机械外文翻译--数控技术和装备发展趋势及对策.doc

1NumericalcontroltechnologyandequipingdevelopmenttrendandcountermeasureEquipengineeringlevel,levelofdeterminingthewholenationaleconomyofthemodernizeddegreeandmodernizeddegreeofindustry,numericalcontroltechnologyisitdevelopnewdevelopingnewhigh-techindustryandmostadvancedindustrytoequip(suchasinformationtechnologyandhisindustry,biotechnologyandhisindustry,aviation,spaceflight,etc.nationaldefenseindustryindustry)lasttechnologyandgettingmorebasicmostequipment.Marxhaseversaid"thedifferencesofdifferenteconomictimes,donotlieinwhatisproduced,andlieinhowtoproduce,producewithsomemeansoflabor".Manufacturingtechnologyandequipingthemostbasicmeansofproductionthatarethatthemankindproducedtheactivity,andnumericalcontroltechnologyisnowadaysadvancedmanufacturingtechnologyandequipsthemostcentraltechnology.Nowadaysthemanufacturingindustryallaroundtheworldadoptsnumericalcontroltechnologyextensively,inordertoimprovemanufacturingcapacityandlevel,improvetheadaptivecapacityandcompetitivepowertothechangeablemarketofthetrends.Inadditioneveryindustriallydevelopedcountryintheworldalsoclassifiesthetechnologyandnumericalcontrolequipmentofnumericalcontrolasthestrategicmaterialsofthecountry.1DevelopmenttrendofanumericalcontroltechnologyTheapplicationofnumericalcontroltechnologyhasnotonlybroughttherevolutionarychangetomanufacturingindustryofthetradition,makethemanufacturingindustrybecometheindustrializedsymbol,andwiththeconstantdevelopmentofnumericalcontroltechnologyandenlargementoftheapplication,thedevelopmentofsomeimportanttrades(IT,automobile,lightindustry,medicaltreatment,etc.)tothenationaleconomyandthepeopleslivelihoodofhisplaysamoreandmoreimportantrole,becausethedigitizationthatthesetradesneededtoequiphasalreadybeenthemaintrendofmoderndevelopment.Numericalcontroltechnologyintheworldatpresentandequipingthedevelopmenttrendtosee,thereisthefollowingfourrespectinitsmainresearchfocus.1.1Ahigh-speed,highfinishmachiningtechnologyandnewtrendequippedTheefficiency,qualityaresubjavanufacturingtechnology.High-speed,highfinishmachiningtechnologycanraisetheefficiencygreatly,improvethequalityandgradeoftheproducts,shortenproductioncycleandimprovethemarketcompetitivepower.Japancarriesthetechnologicalresearchassociationfirsttoclassifyitasoneofthe52greatmodernmanufacturingtechnologiesforthis,learn(CIRP)toconfirmitasthecentreinthe21stcenturyandstudyoneofthedirectionsininternationalproductionengineering.Inthefieldofcarindustry,produceonesecondwhenbeatsuchasproductionof300,000/vehicleperyear,andmanyvarietyprocessitiscarthatequipkeyproblemthatmustbesolvedoneof；Inthefieldsofaviationandaerospaceindustry,sparepartsofitsprocessingaremostlythethinwallandthinmuscle,rigidityisverybad,thematerialisaluminiumoraluminiumalloy,onlyinasituationthatcutthespeedandcutstrengthverysmallhigh,couldprocessthesemuscles,walls.Adoptlarge-scalewholealuminiumalloymethodthatblank"payempty"makethewingrecently,suchlarge-scalepartsasthefuselage,etc.cometosubstitutealotofpartstoassemblethroughnumerousrivet,screwandotherconnectionway,maketheintensity,rigidityanddependabilityofthecomponentimproved.Allthese,toprocessingandequipingthedemandwhichhasproposedhigh-speed,highpreciseandhighflexibility.1.2Becomethemaintrendofsystematicdevelopmentofcontemporarynumericalcontrolintelligently,openly,networkedlilyThenumericalcontrolequipmentinthe21stcenturywillbesuretheintelligentsystem,theintelligentcontentincludesallrespectsinthenumericalcontrolsystem:Itisintelligentinordertopursuetheefficiencyofprocessingandprocessquality,controlsuchastheself-adaptationoftheprocessingcourse,thecraftparameterisproducedautomatically；Jointheconvenientoneinordertoimprovetheperformanceofurginganduseintelligently,iffeedforwardcontrol,adaptiveoperation,electricalmachineryofparameter,discernloadselectmodels,sinceexactlymakesetc.automaticallyautomatically；Theonesthatsimplifiedprogramming,simplifiedoperatingaspectareintelligent,forinstanceintelligentautomaticprogramming,intelligentman-machineinterface,etc.；Therearecontentofintelligencediagnose,intelligentmonitoring,diagnosisconvenienttobesystematicandmaintaining,etc.Producetheexistingproblemfortheindustrializationofsolvingthetraditionalnumericalcontrolsystemsealingandnumericalcontrolapplicationsoftware.Alotofcountriescarryonresearchtotheopennumericalcontrolsystematpresent,suchasNGCofU.S.A.