U3词汇课文.ppt

1、Unit 3,Vocabulary,absorb vt. 吸收，吸引 Plants can absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. 植物可以吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。 Plants absorb minerals and other nutrients from the soil. 植物从泥土中吸收矿物质和其他养料。 Dry sand absorbs water. 干沙吸收水份。 The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him. 那个聪明的男孩把他老师所能教他的所有

2、的知识都吸收了。 His business absorbs him. 他的业务使他全神贯注。,achieve vt.完成，达到 His laziness makes it impossible for him to achieve success. 他的懒惰使他不可能成功。 It takes hard work to achieve success. 成功需要努力工作。 He will never achieve anything if he doesnt work hard. 他如果不努力工作就永远不会有所成就。 He achieved because he was a hard worke

3、r. 他之所以成功是因为他工作勤奋。,admit vt.承认 I must admit, its more difficult than I thought it would be. 我必须承认，这比我想象的要困难得多。 This sentence admits of several interpretations. 这个句子可以有多种解释。 He was admitted to the hospital suffering from burns. 他由于烧伤，被送入医院治疗。,Americanize vt.（使）美国化 globalize urbanize modernize realize

4、,celebration n.庆祝，庆典 Ive been promoted. This calls for a celebration! 我已经升职了.这可得庆祝一下喽! A wedding is an occasion for celebration. 婚礼是欢庆的时刻。 I suppose we shall be having some sort of celebration for the bride. 我想我们还是来为新娘庆贺一番吧。,characteristic n.特点 Her predominant characteristic is honesty. 她最为突出的特点是诚实。

5、 Ambition is a characteristic of all successful businessmen. 雄心勃勃是所有成功生意人的共同特点。 Sympathy is the feeling characteristic of mankind. 同情心是人类特有的感情。,combination n.结合 We tried it in every conceivable combination. 我们把能想到的各种组合都试了一遍。 A combination of factors led to her decision to resign. 综合各种因素之後她决定辞职。 Thes

6、e players made a very good combination. 这些球员们配合得很好。,complicated adj.复杂的 They have straightened out a very complicated problem. 他们已经把一个非常复杂的问题搞清楚了。 The novel is too complicated for your age. 这小说对你的年龄来说太复杂了。 The tax laws are so complicated that only an expert can provide enlightenment. 税务法非常复杂，只有专家才能解

7、释清楚。 The business is a large, complicated organism. 该企业是一个大而复杂的组织。,contribution n. 贡献 He has made an important contribution to the companys success. 他对公司的成功作出了重要的贡献。 Roberts contribution should be remembered. 罗伯特的贡献应该久志不忘。 Dont undervalue Jims contribution to the research. 不要低估了吉姆在研究工作中的贡献。 He minim

8、ized the value of her contribution to his research so that he got all the praise. 他极力贬低她在那项研究中的贡献，从而独获全部奖励。,contribute to Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸烟会导致肺癌吗? Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness. 诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。,dominate vt.主宰，支配 He has authority, but he doesnt try

9、to dominate others. 他有权威，但并不想控制别人。 She dominated the meeting by sheer force of character. 她单凭个人气势就镇住了会场。,element n.成分，要素 Water is composed of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢元素和氧元素组成的。 Honesty, industry and kindness are elements of a good life. 诚实、勤劳和善良是幸福生活的要素。 Theres an element of truth in h

10、is story. 他说的有些道理。 Theres always an element of danger in mountain climbing. 登山总是有些危险的。 You must understand the elements of mathematics before we can proceed further. 你必须先弄懂数学基础知识，我们才能进一步学习。,essence n.精髓 Simplicity is the essence of good taste. 纯朴是情趣高尚的主要因素。 The two arguments are in essence the same.

11、 这两个论点大致相同。 Speed is of the essence in dealing with an emergency. 在处理紧急事件时，速度是非常重要的。 Caution is the essence of that mans character. 谨慎是那人性格的本质。,expression n.表情，表达 He always shows a joyous expression. 他总是露出喜悦的表情。 He had a passive expression on his face. 他脸上有一种漠然的表情。 There was an expression of discont

12、ent on her face. 她脸上有不满的表情。 The scenery was beautiful beyond expression. 那风景美丽得无法形容。,fundamental adj. 基本的，基础知识 There are fundamental differences between your religious beliefs and mine. 你我的宗教信仰根本不同。 A knowledge of economics is fundamental to any understanding of this problem. 经济知识对于理解这个问题是至关重要的。 If

13、you two are going to marry, I advise that you need to know the fundamentals of cooking. 如果你们要结婚的话，我建议你们了解烹调的基本知识。,genius n. 天才，天赋 He makes much account of her musical genius. 他重视她的音乐天赋。 He is a mathematical genius. 他是一个数学天才。 He is not so much a genius as a hard worker. 他的努力胜于天分。 She has a genius for

