外文翻译--LED的发展前景和现状.doc

英文原文TheforegroundofdevelopmentandstatusofLEDLEDdoomeditshugemarketwilldevelopintoahugeindustry.Overall,thedomesticindustryintermsofsizehasbeenunsatisfactory,thetypicalcaseistheintegratedcircuitindustryandtheLCDpanelindustry,thedomesticICindustryisnowtailbetweenitspeople,LCDpanelindustryisriddledwithillness,technologycomplex,largeinvestmentandaweakinfrastructureisthemainreason,whiletheLEDindustrywillbreakthecurse,andcanbringabouttheupgradingofindustries,suchasthedomesticindustryinLCDdriverchipssimplydonotdrive,becausetheLCDpanelindustryoutofthecountry,supportbecauseofhugemarket,LEDDriverICisexpectedtoflourishinthecountrytopromotedomesticenterprisesbiggerandstronger,whichinturnwillpromotethedomesticLCDdriverchiporotherchip-drivendevelopment.ChinasLEDindustryiscurrentlyadisadvantageliesinthefactthataLEDproductsofdomesticenterprisesandoverseastechnicallevelthereisacertaingapinthepursuitofhigh-endcustomersatadisadvantage；Second,thedomesticICmanufacturingbasecomparedtoJapan,KoreaandTaiwan,thesestrongLEDweakareas,chipmanufacturingcapacity,technologicallevelandpoorexternalsupportofsomematerials,thelearningcurvelongerwilltakesometimetocultivate；Third,thesizeofthedomesticLEDbusinessisstillrelativelysmall,mostofthemdidnotexceed100kk/monthlyenergy(bluegreen),thisstateofaffairsinthenexttwoyearswillbeimproved；four,domesticR&Dconcentratedinuniversitiesandresearchinstitutes,productionintheenterprises,thelackofR&Dresultsoftherapidindustrializationoftheconversionmechanism,whichshouldbelearnfromTaiwansIndustrialTechnologyResearchInstituteofthetechnicalachievementsthelicensingmechanismtospeeduptheconversionrateoftechnologicalachievementsandscientificresearchinstitutescannotbefortheirownindustryratherthantheoutcomeofthelatesttechnologyandtimelytransfertoindustry,theGovernmentshouldregulatethedevelopmentofrelevantpolicy-relatedbehavior；fivedomesticlackofcorepatents,inparticularrelatedtotheindustryinthelong-termdevelopmentoftheBlu-raycorepatentsandpatentlackofwhitelight,whichwillenablelong-termdevelopmentofdomesticindustriestofunction.Atthisstage,Chinaslocalenterprises,mainlyintheinitialstage,smallercompanies,theownerofthemanufacturersdonotposeathreattothepatent,thepatentproblemisnotprominent.However,withthedevelopmentandexpansionofdomesticenterprises,oncethescaletoacertainextent,the"goingout"developmentstrategy,willbecomeapotentialpatentissues.Atpresent,thedomesticenterprisestogrowbigger,toimproveproductqualityandtechnicallevelofthemostimportanttaskistoimprovethefuturelicensingcompaniesaskingpriceatthetime,ortograduallybreakthroughthecoreofR&Dpatents.WebelievethattheLEDindustryinChinahasgoodprospectsfordevelopment,basedonthefollowingpoints:First,intermsofthetechnology,LEDtechnologyhasthebottleneckofhighgrowth,low-thresholdcharacteristicsofthestudy,thedomesticlong-termaccumulationinthesemiconductorfieldofresearchresourcescanbeusefulwithagoodbasisforfurtherstudy.Althoughthemanufacturingofintegratedcircuitsbasedonweak,relativelylowtechnologicallevel,butsomedomesticenterprisestojoinoverseastechnicalpersonnel,continuetomakebreakthroughsintechnology,technologicallevelofdomesticenterpriseswithgoodcompanieswiththetechnologicallevelofTaiwanorlessthesameaswithinternationalcompaniesasawholehasbeennarrowingthegap；Second,LEDinvestedrelativelysmallinitialinvestmentwillbe100millionplant,thedomesticenterprisestoenterthethresholdofthelow,easytoachievearollingdevelopmentandmanufactureofintegratedcircuitsandliquidcrystalpanelmanufacturerseasilytotensofbillionsofbillionsofyuanininvestmentitis"insignificant"easieraccesstothedomesticenterprisestoformindustrialclusters,ofcourse,mayalsoleadtoviciouscompetitionandtoacertainstageofdevelopmentofmarketintegration；Third,thedomesticmarketgreat,LEDmarketisthenextmajorgenerallightingmarket,themarketcapacity,end-consumermarket,scatteredanddifficulttoformamonopoly,avastlivingspaceofdomesticenterprises；Fourth,somecompanieshaveacoreofintellectualpropertyrights,suchascrystallinesiliconphotovoltaicsubstratecanGaN-rayprojects,DalianRoad,theareaoftheUnitedStatesandthecoreofthechiptechnology,hasglobalcompetitivenessoftheseenterprisesontechnologydevelopmentinthedemonstrationeffecteasytoformandpromotethehealthygrowthofthedomesticbusinessmarket；five,aftermaturityofthetechnology,LEDdownstreampackaginganddevicesarelabor-intensiveproduction,thedevelopmentofthemainlandwiththelaborcostadvantage.ThedevelopmentprocessfromtheLEDindustry,theglobalsalesofLEDaccordingtothemarketiscurrentlythelargestmobilephonebacklightmarket,withmobilephonesalesgrowthslowingdown,aswellastheOLEDscreenonthemobilephoneTFT-LCDscreentoenhancethepenetrationoftheglobalgrowthrateoftheLED.Technologicalprogressasaresultofcostreductioninthecurrent(andevenpre-2010)isnotenoughtoallowfullaccesstogeneraluseLEDlightingmarket,globalgrowthwillbethenextnotebook,LCDTVbacklighting,andautomotivemarketswiththecarinteriorlampbacklightmarket.AstheworldstopfiveLCDpanel(LGPhilips,Samsung,AUO,CMOandSharp)inahighlevelofLEDtechnology,largeproductioncapacityinJapan,TaiwanandSouthKorea,domesticonlyBOE,polishelectricityandtheFiveDragonPVpanelsofthreelines,the4.5-generationShanghaiTianmaproductionlinewillbeabletoafterthedemandforLEDbacklighting,buttheoveralldemandisnotdominant,thedomesticenterprisestoentertheLCDpanelbacklightLEDsupplychainproceedsshouldnotbetoolargebacklitpanelwithmobilephonemarketisquitesimilar.ApplicationoftheChinesemarketatthisstagemainlyinthearchitecturallighting,indoorandoutdoordisplay,basedontheabovereasons,themainforceofthenextwavemaybepresentinthesemarkets,butinmobilephones,smallsizeLCDbacklight,automobilepenetrationwillincrease,andsomescatteredmarketssuchasspeciallightingwillopenupevenmore(thecostofspeciallightingrequirementsforgenerallightingisnotsoharsh).Afterthereplacementofafewyearsago,LEDtrafficlightsisverypopular,astheLEDslifeislonger,theshorttermitisverydifficulttoreplaceintheeventoflarge-scalework,whichmakestheLEDtrafficlightsforaperiodoflowdemandperiod；alargedomesticsedanmarket,buthigher,certificationcyclelength,aslongasthereisexcellentproductquality,domesticmotorvehiclelightsLEDbacklightingandaverylargemarketdemandandgrowthindemandinthismarketisrelativelystable；andLEDdisplayitseasytoassemble,lowpowerconsumption,highbrightness,etc.hasbeenwidelyappliedtothebanking,securities,squares,railwaystations,sportsvenues,thefutureofthismarketthereisstillgreatpotentialforgrowth；intheOlympicGames,WorldExpo,anumberofcitynightdemonstrationeffectoftheproject,ledbyNationalSemiconductorLightingProject,aswellasthemanyfavorablefactors,suchasthepromotionof,thearchitecturallightingmarketisstillabroadprospect.Generallyspeaking,anumberoflargeinternationalcompaniesfocusedonhigh-end,moreconcentratedtargetmarkets"ready"market,aswellasgenerallightingofthehugepotentialmarket,andsomeoftheproductswillberelativelylowtechnicalrequirementsthatthefuturecontrolofthedecentralizednatureofthemarketsoweakoutofhandbecauseofitslargenumberofpatents,donotworryaboutthefuturewasoutofthemarketatthisstagenottopursueproductioncapacity(permonthtoNichia500kk,ToyodaGoseiandCreewere350kkand300kk),andfocusontechnologytoleadthemarkettrend,Whenthetechnologyismatureenoughtobethesizeofthemarketintothegenerallighting,itisestimatedthatitsproductioncapacitywillberapidlyandatthesametimetoreduceexternallicensing.This"center-periphery"ofthecompetitionisexpectedtomaintainalongperiodoftime.Atpresent,themajormanufacturersintheMainlandmarket,ifthefearofchipexportswillencountertwochallenges:First,largeinternationalcompaniesinpatentlitigation(mainlyblueandwhite),infact,aslongasacertainsize,regardlessoftheexportandwhetherthepatentwillencounterchallenges,buttheexportofpatentlitigationismorelikelythatanumberof；Second,thecompetitivenessofotherexternalvendors,especiallymanufacturersinTaiwan,Taiwanstraditionalmanufacturersfollowedtheirstrategy-andtechnologytotracktheinternationalcompanies,atthesametimestronglyimproveproductivity,reducecostsandproductioncapacityinTaiwantheworldsfirstchip,thereareanumberofotherindustriessuchasthegiantHonHai,theMau,thetotalbeinggoodtoenterthisarea,caninfluencethefutureofTaiwanLEDchipglobalmarketpricefluctuations.Giventhehugedomesticmarketdemand,domesticchipplants,evenifitcanrelyonthedomesticmarketofthedevelopmentofanadequate,ifthephotovoltaiccompaniesoverseasunlimitedaccesstodomesticmarkets,domesticcompanieswillfacecontinuedcompetitivepressures,whichinthelong-termdomesticenterprisesisaverynegativestatement.LEDindustryisgrowingatthisstage,butalsothelayoutoftheLEDmakersaviewofdomestic,foreigninvestmentintheMainlandtoenjoytaxincentives,domesticenterprisestocompeteinanunequalpositiontoenterthedomesticmarkettoforeigninvestorsshouldbeencouragedtosetupfactoriesinChinatoengageinoutreach,chipcoretechnology,suchasenterprises,theseenterprisescanpromotepersonneltrainingandraisingtheoverallskilllevel；shouldbelimitedtothosepackagesinthecountry,epitaxial,chip,suchaspartofthecoretechnologyfortheoccupationintheforeignmarketfromtheenterprise,Oncesuchabusinesscardinallcoreareas,andlocalenterprisesdonotenjoythebenefitsoftechnologicalprogress,developmentandlimitedspace,Iamafraidtheywillscrambletorelyonpricewar,notsohardtocurryfavorwiththeirownthing,sodealwithonlypartofthecurrentpackageinChinatolimitforeigninvestment,suchasimporttariffsleviedonthechip.Fromthepatentlitigationisconcerned,itsnotterrible,aslongasourmaincompetitors,havetopay,westillcompeteinthesamestartingline,TaiwansmajorinvolvingtheblueandwhiteLEDchipfactoryinthegrowthprocesshaveexperiencedlitigationLED,reachedasettlementintheproceedingstoobtainpatents,continuetogrow.Thebestresponseistodoatthisstagealarge-scale,accesstopatents,whileatthesametimestrengthenitsownR&Dtoimprovethepatentlitigationinthebargainingpowerforcross-licensing.Domesticenterprisesintermsofsize,XiamenSananmayusherinthegrowthofthefirst"baptism."Thefutureindustrialcompetitivenesswilldependontwoaspects,firstly,technology,includingtoimprovelight-emittingefficiencyandlowerthecostoftechnologytoimprovepowerdevicetechnology,thedirectionoftheroadthereisanextensionofexistingtechnology,butalsopossibleroutesofnewtechnologies；alsoincludingaccesstohigh-qualitytechnologyproducts,aswellasexternalsystemssuchaslightingdesignandtechnology-drivenchipdesign；Second,thescale,ontheonehand,duetolargescaletoreducecosts,themarketstrongbargainingpower；Ontheotherhand,compoundswithICwafermanufactureofsiliconusedisverydifferent,evenifanextensiononthesameproductionoutofthechipperformancemaybequitedifferent,whichrequirerelativelyhighconsistencyofapplicationareas(suchasatypicalLCDbacklight),theextensionofanThereisonlyapartoftomeettherequirements,butlarge-scaleenterprises,thenumberoflevelsofmarketstructure,canbeinconsistentwiththerequirementsofaparticularmarketdeploymentofchipproductstoanothermarket,thecompanystotaloutputtoincreasetheefficiencyofthefull.LEDindustryabrightfuture,butonlyintheabove-mentionedtwoaspectsoftheindustrysleadingenterpriseisthefutureking.Conclusion:Companycommented,domesticenterprisesshouldbeconcernedaboutwhat?InthewholeLEDindustrychainandenterprisesconcerned?Fromtheoveralldevelopmentprocess,thefivecompaniesmostinvestmentvalue.Aclassofintellectualpropertyrightsisacorebusiness.Roomforthedevelopmentofsuchenterprisesinthemostbroad-baseddomestictoNanchangUniversityestablishedajointprivateequityfundisthecrystalcanbeatypicalrepresentativeofphotoelectric,photoelectriccrystalcanbemadeofsilicon-basedGaNepitaxialBlu-raytechnologytotheworldstopthreeblueLightoneprocesstechnologytobreakthroughforeignpatentsNichiaandCreeblockade,thecompanyissetupnearthecurrentleveloftheindustryneedtobeinspected；anotherLumingforDalian,thecompanythroughtheacquisitionofAmericanLEDchipmanufacturerstomakechipsAXTtechnologyincreases,accesstomorethan40patentedcoretechnologies,aswellasthetechnicalteam.Inaddition,DalianLumingengagedinrareearthsincetheoriginallight-emittingmaterial,whiteinthesynthesisoffluorescentpowderusedintheproductionofanedge,isoneoftheworldproductionofonlyafewcanproducelight-emittinglight-emittingmaterialscanchipbusiness.Moreover,thepossibilityofR&DLumingnewrare-earthfluorescentpowder,breakthroughNichia,Osramwhitelighttechnology,suchaspatents,forthedomesticindustryintothegeneralLEDlightingbreakthroughinthelastbarriers!WhiteLEDlightingaslongasthetwomajor"stumblingblock"-Blu-raypatentandwhitepatenttomakeabreakthrough,thedomesticLEDindustryabrightfutureaheadfortherestofthedomesticindustryistotesttheabilityoftheindustry.Otherenterprisestodobusinessinthechipindustrymoresuccessful.Tocarryouttheactualchipdesignandprocessingofgreenextension,hasacertainscale,andaremainlyconcentratedintheXiamensun,DalianRoad,theUnitedStatesofAmerica(Lumingsubsidiary),severalcompaniesatpresentproductionscaleandLEDRayonlyshamanXiamen.Xiamen,Taiwan-MOCVD12shaman,redchips1000KKpermonth,bluechip