(TheNextGenerationWork-Station/MachineControl),OSACAofEuropeanCommunity(OpenSystemArchitectureforControlwithinAutomationSystems),OSEC(OpenSystemEnvironmentforController)ofJapan,ONC(OpenNumericalControlSystem)ofChina,etc.Thenumericalcontrolsystemmeltsto3becomethefuturewayofthenumericalcontrolsystemopen.Theso-calledopennumericalcontrolsystemisthedevelopmentofthenumericalcontrolsystemcanbeonunifiedoperationplatform,facethelatheproducerandenduser,throughchanging,increasingorcuttingoutthestructuretarget(numericalcontrolfunction),formtheseriation,andcanuseusersspeciallyconvenientlyandthetechnicalknow-howisintegratedinthecontrolsystem,realizetheopennumericalcontrolsystemofdifferentvariety,differentgradefast,formleadingbrandproductswithdistinctdistinction.Systemstructurenormoftheopennumericalcontrolsystematpresent,communicationnorm,disposingnorm,operationplatform,numericalcontrolsystematicfunctionstorehouseandnumericalcontrolsystematicfunctionsoftwaredeveloping,etc.Isthecoreofpresentresearch?2PairsofbasicestimationsoftechnologyandindustrydevelopmentofnumericalcontrolofourcountryThetechnologyofnumericalcontrolofourcountrystartedin1958,thedevelopmentcourseinthepast50yearscanroughlybedividedinto3stages:Thefirststageisfrom1958to1979,namelycloseddevelopingstage.Inthisstages,becausetechnologyofforeigncountriesblockadeandbasicrestrictionoftermsofourcountry,thedevelopmentofnumericalcontroltechnologyiscomparativelyslow.During"SixthFive-YearPlanPeriod”,“theSeventhFive-YearPlanPeriod"ofthecountryinsecondstageandearlierstagein"theEighthFive-YearPlanPeriod",namelyintroducetechnology,digestandassimilate,thestageofestablishingthesystemofproductiondomesticizationarisesingtentatively.Atthisstage,becauseofreformandopening-upandnationalattention,andstudytheimprovementofthedevelopmentenvironmentandinternationalenvironment,research,developmentandallmakingconsiderableprogressinproductiondomesticizationoftheproductsofthetechnologyofnumericalcontrolofourcountry.Thethirdstageisandduringthe"NinthFive-YearPlanPeriod"onthelaterstagein“theEighthFive-YearPlanPeriod"ofthecountry,namelyimplementtheresearchofindustrialization,entermarketcompetitionstage.Atthisstage,madesubstantiveprogressinindustrializationofthedomesticnumericalcontrolequipmentofourcountry.Inlatterstagefor"theNinthFive-YearPlan",thedomesticoccupationrateofmarketofthedomesticnumericalcontrollatheisupto50%,itisupto10%tootomixthedomesticnumericalcontrolsystem(popular).Makeageneralsurveyofthedevelopmentcourseinthepast50yearsof4technologyofnumericalcontrolofourcountry,especiallythroughtacklingkeyproblemsof4Five-YearPlans,allinallhasmadefollowingachievements.a.Haveestablishthefoundationofthetechnicaldevelopmentofnumericalcontrol,hasmasteredmodernnumericalcontroltechnologybasically.Ourcountryhasalready,thenumericalcontrolhostcomputer,basictechnologyofspecialplaneandfittingsgraspedanddrivenfromthenumericalcontrolsystemandservolybasicallynow,amongthemmosttechnologyhavealreadypossessedandcommercializedthefoundationdeveloped,sometechnologyhasalready,industrializationcommercialized.b.Haveformedtheindustrialbaseofnumericalcontroltentatively.Intacklingkeyproblemsthefoundationthattheachievementandsometechnologycommercialize,setupthesystematicfactoriesofnumericalcontrolwithproductioncapacityinbatchessuchasnumericalcontrolinCentralChina,numericalcontrolofthespaceflightetc.ElectricalmachineryplantofLanzhou,suchfactoryandthefirstmachinetoolplantofBeijing,thefirstmachinetoolplantofJinan,etc.severalnumericalcontrolhostcomputerfactoriesofabatchofservosystemsandservoelectricalmachineriesasthenumericalcontrolinCentralChina,etc.Thesefactorieshaveformedthenumericalcontrolindustrialbaseofourcountrybasically.Watchfromworld,estimateroughlyasfollowsabouttheengineeringlevelofnumericalcontrolofourcountryandindustrializationlevel.a.Ontheengineeringlevel,inprobablybackward10-1yearswiththeadvancedlevelinforeigncountries,itisbiggerinhigh-qualityprecisionandsophisticatedtechnology.b.Ontheindustrializationlevel,theoccupationrateofmarketislow,thevarietycoveragerateislittle,havenotformedthelarge-scaleproductionyet；Thespecializedlevelofproductionoffunctionpartandabilityofformingacompletesetarerelativelylow；Appearancequalityisrelativelypoor；Dependabilityisnothigh,thecommercializeddegreeisinsufficient；Onesownbrandeffectthatthedomesticnumericalcontrolsystemhasnotbeensetupyet,usershaveinsufficientconfidence.Itisanalysedthatthemainreasonforhavingabove-mentioneddisparityhasthefollowingseveralrespect.a.Realizetherespect.Knowtoindustrysprocessarduousness,complexityandlong-termcharacteristicofdomesticnumericalcontrolinsufficiently；Itisdifficulttounderestimatetoaddstrangling,system,etc.totheunstandard,foreignblockadeof