数控铲磨床纵向进给系统的设计论文[带图纸].doc

数控铲磨床纵向进给系统的设计摘要铲磨床是滚刀、成型铣刀等复杂刀具的精加工机床。由于传统铲磨床加工精度下降、生产效率低，工人劳动强度大，本设计对传统铲磨床的纵向进给机构进行数控化改造来改善其上述不足之处。通过对目前工厂中传统的铲磨床进行研究，参考数控机床的相关文献，了解铲磨床纵向进给部分的工作原理，并深入分析铲磨床在加工的过程中各个零部件的受力情况，按寿命计算选择了丝杠的尺寸规格，并校核了额定动载荷、传动效率、刚度，最终选择了汉江机床厂生产的滚珠丝杠。通过对主轴受力的分析选择了用推力球轴承承受轴向力，用深沟球轴承承受径向力的形式。导轨的选取参考了汉江机床厂生产的滚动导轨，对导轨的寿命以及额定载荷进行了校核，均能满足要求。电机根据滚珠丝杠的导程计算出的最高转速，和传动过程中的最大转矩选取了富士公司的伺服电机并对转动惯量进行了校核。由于采用了闭环系统，在查阅了光栅尺的相关参数后，选择FAGOR公司的光栅尺能使在规定的行程内定位分辨率达到要求。通过上述设计实现了铲磨床纵向进给系统的数控化改造，满足了加工精度的要求，具有加工稳定可靠，效率高等优点。关键词数控铲磨床纵向进给系统精加工闭环系统IDesignofLongitudinalFeedSystemofCNCReliefGrindingMachineAbstractCNCreliefgrindingmachineisacomplextoolfinishingmachineforhobbingcutter,formedmillcutter.Becausetraditionalreliefgrindingmachinesaccuracyandproductionefficiencyislow,theworkerslaborintensityistoobig.Thepurposeofthenumericalcontrolreformationforthelongitudinalfeedsystemoftraditionalreliefgrindingmachineistoimprovetheperformance.Afterthetraditionalreliefgrindingmachinehadbeenresearchedinthefactoryatpresent,andreferencerelatedliteratureofCNCmachinetools,Thelongitudinalfeedpartofreliefgrindingmachineofworkingprinciple,andindepthanalysisofreliefgrindingmachineintheprocessofmachiningforcesituationofeverypartsandcomponents.Accordingtothelifeofscrew，chosedthesizeofscrew.Andcheckedthedynamicloadrating,transmissionefficiency,stiffness.UltimatelychosetheballscrewproducedbyHanjiangMachineToolFactory.Throughtheanalysisoftheforceactingonthespindle.Athrustballbearingunderaxialforcehadbeenchosed,andadeepgrooveballbearingsbearradialforce.WithreferencetotherollingguideproducedbyHanjiangMachineToolFactory,andcalculatingthelifeofrailandratedload,Allparametersofguidecansatisfiedtherequirements.Accordingtothehighestspeedofthemotorwhichiscalculatedaccordingtotheleadofballscrewandmaximumtorqueoftransmissionprocess,TheservomotorFujiCorphadbeenchosed.Andthemomentofinertiaischecked.Duetotheadoptionoftheclosedloopsystem,therelatedparametersofgratingrulerlookup,ThegratingrulerproducedbyFAGORcompanyhadbeenchosed,whichcansatisfiedthatPositioningresolutionmeettherequirementsstipulatedinthedistance.IIThroughthedesign,ImplementationoftheNCtransformationofreliefgrindingmachinelongitudinalfeedsystem,Itmeetstherequirementofprocessingprecision,andtheprocessingisstableandreliable,highefficiency.KeywordsCNCreliefgrindingmachineLongitudinalfeedsystemFinishmachiningClosedloopsystemIII目录1绪论........................................................................................................................11.1概述.......................................................................................................................11.2数控机床的优点...................................................................................................21.3数控机床的组成...................................................................................................22总体方案设计......................................................................................................62.1机床的运动关系....................................................................................................62.2传动方案的设计...................................................................................................62.2.1丝杠的选型及支撑方式的设计....................................................................62.2.2检系统的选取................................................................................................72.2.3导轨的选定....................................................................................................72.2.4丝杠和电机连接零件的选取........................................................................82.2.5轴承类型的选取............................................................................................83进给伺服系统机械部分计算与校核............................................................93.1滚珠丝杠螺母副的计算和选型..........................................................................93.1.1额定动载荷....................................................................................................93.1.2传动效率校核..............................................................................................113.2轴承的计算和选型.............................................................................................113.2.1推力球轴承的选型......................................................................................113.2.2深沟球轴承的选型......................................................................................123.3丝杠的刚度和稳定性校核.................................................................................133.3.1丝杠的刚度校核.........................................................................................133.3.2稳定性校核..................................................................................................143.4导轨的计算和选型.............................................................................................143.4.1滚动直线导轨副行程长度的寿命..............................................................143.5伺服电机的计算和选型....................................................................................153.5.1电机转速的选取..........................................................................................163.5.2电机转矩的计算..........................................................................................163.5.3转动惯量的校核..........................................................................................173.6编码器的选型....................................................................................................18IV4进给系统机械部分结构设计........................................................................194.1进给伺服系统装配图的设计..............................................................................194.2安装过程中应注意的问题..................................................................................195总结......................................................................................................................21参考文献....................................................................................................................22致谢.........................................................................................................................23毕业设计（论文）知识产权声明.....................................................................24毕业设计（论文）独创性声明..........................................................................25