14、 finding mistakes in my work. 她有一种从我的工作中找错误的本领。,identity n.身份 The police asked him to show his identity card. 警察让他出示身份证。 the identity of the killer is still a complete mystery. 凶手的身分仍全然不知。 The journalist did not want to reveal the identity of the witness. 那个新闻工作者不想透露目击者的身分。 A credit card is not a va

15、lid proof of identity. 银行发的支票保付卡不是有效的身份证明文件。 She experienced a loss of identity after giving up her career to get married. 她放弃职业结婚以后有一种失落感。,imitation n. 模仿 His style is an imitation of his teachers. 他一味模仿教师的风格，毫无创意。 The house was built in imitation of a Roman villa. 这所房子是仿造古罗马别墅式的建筑。,innovation n. 创

16、新 Anesthesia was a great innovation in medicine. 麻醉是一项伟大的医学创新。 It was a period of innovation. 这是革新时期。,mock v.嘲笑 adj.假装的，模拟的 We should not mock at other peoples religious beliefs. 我们不应该嘲笑别人的宗教信仰。 She opened her eyes wide in mock disbelief. 她睁大眼睛假装不相信。 The army training exercises ended with a mock bat

17、tle. 军事训练演习以一场模拟战结束。,occupy vt. 占有 The striking office workers have occupied the whole building. 罢工的办公室人员占据了整座建筑物。 Is that seat occupied? 那个座位有人吗？ Reading occupies most of my free time. 阅读占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。 Many problems occupied his mind. 他脑子里装著许多问题。 Her time is fully occupied with her three children. 她

18、的时间全部用在她的三个孩子身上了。 How does he occupy himself now hes retired? 他既已退休，那如何打发日子呢？,opposite adj.adv.prep.n.相反的,在对面 adv. I sat opposite to him during the meal. 吃饭的时候我坐在他的对面。 prep. Put the wardrobe in the corner opposite the door. 把衣柜放在对著门的那个角落里。 Have you seen the house opposite the railway station? 你看到火车站

19、对面的房子了吗？ adj. I live in the opposite house. 我住在对面的房子里。 n. Black and white are opposites. 黑和白相反。,originate vi.起源于 The hot dog did not originate in the United States, but in Germany. 热狗不是起源于美国，而是德国。 The style of architecture originated from the ancient Greeks. 这种建筑风格起源于古希腊。 The quarrel originated in c

20、onflicts between the two families. 这次争吵是两家不和引起的。,perform vt. 执行，履行，表现 Lasers can be used to perform operations nowadays. 现在激光可以用来做手术。 The magician performed some astonishing tricks. 魔术师表演了一些令人惊叹的戏法。 Their football team performed very well in the match yesterday. 他们的足球队在昨天的比赛中表现突出。 performance n. How

21、 was your performance in the exam? 你考的怎么样?,reflect vt. 反映，表现 Her sad looks reflected the thought passing through her mind. 她忧戚的面容反映出她内心的思想。 The sunlight was reflected in the water. 日光由水面反射出来。 I often reflect on the beauty and complexity of life. 我们经常思考人生的美丽与复杂。,rhythm n. 节奏，韵律 Stress and rhythm are

22、important in speaking English. 说英语时，重音和节奏是很重要的。 It is said that the rhythm of tides is affected by the moon. 据说潮汐的涨落受月亮的影响。 He is trying to play the same tune in a different rhythm. 他正试图用不同节奏演奏同一个曲子。,tolerance n. 宽容 Tolerance is a good virtue. 宽容是一种美德。 In ordinary living there can be some tolerance

23、of unpunctuality. 在平常的生活中，对不准时的行为可以给予一些宽容。 tolerate v. I can not tolerate his bad temper. 我受不了他的坏脾气。 He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert. 他忍受不住沙漠的酷热。,transform vt. 转换，改造 His plans were transformed overnight into reality. 他的计划迅速变为现实。 The magician transformed the frog into a princ

24、ess. 魔术师把青蛙变成了公主。 Success and wealth transformed his character. 成功和财富改变了他的性格。,typically adv. 典型地 Typically, he would come in late and then say that he had to go early. 他一向是来得很晚，然后又总说他得早走。 He is typically American. 他是典型的美国人。,unique adj.唯一的，独特的 Hes caught the unique opportunity. 他抓住了那唯一的机会。 Its a uniq

25、ue work of art. 这是独一无二的艺术作品。 He has a unique characteristic. 他性格独特。,variety n.多样性 The hotel offers its guests a wide variety of amusements. 这个旅馆为住客提供了各种各样的娱乐活动。 I have a variety of books at home. 我家中有好多书。 He left for a variety of reasons. 他由于种种原因而离开了。 Society is made up of a variety of people; some

