外文翻译--播种机历史及简介.doc

黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计1附录SeederhistoryandintroductionhefirstcenturyB.C.,Chinahasgood,thisistopromotetheuseoftheworldsearliestdrillmachine,todayisstillinthenorthofequalapplications.1636inGreecefirstTaiwanmachinemade.In1830,russiansinlivestockHuaLimoreonLiBomachinemade.1860yearslater,thecountriessuchasBritainandstartedmassproductionworkgrainsuitabledrill.Afterthe20thcenturyhaveappearedtractionandhangingdrillmachine,andtheuseofgrainstrengthofthemachine.50sdevelopmentprecisionmachine.Chinafromthe1950stointroducegrainsuitabledrill,cottonmachine,etc.60shasdevelopedintoasuspensiontypegrainmachine,centrifugalmachine,universalframeandgassuctionstylesuchasmachinemachineDuoZhongtype,andgrindinglinestothedevelopmentofthedevice.Inthe70s,hasformedtheseedingmachinegeneralmachineandgrainjointseedertwoseries,andhasdevelopedprecisionmachine.EuropefirstTaiwanmachinemadein1636inGreece.In1830,therussiansinlivestockHuaLimoreonthesowingdeviceLiBomachinemade.Britain,theUnitedStatesandothercountriesin1860yearslaterstartedmassproductionworkgrainsuitabledrill.20centurieslaterperiod,thereappearedthetractionandhangingdrillmachine,andtheuseofgrainstrengthofthemachine.In1958,NorwayappearfirstTaiwancentrifugalmachine,50sgraduallydevelopedallkindsofprecisionmachine.Chinainthe1950sintroducedfromabroadgrainsuitabledrill,cottonmachine,the60sandhassuccessfullydevelopedsuspensiontypegrainmachine,centrifugalmachine,universalframeandgassuctionstylesuchasmachinemachineDuoZhongmodels,andhasdevelopedgrindinglinesofthedevice.Inthe70s,hasformedtheseedingmachinegeneralmachineandgrainjointseedertwoseriesandproduction.Forgrainandintertillagecrops,grasses,andallkindsofvegetableswithsuitabledrillandXueBomachinearealreadywidelyused.Atthesametime,alsohasdevelopedDuoZhongprecisionmachine.黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计2Cornisuniform,sowingmachinedepthisconsistent,stable,coverearthgoodrowspacing,saveseeds,workefficiencyhighercharacteristic.Thecorrectuseofmachineshouldpayattentiontothefollowingpoints:master101inthemaintenanceofthefieldbeforeoperationtocleanupthetrashandsowingthedeviceontheopenditchthewindinggrass,clay,ensuregoodcondition,andthetractorsandthetransmission,therotationofthemachineparts,accordingtotherequirementsofthemanualfillinglubricatingoil,especiallyeverytimebeforeoperationshouldpayattentiontothetransmissionchainlubricationandatightsituationonthefasteningboltsandsowing.2framecanttiltseederandtractorstohookupmaynotbetilt,workshouldmakeframeastatelevelbeforeandafter.3dowelladjustedaccordingtotheinstructionsoftherulesandregulationsofthemainrequirements,therate,openditchisthespaced,openditchcrackdownonthedepthofthewheelturnsthesoilsuitable.4attentionandgoodseedtojointheseedsofseeds,wherethereisnoboxsmall,Bi,miscellaneous,toensuretheeffectivenessoftheseeds；Secondseedboxwithkindofquantityofatleasttoaddtothatcovertheboxofentrance,inordertoensurethesmooth.5testbroadcaststoensurethequalityofthelargearea,seededbeforesowing,mustholdtotestbroadcasts20meters,observethemachinework