600MW级火力发电机组集控运行典型规程范本【一份非常好的专业资料】 .doc

600MW级火力发电机组集控运行典型规程范本第2页共393页序电力工业高速发展，电网规模的不断扩大，带来了发电行业良好的发展机遇，从国家能源发展规划看，至2020年，预计全社会用电量7万亿千瓦时以上，电力装机14亿千瓦，从2009年到2020年的12年中，我国至少还将建设6亿千瓦装机。我国资源特点决定了以火电为主的电源结构格局一时难以改变，发展火电必须更加注重资源节约、提高效率和保护环境，火力发电企业已步入大容量、超参数、低排放、低能耗等级机组阶段。节能、减排、环保是火力发电企业可持续发展的必由之路，600MW及以上机组已日趋成为火力发电行业主力发电机组，随着机组参数和容量的不断提高，新技术、高科技得以普遍应用，对火电厂的生产运行管理提出了更高要求，特别更迫切需要进一步培养和提高技术水平全能化的集控运行人员。中国电力投资集团公司按照三步走的发展战略目标，为适应新形势、新发展、新机遇的需要，集团公司安全生产运营部组织有关专业人员进行调研、收集国内外600MW机组的特性和运行经验，整理编写成600MW级火力发电机组集控运行典型规程范本，用以指导和帮助火力发电企业培养成熟的专业集控运行人才，开创广阔的技术进步前景打下良好基础。本规程范本希望能作为中国电力投资集团公司内火力发电厂生产运行管理的良好工具，电厂各级生产人员应熟知和掌握有关内容，为机组的安全稳定运行、经济节能对标管理提供基础帮助，以期全面提升电厂的各项管理水平，为集团公司建成世界一流能源企业集团的最终目标积极努力贡献中国电力投资集团公司前言为保证中国电力投资集团公司系统内600MW机组的安全、稳定、经济、环保运行，正确进行机组的启停操作及日常运行监视、调整和检查维护工作，指导事故处理，并进行一步推进电厂四化（例行工作程序化、运行操作规范化、指标控制精细化、岗位工作全能化）工作，特编写本集控运行规程范本。本规程范本根据电力行业有关标准、运行导则、反措要求，结合设备制造厂家资料说明书及现场安装情况进行统一汇编，并按国家标准化工作导则编制而成。本规程范本以某火电厂600MW超临界机组设备为基础进行编写，经中国电力投资集团公司安全生产运营部组织审查通过，发布为集团公司系统内运行标准，具有较强的通用性、指导性和实用性。集团公司所属电厂600MW及以上机组的集控运行规程应根据本规程范本结合本厂实际情况进行编写与修订，300MW及以下机组可参照本规程范本进行编写与修订集控运行规程。本规程范本在执行当中与更高级别的标准规定有出入时按最高级别标准执行，当制造厂有明确规定时，应遵照制造厂技术规范和要求执行，如制造厂无明确规定或制造厂规定与本规程范本不一致时，宜按从严要求的原则执行。鉴于本规程范本在编写过程中由于水平和时间所限，加之设备与技术更新较快，其中难免有疏漏、错误之处，因此在执行过程中请予及时反映和指正。编者二○○九年六月第1页共393页目录1总则...................................................................12引用标准及反事故措施...................................................13机组概述...............................................................33.1锅炉概述...............................................................33.2汽轮机概述.............................................................43.3发变组概述.............................................................53.4机组热控系统概述.......................................................63.5脱硫系统概述..........................................................103.6机组主保护............................................................124机组启动..............................................................154.1机组启动规定..........................................................154.2机组启动应具备的条件..................................................174.3机组启动前的准备......................................................174.4冷态启动..............................................................194.5热态启动..............................................................345机组运行..............................................................355.1机组运行总的要求......................................................355.2主要控制参数及限额....................................................355.3发电机及其励磁系统运行规定............................................395.4机组运行控制方式......................................................445.5机组运行监视及检查维护................................................475.6机组运行调整..........................................................485.6.1负荷调整..............................................................485.6.2燃烧调整..............................................................505.6.3汽压调整..............................................................515.6.4汽温调整..............................................................525.6.5给水调整..............................................................545.6.6汽包水位调整..........................................................545.6.7锅炉排污..............................................................55第2页共393页5.6.8AGC运行..............................................................555.6.9机组一次调频投运......................................................565.7定期工作..............................................................576机组正常停运..........................................................606.1机组停运基本规定.......................................................606.2机组停运前的准备......................................................606.3定参数停机............................................................606.4滑参数停机............................................................646.5机组停运后的冷却......................................................666.6机组停运后的保养......................................................677事故处理..............................................................707.1事故处理原则..........................................................707.2紧急停机停炉..........................................................707.3故障停机..............................................................727.4机组综合性故障处理....................................................737.4.1锅炉MFT..............................................................737.4.2汽轮机跳闸............................................................747.4.3发变组跳闸............................................................757.4.4DCS失灵..............................................................767.4.5全厂仪用压缩空气失去..................................................787.4.6火灾..................................................................797.4.7RB工况处理...........................................................817.4.8机组负荷骤变、波动....................................................857.4.9机组水汽质量劣化......................................................867.5锅炉设备异常运行及常规事故处理........................