免烧砖的压制设备设计毕业论文.doc
I免烧砖的压制设备设计摘要随着我国墙体材料改革进程的不断推进及人们对工业废渣综合利用的迫切需要,免烧砖变得越来越重要。免烧砖包括很多种,如煤矸石砖、灰砂砖、粉煤灰砖、煤渣砖等。最近国家己将大力推广使用免烧砖瓦列入重点扶持项目,研制新型高效能的免烧砖机正是基于此目的,其意义是深远的。在生产这些产品的工艺过程中,砖坯的成型是一个非常重要的环节。本文中研究的免烧砖机力求体积小、效率高,用于制造实心或空心的免烧砖,且砖可承受高压载荷。基于上述要求,提出了将上料、压砖、落砖等机构全部安排在同一部位的结构设计思想,且尽可能地将辅助操作时间全部或部分地重合于基本工作时间内。本文确定了免烧砖机执行机构的动力由液压泵站系统提供,而且具体研究了该液压系统的结构组成、工作原理及其控制过程。克服了行程受到约束外,抗冲击能力差、零部件需经常更换等缺陷。为了更好地体现结构设计理念及避免在装配和运动中出现失误,本文应用UG技术完成了免烧砖机执行机构的实体装配设计。免烧砖压制设备的压砖模可根据需要随意调换,实心与空心的都可以;上料与落砖机构可与任何形式的传输设备配用;用液压泵站作为动力源可提高系统工作的平稳性,且容易实现过载保护;液压控制技术与PLC技术相结合,可以完成油路中各种阀的时序自动控制,使液压系统更加精确、灵活地完成预期控制任务;占地面积较小,且整机维护方便。关键词免烧砖;免烧砖机;液压泵站;UGIIExemptsbakeingbricksthesuppressionequipmentdesignAbstractWiththedevelopmentofourcountryswallmaterial,wehavearequirmenttotheuseofwaste.brickswhichdontneedburnbecomemoreandmoreimportant.Brickswhichdontneedburncontainalotoftypes:gangue,gritandsoon.Thereforethesignificanceofdevejlopinganewtypeofnon-kilnbrickmachinemachinewithhighperformanceisfarreaching.Intheprocessofproductingtheseproductsbrickstakingshapeisveryimportant.Non-kilnbrickmachinestudiedinthisthesishassmallervolumeandhigherefficiency,canbeusedtoproducethesolidnon-kilnbrickorthehollowonewhichcansupporthighpressureload.Accordingtotherequirements,inthesecondchapterofthethesisthestructuredesignthatmaketheappendingpart,thebrickpressingpartandthebrickdroppingpartlayonthesameareaisproposed,andthetimespendingontheauxiliaryactioncanbecoincidedwiththebasicactionspartlyorcompletely.Inordertoembodythestructuraldesignnotionsandescapethefaultsthatarehappenedinassemblingoracting,thewholestructureofnon-kilnbrickmachineiscompletedonthebaseofUGandthekinematicssimulationisalsoresearched.Exemptsbakeingbrickstosuppressequipmentspressurebrickdietobepossibleaccordingtoneedtoexchangeatwill,thesolidandhollowmay;TheIIIhigh-qualitygoodswithfallthebrickorganizationtobepossibletouseforpartswithanyformtransmissionfacility;Mayenhancethesystemworkwiththehydraulicpressurepumpingstationasthepowersupplythestability,andeasytorealizetheover-loadprotection;ThehydrauliccontroltechnologyandthePLCtechnologyunify,maycompleteintheoilducteachkindofvalvessuccessionautomaticcontrol,causesthehydraulicsystemtobemoreprecise,tocompletetheanticipatedcontroltasknimbly;Theareaissmall,andthecompletemachinemaintenanceisconvenient.Keywordsbrickswhichdontneedburn;non-kilnbrickmachine;hydraulicpumpstation;UGIII目录摘要.Abstract.第1章绪论.-1-1.1课题背景.-1-1.2本课题研究的目的和意义.-1-1.3本课题要求的主要技术指标及预期实现的功能.-2-1.3.1主要技术指标.-2-1.3.2预期实现的功能.-2-1.3.3系统特点.-3-第2章压制设备的设计.-4-2.1总体设计.-4-2.2液压缸的设计.-6-2.2.1油缸的有效推力.-6-2.2.2缸体壁厚.-6-2.2.3缸盖厚度.-6-2.2.4活塞杆.-7-2.3滑板的设计.-7-2.4压头和压环的设计.-9-第3章送料装置,激振装置,顶出装置的设计.-11-3.1送料装置的设计.-11-3.2激振装置的设计.-12-3.2.1支撑弹簧的设计.-13-3.2.2电机的选择.-15-3.2.3齿轮同步器的设计.-15-3.3顶出装置的设计.-26-第4章免烧砖压制设备的计算机辅助设计.-28-4.1UG软件简介.-28-4.1.1CAD技术的产生和发展.-28-4.1.2UG软件的特点.-28-4.2液压泵站基于UG的三维实体造型.-30-4.2.1UG造型过程.-30-4.2.2基于UG的装配.-36-结论.-41-