高剪切式单螺杆挤压机设计说明书[带图纸].doc

编号无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）题目高剪切式单螺杆挤压机设计信机系机械工程及自动化专业学号学生姓名指导教师（职称副教授）2013年5月25日无锡太湖学院本科毕业设计（论文）诚信承诺书本人郑重声明所呈交的毕业设计（论文）高剪切式单螺杆挤压机设计是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的成果，其内容除了在毕业设计（论文）中特别加以标注引用，表示致谢的内容外，本毕业设计（论文）不包含任何其他个人、集体已发表或撰写的成果作品。班级机械94学号0923202作者姓名2013年5月25日II摘要目前膨化食品越来越受到人们的欢迎，而挤压技术在膨化食品中的应用也更加广泛。在挤压机内的面团类食品中的水分由于处于压力之下成液态，然后从模板孔挤出时，过热的水分突然处于常压下，压力突然降低，水分蒸发成水蒸汽，产生伸张的和膨胀，这样使这种产品产生一种低密度轻质的状态。挤压技术作为食品工业中一项非常重要的技术得到更大的发展，现代食品工业用的螺杆挤压机集混合、融合、蒸煮、改性反映、调质、组织化、成型、膨化等多种功能于一身，体现出有利于自动控制、便于灵活转产以及节能、节劳力、节省生产场地等优点。单螺杆挤压机的结构简单、易于加工制造、成本低廉，广泛用于加工各种膨化小吃食品，本设计中设计一台单螺杆挤压机，其特点是高转速，高剪切率，外部无加热和冷却装置，而是利用其高剪切率产生的摩擦热来加热熔融原料使食品原料得到蒸煮熟化，从而生产出松脆可口的膨化谷物食品。设计将从挤压机的传动系统，挤压系统，喂料系统等进行完整的设计。关键词膨化食品挤压技术单螺杆挤压机IVAbstractAtpresentpuffsfoodmoreandmoretoreceivepeopleswelcome.Theextrusiontechnologyinpuffsinfoodtheapplicationtobealsomorewidespread.Inextruderpastaclassfoodmoisturecontentbecauseisinunderthepressuretobecometheliquidstate,Thenwhensqueezesoutfromthetemplatehole,thesuperheatmoisturecontentsuddenlyisinundertheatmosphericpressure,thepressurereducessuddenly,Thepressurereducessuddenly,themoistureevaporationsteam,producespromotesandtheinflation,likethiscausesthisproducttohaveonekindoflowdensitylightqualitycondition.Theextrusiontechnologytookinthefoodindustryanextremelyimportanttechnologyobtainsabiggerdevelopment,Modernfoodindustrialusedscrewrodextruderhavethemix,thefusion,thesteamboiling,themodificationreflected,thequenchingandtempering,theorganization,theformation,puffandsoonmanykindsoffunctions,manifestsisadvantageoustotheautomaticcontrol,isadvantageousforproducesadifferentproductnimblyaswellastheenergyconservation,thefestivallaborforce,savesproducesmeritsandsoonlocation.Thesinglescrewextruderstructuresimple,easytoprocessthemanufacture,thecostisinexpensive,widelyusesinprocessingeachkindtopuffsnackfood,Inthedesigndesignsasinglescrewrodextruder,itscharacteristicisthehighspeed,highcuttingrate,theoutsidedoesnothavetheheatingandthecoolingsystem,butisusesthefrictionheatwhichitshighcuttingrateproducestoheatupthefusingrawmaterialenablefoodrawmaterialtoobtainthesteamboilingcuring,thusproducesthepinecrisplydelicioustopuffgrainfood.Thedesignfromtheextrudertransmissionsystem,theextrusionsystem,willfeedthematerialsystemandsoontocarryontheintegritythedesign.KeywordeuffsfoodextrusiontechnologysinglescrewextruderV目录摘要.....................................................................IIAbstract....................................................................IV目录......................................................................V1绪论......................................................................11.1挤压技术介绍..........................................................11.1.1挤压技术在食品生产中的应用.........................................11.1.2挤压技术在食品生产中的发展状况.....................................11.1.3挤压机生产膨化食品................................................11.1.4挤压膨化原理.......................................................21.2意义、目的、研究范围..................................................21.3本课题在国内外的发展概况及存在的问题......................................................................21.4本课题研究内容........................................................52单螺杆挤压机整体设计方案..................................................62.1挤压机的主要部件.......................................................62.1.1挤压机的供料部件...................................................62.1.2螺杆...............................................................62.1.3机筒...............................................................62.1.4模头及模板.........................................................62.1.5其他...............................................................72.2挤压机的驱动装置.......................................................72.2.1电动机的选用.......................................................72.2.2传动比分配.........................................................83挤压机零部件设计与计算....................................................93.1螺杆的设计............................................................93.1.1螺杆的结构.........................................................93.1.2螺杆各部分参数.....................................................93.2机筒结构设计.........................................................123.3带轮结构设计与计算...................................................124螺杆和机筒强度计算及配合要求.............................................164.1螺杆强度计算.........................................................164.1.1螺杆材料选取......................................................164.1.2螺杆校核计算......................................................164.2机筒强度校核.........................................................185轴承布置与校核计算.......................................................205.1径向轴承.............................................................205.2推力轴承.............................................................21