................907.5.1水冷壁泄漏、爆管......................................................907.5.2省煤器泄漏、爆管......................................................917.5.3过热器泄漏、爆管......................................................917.5.4再热器泄漏、爆管......................................................927.5.5尾部烟道二次燃烧......................................................937.5.6主蒸汽温度异常........................................................947.5.7再热蒸汽温度异常......................................................95第3页共393页7.5.8主蒸汽压力高..........................................................957.5.9再热汽压力高..........................................................967.5.10锅炉灭火..............................................................967.5.11锅炉水位高............................................................977.5.12锅炉汽包水位低或缺水..................................................997.5.13锅炉给水异常..........................................................997.5.14炉膛压力高...........................................................1007.5.15炉膛压力低...........................................................1017.6汽轮机异常运行及常规事故处理.........................................1017.6.1汽轮机超速...........................................................1017.6.2汽轮发电机组振动大...................................................1027.6.3轴承损坏.............................................................1037.6.4叶片损坏.............................................................1047.6.5大轴弯曲.............................................................1057.6.6轴向位移增大.........................................................1067.6.7汽轮机进水...........................................................1077.6.8真空下降.............................................................1087.6.9主、再热蒸汽参数异常.................................................1107.6.10润滑油系统工作失常...................................................1107.6.11停机后盘车故障.......................................................1117.6.12主要汽水管道故障.....................................................1127.6.13低周波运行...........................................................1127.6.14调节油压下降.........................................................1127.6.15定子冷却水中断.......................................................1137.6.16发电机进油、水.......................................................1137.6.17定子冷却水导电度高...................................................1147.6.18氢气系统故障.........................................................1147.6.19循环水中断...........................................................1157.7发电机异常和事故处理.................................................1167.7.1发电机过负荷.........................................................1167.7.2发电机三相电流不平衡.................................................1177.7.3发电机TV断线........................................................118第4页共393页7.7.4发电机TA回路故障....................................................1197.7.5发电机振荡或失步.....................................................1207.8励磁系统的异常及事故处理.............................................1207.8.1励磁系统温度异常.....................................................1207.8.2励磁调节装置（AVR）异常..............................................1217.8.3V/F超限.............................................................1217.8.4发电机碳刷打火.......................................................1227.9厂用电系统的异常运行及事故处理.......................................1227.9.1厂用电全部中断处理...................................................1227.9.2厂用电6KV部分中断...................................................1247.9.36KV厂用母线接地......................................错误未定义书签。7.9.4厂用400V母线失压....................................................1247.10变压器的异常运行及事故处理...........................................1258机组主要辅机及系统的运行.............................................1278.1基本规定.............................................................1278.2电动机...............................................................1298.3空气预热器...........................................................1358.4引风机...............................................................1398.5送风机...............................................................1448.6一次风机.............................................................1508.7炉水循环泵...........................................................1568.8制粉系统.............................................................1588.9等离子点火装置.......................................................1698.10密封风机.............................................................1728.11火检冷却风机.........................................................1738.12锅炉吹灰系统.........................................................1748.13燃油系统.............................................................1768.14空压机系统...........................................................1778.15循环水系统...........................................................1808.16凝汽器胶球清洗系统...................................................1848.17开式水系统...........................................................1858.18闭式冷却水系统.......................................................186