common source point gather (CSP) 共炮点道集Common offset gather (stack) 共偏移距道集(叠加)Reflected (refracted, converted) wave 反射（折射、转换）波Critical angle (distance) 临界角(距离)De + convolution 反 +

11、褶积Elastic impedance 弹性阻抗(声阻抗)Geophone (Receiver) 地震检波器(接收器)Group(interval) velocity 群（层）速度Pre(Post) + stack migration 叠前（叠后）偏移 Normal moveout correction 正常时差校正Raypath (wavefront) 射线路径（波前）Ray tracing (wavefield simulation) 射线追踪（波场模拟）Reflection coefficient 反射系数Wide-angle reflection (refraction) 广（宽）角反

12、射（折射）Reverse time migration 逆时间偏移Root-mean-square (RMS) 均方根seismic-electric effect 震电效应seismogram (seismograph) 震相图(地震仪)Wave form inversion 波型反演Shearing wave (stress, strain) 剪切波（应力、应变）Non zero-offset 非零偏移距Time-shift correction 时移校正Bright spot technology 亮点技术Normal Moveout Correction 正常时差校正 Interval

13、 velocity 层（间）速度Migration imaging 偏移成像Seismic resolution 地震分辨率Hydrocarbon identification (HCI) 碳氢识别 LogBorehole (well) log 测井曲线(记录)Acoustic log 声波测井Density log (densilog) 密度测井Electrical log 电测井microresistivity log (microlog) 微电阻率测井Neutron log 中子测井Radioactivity log 放射性测井Sonic log 声波测井Data processingA

14、uto (cross) correlation 自（互）相关Automatic gain control 自动增益控制Band-pass filter 带通滤波器boundary-value problem 边值问题Initial-value problem 初值问题Contour map 等值线图Dynamic range 动态范围Engineering (Environmental) geophysics 工程(环境)地球物理学Flow chart 流程图Impulse response 脉冲响应Inverse Fourier transform 傅里叶逆变换Kernel function

15、 核函数Least-squares fit 最小二乘法拟合Remote sensing 遥感Signal-to-noise ratio 信噪比Standard deviation 标准差Covariance matrix 协方差矩阵 Steepest descent method (SD) 最速下降法Algebra reconstruction tomography (ART) 代数重建成像Simultaneous iterative reconstruction Tomography (SIRT) 同时迭代成像Conjugate gradient method (CG) 共轭梯度法Singu

16、lar value decomposition method (SVD) 奇异值分解法Transient Frequency 瞬时频率Parallel computing technology 并行计算技术 Rapid relaxation algorithm 快速松弛算法Quasi-linear method 准（拟）线性法Anisotropy parameters 各向异性参数Inelastic attenuation factors 非弹性衰减因子SEG 勘探地球物理学家联合会EAGE 欧洲地质科学家和工程学家联合会Data reduction 数据补偿Analytic signal 解

17、析信号OthersGeothermal prospecting 地热勘探Engineering (Environmental) geophysics 工程(环境)地球物理学Ground penetrating Radar (GPR) 地质雷达Geo-technical engineering 土木工程Geology engineering 地质工程Earthquake engineering 地震工程3D Advanced Visual System (AVS) 三维可视化系统Virtual Reality Technology (VR) 虚拟现实技术Vertical Seismic Prof

18、iling (VSP) 垂直地震剖面Seismic while drilling 随钻地震Science citation index (SCI) 科技引文指数Engineering index (IE) 工程引文指数Effective media theory 有效介质理论Cellular automata 细胞自动机Fractal theory 分形理论Chaos theory 混沌理论Stochastic wave theory 随机波动理论Neutral network 神经网络Artificial intelligence 人工智能4、Translation short paragraph from Engl