26、are good, others (are) bad, and still others (are) in between. 社会是由形形色色的人组成。有些人很好，有些人很坏， 有些人介乎两者之间。 My last job lacked variety; I was doing the same things all the time. 我上次那份工作缺乏变化，我老是在做同样的事情。,according to根据，依照 The books in the library were distributed according to subjects. 图书馆里的藏书按科目分类。 According

27、 to our records, the books you have borrowed should now be returned to the library. 根据我们的记录，你借的书现在应该还给图书馆了。 According to these figures, our company is doing well. 从这些数字来看，我们的公司经营得不错。,add to 增加，添加 I have nothing to add to my earlier statement. 我对我先前说的话，没有什么补充的。 I didnt want to add to Mothers misery.

28、我不愿意增加母亲的痛苦。 The function of an adjective is to describe or add to the meaning of a noun. 形容词的作用是描述或增加名词的意思。,agree on 对达成一致 We couldnt agree on a date/when to meet. 关于什么时候见面，我们未能取得一致意见。 The two sides failed to agree on every point but came to an accommodation. 双方并非在每一点上意见都一致，但已达成和解。,at the end of 在末

29、尾，末端 The school is situated at the end of the street. 该校位于这条街的尽头。 Well have an exam in English at the end of January. 一月底我们要参加英语考试。 They were at the end of their patience. 他们忍无可忍。 He is at the end of his wits. 他智穷才尽，束手无策。 at the hands of 在手里,be absorbed in 专心于 He is absorbed in his research.,be know

30、n as 被认为 He was known as a reliable man. 他以可信赖的人着称。 Samuel Clemens, who was known as Mark Twain, became a famous American writer. 塞缪斯克莱门斯，以马克吐温知名，成了美国名作家。,bring together 集合 I bring differ opinions together. 我总结不同意见。 He brought together all the parts of the machine. 他把这个机器所有的零件集合到一起。 Spring Festival

31、brings together all the family members. 春节让全家人聚在一起。,in many respects 在许多方面 They are different in many respects. 他们在很多方面不同。,in the sense 在意义上 in the same sense 同样的道理,make contributions to 贡献,melt into 融合为 The sea seemed to melt into the sky at the horizon. 在水平线处，海洋似渐渐没入天际。 The ship melted into the da

32、rkness. 轮船逐渐隐没在黑暗中。,on one handon the other hand 一方面另一方面,stand out 突出 His height makes him stand out in the crowd. 他身材高大，因此在人群中很突出。 Her work stands out from the rest as easily the best. 她的工作成绩远比其他人都好。,stand for 代表，象征，容忍，主张 What does ESL stand for? ESL 代表什么? The dove on the flag stands for peace. 旗帜上

33、的鸽子象征和平。 We stand for self-reliance. 我们主张自立更生。 I wont stand for this insolence. 我决不容忍这种傲慢无礼的行为。,Text A,Considering how jazz is translated in Chinese (jueshi), you may think that it is a cultural form for the wealthy. However, the fact is that it originated among black Americans at the end of the 19t

34、h century, at a time when they occupied the very bottom of the American society. Jazz is known as the soul of America. But, how has it achieved a central place in todays American culture?,Perhaps the essence of America is that you could never get two Americans to agree on a point. Thinking about it

35、for a while, you might say, Hmm, it seems like being American is not so simple as we thought. Certainly things like individualism, success (the American Dream), innovation and tolerance stand out. But these things come together because of American peoples ability to work with one another and find co

36、mmon purpose no matter how different they might be.,Some, like African-American writer Ralph Ellison, believe that jazz is the essence of America. For good reason, for in jazz all of the characteristics mentioned above come together. The solos (独奏) are a celebration of individual gift that cant take

37、 place without the group efforts of the rhythm section (节奏乐器组). Beyond that, though, jazz has a connection to the essence of America in a much more fundamental way. It is an expression of the African roots of American culture, a musical medium that stands for the culture of the Africans whose cultur

38、e came to dominate much of what is American.,Thats right. In many respects Americas roots are in Africa. According to Ralph Ellison, both African and European cultures were transformed at the hands of the slaves.,Back in the early 19th century, black slaves would gather and dance after a days hard l

39、abor. They looked through the windows of a plantation manor (庄园) house from the yard, imitated the steps performed by the masters and then added to them their own special skills, mocking at the white and then going on to change the steps into an art uniquely their own. The whites looked out at the activity in the yard, felt flattered (奉承) by imitation and were amused by the awkward performance of the blacks dancing complicated steps. Somehow they seemed to be missing completely the fact that before their eyes a