.Pleaseagriculturaltechnologypersonnel,localfarmersconsultation,testingconfirmedthatmeetlocalagriculturaldemands,andthencarryonlargeareasown.6noteofuniformlineardrivingNongJiShouchoosetheassignmentwalkingroutes,shouldguaranteeandkindofandmechanicalinandoutofconvenience,plantingtimetopayattentiontomoreuniformlyandinastraightline,line,notfastandsloworstoptheleak,lestthereplay,broadcast；Topreventtheopenditchjams,theriseandfallofmachinetoareonthemarch,whenturningbackoroperationshouldbefiledseeder.7wasthefirstoutfirstbroadcasttorollingout,out,washardbydeeptooshallow.8oftenobservedplantingtimeconstantobservationofthedevice,openditchdevice,thecoverandtransmissionswork,suchastheclogging,clay,windinggrass,seedcoverlax,shallberuledoutintime.Adjustment,repair,lubricationorcleaningthewindinggrass,etc,mustbeinafterparking.9protectpartsofthemachinework,itisstrictlyprohibitedtoscalebackorsharpturnandtheascensionofthemachineshouldsloworland,lestattaintparts.黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计310noteseedboxwhentheseedsofthehomeworkseedshallbenotlessthan1/5oftheseedcasevolume；Transportationortransferintheplot,whentheseedshallnotbeequippedwithseeds,themorecanpackotherweight.Cornseedertroubleshooting1thedevicenotdischarge.Themainreasonisthetransmissiongearmeshing,ornoshaftheadtherowgearsquareholetowear,theadjustment,maintenanceorreplacement.2individualthedevicedoesnotwork.Thereasonistheindividualtheboxseedthescaffoldingorthedevicetobesundrycongestion,mouthshouldcleanupsundry；Theshaftandindividualthetankroundofconnectionpinbroken,shouldbereplacedpins；Individualtheboxofplug-inboardsshouldnotopen,pullopenplug-inboards.3thedevicetotheindividual,butagroovenoseed.Thereasonistheopenditchorlosejam(occursinpipebylandwheeloftheopenditchdeviceon),shouldbeclear,formingandtakecorrespondingmeasurestopreventsundryfallintotheopenditch.4theconstantly,outofcontrol.Thereasonistheseparationofthepolesclutchfallofforseparationclearancesalesistoosmall,andshouldbeputonpinsandtolock,oradjusttheseparationclearance.5theintermittent,seedednotdivideevenly.Thereasonistransmissiongearsmeshclearanceistoolarge,gearsliding,shouldbeadjusted；Theclutchspringbounceistooweak,geartoski,shouldbeadjustedorreplacethespring.黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计4播种机历史及简介公元前1世纪，中国已推广使用耧，这是世界上最早的条播机具，今仍在北方旱作区应用。1636年在希腊制成第一台播种机。1830年俄国人在畜力多铧犁上制成犁播机。1860年后，英美等国开始大量生产畜力谷物条播机。20世纪后相继出现了牵引和悬挂式谷物条播机，以及运用气力排种的播种机。50年代发展精密播种机。中国从20世纪50年代引进了谷物条播机、棉花播种机等。60年代先后研制成悬挂式谷物播种机、离心式播种机、通用机架播种机和气吸式播种机等多种类型，并研制成磨纹式排种器。到70年代，已形成播种中耕通用机和谷物联合播种机两个系列，同时研制成功了精密播种机。欧洲第一台播种机于1636年在希腊制成。1830年，俄国人在畜力多铧犁上加装播种装置制成犁播机。英、美等国在1860年以后开始大量生产畜力谷物条播机。20世纪以后相继出现了牵引和悬挂式谷物条播机，以及运用气力排种的播种机。1958年挪威出现第一台离心式播种机，50年代以后逐步发展各种精密播种机。中国在20世纪50年代从国外引进谷物条播机、棉花播种机等，60年代先后研制成功悬挂式谷物播种机、离心式播种机、通用机架播种机和气吸式播种机等多种机型,并研制成功了磨纹式排种器。到70年代,已形成播种中耕通用机和谷物联合播种机两个系列并投入生产。供谷物、中耕作物、牧草、蔬菜用的各种条播机和穴播机都已得到推广使用。与此同时，还研制成功了多种精密播种机。大豆播种机的使用方法大豆播种机具有播种均匀、深浅一致、行距稳定、覆土良好、节省种子、工作效率高等特点。正确使用播种机应注意掌握以下10要点：1进田作业前的保养要清理播种箱内的杂物和开沟器上的缠草、泥土，确保状态良好，并对拖拉机及播种机的各传动、转动部位，按说明书的要求加注润滑油，尤其是每次作业前要注意传动链条润滑和张紧情况以及播种机上螺栓的紧固情况。