外文翻译--基于单片机的照明控制系统.doc

TheControlSystemforLightingBasedonSinglechipMicrocomputerWiththerapiddevelopmentofelectronictechnology,thesystemofcontrolbasedonSingle-chipMicrocomputeriswidelyappliedinindustry,agriculture,electricpower,electron,intelligentbuildingandsoon.Microcomputer,asthesubjectandcoreoftheembeddedsystemofcontrol,replacesthetraditionalsystemelectroniccircuit.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentandmaturationoftheintelligentbuildinghaveestablishedthesubstantialfoundationforthepopularizationandapplicationofthecontrolsystemforlightingbasedonsingle-chipmicrocomputer.Thepaperexpatiatesonthedesigningtheoriesandimplementationmethodofthecontrolsystemforlightingbywiredorwirelesscommunications.Takingthedesigningprocessasmainline,itdescribestheprocessofdesigningfromtworespectshardwareandsoftware.Inanotherword,thepaperdescribestheprocessfromthemethodofcircuitdesigningtothesoftwaretechnologyofrealizingthedemandedfunctions.ThehostcontrollerofthecontrolsystemforlightingisbasedonAT89C51single-chipmicrocomputer,andtheauxiliaryonesarebasedonAT89C2051.Thesystemcandomanyjobs,suchaswiredcommunication,wirelessdatatransmitting,controllinganddisplay.Thepaperdescribesthedesigningprocessofthecircuitatlength,including:keyboardandLEDdisplaycircuit,RS485communicationcircuit,wirelesstransmittingcircuit,controlcircuitoflighting,watchdogcircuit,etc.Thedesigningofsoftwaremainlyincludestheseveralprogramming,suchaswiredcommunication,wirelessdatatransmitting,lamplightcontrolling,timedcontrolling,keyboardscanningandLEDdisplaying.ThewiredcommunicationprogrammingfunctionisthatthroughMaster-slavecommunicationmethodbasedonRS485thehostcontrollersendsorderstotheallauxiliarycontrollersoreachone,including:turningonlighting,turningofflighting,regulatingbrightnessoflighting,controllingtimedlighting,etc.Thewirelessdatatransmittingprogrammingfunctionisthatbywirelesstransmitteritrealizeswirelesscontrollingofthelighting,andachievesthefunctionsidenticaltowiredcommunication.Traditionalbuildingautomaticcontrollingsystemonlyincludessuchsubsystems:comprehensivewires,computernetwork,safedefending,firedefendingandclosed-circuitsTVmonitoringsystemsandsoon.Butintherecentyears,withtheeconomicdevelopmentandtheprogressofthescienceandtechnology,peoplehaveputforwardmorehigherdemandsforenergy-conservationoflightinglampsandscientificmanagement,whichmakesthelightingcontrolsystemoftheclassroomhavesuchfunctionsasenergy-conservation,convenience,intelligence,etc.Whatsmore,itcanimprovetheefficiencyoftheworkandstudy,resultinmanykindsoflightingeffects,andimprovethemanagementlevel.Therearethedesignphilosophyofthissystem,operationprincipleofeverychip,andsuchrelevantproblemsasthechoice,makinganddebuggingofthecomponentsandunitcircuitsaboutlightingcontrolsystemofclassroom,whichregardsthemicro-controlunitasthecontrolcoreofthesystem.Thiscontrolsystemissuitableforsuchoccasionsasvariouskindsofmultimediaclassrooms,stationwaitingrooms,offices,etc.Itismainlycomposedoflighteningcontrolunit,movingsensorunit,illuminativesensorunit,handed-controlunit,andsoon.Thetargetofthedesignisintelligentlightening,scientificmanagement,andenergy-conservationandcost-conservation.TheAT89C2051withthefeatureofcheapcosthasbeenusedasthecontrolunitinthewholedesign.Thewholesystemnotonlyhasbeenintroducedinthepaper,butalsohasbeensuccessfullyfinishedwithseriesoftheDaismicro-controlunit.Theexperimentsuggeststhatthisdesigncaneasilycometrueiftheusersdoasthethesis.Soitcanbeusedastheintelligentlightingcontrolsystemoftheuniversitycampus.Whatsmore,itwillaffectbetterifcombiningwithotherintelligentcontrolsystems.LEDSummaryLED(LightEmittingDiode),light-emittingdiode,isasolidstatesemiconductordevices,whichcanbedirectlyconvertedintoelectricitytolight.LEDistheheartofasemiconductorchip,thechipisattachedtooneendofastent,isthenegativeside,theotherendofthepowerofthecathode,theentirechippackagetobeepoxyresin.Semiconductorchipiscomposedoftwoparts,partoftheP-typesemiconductor,itinsidethehole-dominated,theothersideistheN-typesemiconductor,hereismainlyelectronic.Butlinkingthetwosemiconductors,amongthemtheformationofa"PNjunction."Whenthecurrentthroughthewiresroleinthischip,willbepushinge-P,Pzoneintheholewithelectroniccomposite,andthentobeissuedintheformofphotonenergy,andthisistheprincipleofLEDluminescence.Thewavelengthoflightthatisthecoloroflight,isformedbythePNjunctionofthedecisionsofthematerial.LEDhistory50yearsago,peoplehavetounderstandsemiconductormaterialscanproducelightofthebasicknowledge,thefirstcommercialdiodesin1960.EnglishistheLEDlightemittingdiode(LED)acronym,anditsbasicstructureisanelectroluminescentsemiconductormaterials,placedinawirerack,thensealedwithepoxyresinaround,thatis,solidpackage,Therefore,theprotectionoftheinternalbatteriescanplaytheroleofline,sotheseismicperformanceLEDgood.LEDisthecoreoftheP-typesemiconductorandcomponentsoftheN-typesemiconductorchips,theP-typesemiconductorandN-typesemiconductorbetweenatransitionlayer,calledthePNjunction.InsomesemiconductormaterialsinthePNjunction,theinjectionofasmallnumberofcarrier-carrierandthemajorityoftheextratimewillbeintheformoflightenergytorelease,thusthepowertodirectconversionofsolarenergy.PNjunctiononreversevoltage,afewhard-carrierinjection,itisnotluminous.Thisuseofinjectionelectroluminescentdiodesisproducedbytheprincipleoflight-emittingdiodes,commonlyknownasLED.Whenitinapositivestateofthework(thatis,atbothendswithforwardvoltage),thecurrentflowsfromtheLEDanode,cathode,semiconductorcrystalsontheissuefromtheultraviolettoinfraredlightofdifferentcolors,lightandthestrengthofthecurrents.InstrumentsusedforthefirstLEDlightsourceinstructions,butallkindsoflightcoloredLEDlightsintrafficandlargescreenhasbeenwidelyapplied,haveaverygoodeconomicandsocialbenefits.The12-inchredtrafficlightsasanexample,isusedintheUnitedStateshavelonglife,low-efficiency140wattincandescentlampasalightsource,itproduced2,000lumensofwhitelight.Theredfilter,theloss-90percent,only200lumensofredlight.Inthelightofthenewdesign,Lumiledscompanieshave18redLEDlightsource,includingthelossofcircuit,atotalpowerconsumptionof14wattstogeneratethesameopticaleffect.AutomotiveLEDlightsisalsothesourceofimportantareas.Forgenerallighting,peopleneedmorewhitelightsources.The1998whiteLEDsuccessfuldevelopment.ThisistheGaNLEDchipandYttriumAluminumGarnet(YAG)packagetogethercause.GaNchipoftheBlu-ray(p=465nm,Wd=30nm),madeofhigh-temperaturesinteringoftheCe3+YAGphosphorsexcitedbythisBlu-rayafterirradiatingayellow,thepeak550nm.Blue-chipinstalledintheLED-basedWanxingreflectioninthecavity,coveredwitharesinmixedwithYAGthinlayer,about200-500nm.LED-basedtabletsissuedbytheBlu-rayabsorptionpartofthephosphor,thephosphoranotherpartoftheBlu-rayandayellowlightmixed,canbeawhite.Now,theInGaN/YAGwhiteLED,YAGphosphorbychangingthechemicalcompositionofthephosphorlayerandadjustthethicknessofthe3500-10000Kcolortemperaturecanbecoloredwhite.ThisblueLEDthroughthemethodbywhite,constructedsimple,low-cost,hightechnologyismature,sousethemost.Inthe1960s,theuseofscienceandtechnologyworkerssemiconductorPNjunctionofTheprincipleofdevelopingaLEDlight-emittingdiodes.Atthattime,thedevelopmentofLED,thematerialsusedareGaASP,itsluminouscolorisred.Afternearly30yearsofdevelopment,andnowweareveryfamiliarwiththeLED,hasbeensenttored,orange,yellow,green,blue,andothershade.HoweverlightingnecessaryforwhiteLEDlightonlyinrecentyearstodevelop,readersheretotellusaboutlightingwithwhiteLED.