外文翻译--数控加工工艺.doc

英文原文CNCMachiningProcessFirst,ourcountryshistoryofthedevelopmentofnumericalcontrolsystem1.Ourcountrysince1958,byagroupofresearchinstitutes,collegesanduniversitiesandafewstartedtoCNCMachineToolPlantoftheresearchanddevelopmentsystem.Atthattime,duetothelowlevelofdomesticelectroniccomponents,suchasthedepartmentofeconomicconstraints,lackofalargerdevelopment.2.Inthereformandopeningup,Chinasnumericalcontroltechnologygraduallyachievesubstantialdevelopment.After658185yearstheintroductionofforeigntechnology,758690yearsofthedigestionandabsorptionandtheEighthFiveYearPlan91195yearsNationalOrganizationofscientificandtechnological,thatmakesourcountrysCNCtechnologyhasaqualitativeleapinacceptanceatthattime,throughresearchandidentificationofcountryproductsincludingBeijingEverestsChineseI,centralChinascentralNCIandafewhighendShenyangNationalEngineeringResearchCenterforControlofBlueI,aswellasotherthroughtheNationalQualitySupervisionandTestCentermachinetestNCsystemofqualifieddomesticcompaniessuchasNanjing,fourproducts.3.ChinasCNCmachinetoolmanufacturingindustryinthe80shadthestageofrapiddevelopment,manymachinetoolplantproductsfromtraditionalproductstotheNCtransition.But,generallyspeaking,thetechnologicallevelisnothigh,thequalityofthepoor,sointheearly90sfacingthecountryseconomyfromaplannedeconomytoamarketeconomyandadjustthetransferwentthroughthemostdifficultyearsoftheDepressionperiod,theproductioncapacityatthattimedownto50,morethanfourmonthinventory.From1995,NinthFiveYearPlantoexpanddomesticdemandfromthecountryafterthemachinetoolmarkettostart,soastoreinforcetheapprovalofimportsofCNCequipment,investmentfocusedonsupportforkeynumericalcontrolsystem,equipment,technologiesofCNCequipmenthasplayedasignificantrole,especiallyin1999,thecountrysdefenseindustrytocivilianindustryandthekeytoputtinginalotoftechnicaldepartmentfunds,toenableCNCequipmentmanufacturermarketthriving.Three,CNCTechnologyandEquipmentofcarscutCNCLatheMachiningLathetechnologyandprocessingtechnologysimilarto,butbecauseofCNClatheisafixture,forautomaticprocessingofallfinishturningprocess,whichshouldpayattentiontothefollowingaspects.1.Areasonableselectioncuttingforthehighefficiencymetalcuttingprocessing,theprocessedmaterials,cuttingtools,cuttingconditionsisthethreemajorelements.Thesedeterminetheprocessingtime,toollifeandprocessingquality.Costeffectiveprocessingmethodsmustbeareasonablechoiceofthecuttingconditions.Threeelementsofcuttingconditionscuttingspeed,feedrateandcuttingdepthofthedamagedirectlycausedbythetool.Withtheincreaseincuttingspeed,tooltiptemperaturewillrisewillhavemechanical,chemical,thermalwearandtear.20increaseincuttingspeedtoollifewillreducethe1/2.Feedconditionsandtherelationshipbetweentoolwearandtearatthebackofaverysmallareaof.However,thefeedrate,cuttingtemperaturerise,wearbigbehind.Thantheimpactofcuttingspeedontoolsmall.Depthofcutonthetoolsdidnotaffectthecuttingspeedandfeedrate,butatsmallcuttingdepthofcutwhencuttingmaterialshavebeenhardenedlayer,whichwillaffectthetoollife.Theuserisprocessedaccordingtothematerial,hardness,cuttingstatus,materialtype,feedrate,cuttingdepth,suchastheoptionofusingthecuttingspeed.Themostappropriateselectionsofprocessingconditionsareatthebasisofthesefactorsisselected.Haverules,stability,wornandtearistoachievetheidealconditionsforlife.However,inactualoperation,theselectiontoollifeandtoolwear,thesizeofchangesinprocessing,surfacequality,cuttingnoise,heatprocessingandsoon.Indeterminingtheprocessingconditionsrequiredtostudytheactualsituation.Theheatresistantalloyssuchasstainlesssteelandhardmaterials,thecoolantcanbeusedbesttouserigidblade.2.Reasonableselectiontool1whenrough,itisnecessarytochoosehighstrength,gooddurabilitytool,inordertomeettheroughknifewheneatinglargebackvolume,thefeedrequirements.2Finecar,itisnecessarytochoosehighprecision,durabilitygoodtooltoensurethattherequirementsofmachiningaccuracy.3Inordertoreducetoolchangetimeandconvenienceoftheknifeshouldbeusedmachinesandmachinefolderknifeblade.3.AreasonableselectionFixture1Generalselectiontrytheworkpiececlampingfixturetoavoidtheuseofadedicatedfixture2positioningthebasepartsoverlapsoastoreducethepositioningerror.4.Todeterminetheprocessingrouteprocessingrouteistheindexcontrolledmachiningprocess,toolpartsrelativetrajectoryanddirectionofSports.1Shouldbeabletoensurethemachiningaccuracyandsurfaceroughnessrequirements2shouldtrytoshortentheprocessingroute,reducingtraveltimeandairknives.5.ProcessingrouteofcontactwithallowanceAtpresent,CNClatheshavenotyetachievedtheuniversalaccesstoconditions,thegeneralshouldbeputontoomuchroughmargin,especiallywithforging,castinghardcushioncortexingenerallatheprocessing.MustbesuchasCNClathe,theneedtopayattentiontoprocessflexibility.6.Fixturetoinstallthemainpointsatpresent,thehydraulicclampingchuckandhydrauliccylinderareconnectedbytherodoftheimplementation,inFigure1.HydraulicclampingchuckasfollowsFirstofall,bymovingonhandtounloadthenuthydrauliccylinder,thedischargeofSLIDE,andbackendfromthespindleout,andthenmovethehandstounloadscrewchuckcanbedisposedofunderthechuck.Four,effectivelyturningareasonableSaveprocessingtimeIndexTurningCentersG200integratedprocessingunitwithamodular,highpowertwoaxislinkageaxisfunction,thusfurthershorteningtheprocessingtime.Withothermeansofjobaxisoppositetotheconceptofclamping,theuseoftheproductcanbeintegratedintelligentprocessingunitinplacesothattheworkpiececlampingandautomaticprocessing.Inotherwords,theautomaticsetupwillnotbeaffectedbytheprocessingofanotheraxis,afeaturethatcanbeshortenedabout10oftheprocessingtime.Inaddition,theFourprocessingveryquickly,youcansimultaneouslyhavetwoprocessingtool.Whenthemachineisputintouseinpairs,theefficiencybecomesmoreapparent.Inotherwords,theconventionalhardturningandsettingtwocarscanparallelmachine.Turningconventionalvehiclesandhardwaredifferencesbetweenthetoolandfocusedonlyinthecoolantsystemthermostat.However,conventionalprocessingisdifferentbothcanbeusedconventionalprocessingandatoolcarrierforprocessingTailstockandhardwarewhenusingatoolonly.Inbothtypesofmachinetoolscanbecarriedoutontheharddryprocessing,onlythemanufacturerstechnologyprogramdesignedtobalancetheneedtobeattime,andIndexofthemodulestructureofmachinetoolstoprovidethemwithgreaterflexibility.Toimprovetheproductivityofhighprecisionwiththecontinuousimprovementofproductionefficiency,theuseralsomadeforaveryhighaccuracyrequirements.TurningCenterG200usedforprocessing,thecoldstartuptofourpartsprocessingrequiredtoachievetolerancesof±6mm.Processingprocess,theaccuracyisusuallymaintainedat2mm.Indexsomadeavailabletothecompanysclientsarehighprecision,highefficiency,theintegrityoftheprogram,andprogramstoprovidesuchhighprecision,requiringcarefulchoiceofspindle,bearingsandotherfeatures.G200TurningCenterLandshut,Germany,BMWcarfactoryintheapplicationofthecompanyachievedgoodresults.Theplantisnotonlytheproductionofengines,butalsobytheproductionofcastlightmetalparts,plasticdecorativeitemsinsidethevehicleandsteeringaxis.Considerthequalityofsupervisorystaff,anditsveryprecisemachiningaccuracytolerancebandsfor±15mm,forbearingtolerance±6.5mm.Inaddition,theprocessingoftheuniversaljointsoftheIndexcompaniesuseautomaticintelligentprocessingunit.Thefirsttwopartsareusedforturningcentersbeforeplayingpreprocessing,postprocessinglinemeasurement,andthensentthroughtheconveyorbeltforhobbling,cleaningandquenchingtreatment.ThelastprocessusingthesecondprocessingsystemIndex.G200TurningCenterbytwosteeringknuckleonthecarbearinghard.Inthemachinetooltocompletetheonlinesurvey,thentothedischargeunit.Processingunitfullyintegratedintothelayoutoftheworkshop,andinlinewithergonomicrequirements,coversanareaofgreatlyreduced,andonlytwostaffmemberstothecustodyofmanufacturingcells.Friday,CNCturningandG00inthemagicaleffectoftheskillstoensuredimensionalaccuracyCNCturningprocessingtechnologyhasbeenwidelyusedinmechanicalmanufacturingindustry,howefficient,reasonable,andcompletedbythequalityoftheworkpiecebytheamountofprocessing,eachengagedinthetradeofengineeringandtechnicalpersonnelmoreorlesshavetheirownexperience.IengagedinCNCteaching,trainingandprocessingformanyyears,accumulatedacertainamountofexperienceandskills,istoCNCEquipmentFactoryGuangzhouGSK980Tseriesofmachinetoolproduction,forexample,introduceafewskillsinCNCturning.First,theprogramfirstsentenceskillsG00WenowhaveaccesstotextbooksandCNCturningtechnicalbooks,proceduresaresetupthefirstsentenceofworkpiececoordinatesystem,thatis,G50XαZβinthefirstsentenceasaprocess.Accordingtothedirective,acoordinatesystemcanbesetsothatthetoolatapointinthiscoordinatesystemascoordinatesXαZβInthispaper,theoriginofworkpiececoordinatesystemaresetattherightendoftheworkpiecesurface.Programmingusingthismethod,theknife,theknifemustbemovedtotheestablishedpositionofG50canbesetforprocessing,identifythelocationoftheprocessisasfollows.1.ofaknife,theroughworkpiececlampinggood2.SpindleistohandroundthebaserightsideknifeflatworkpiecesurfaceA3.Zaxisfixed,thereleaseofthetoolalongtheXaxispointstoC,typeG50Z0,thepointofcomputermemory4.Programentrymode,typeG01W8F50,turningouttobeonestepworkpiece5.Xaxisfixed,thereleaseofthetoolalongtheZaxispointstoC,stopturningoutmeasuringthediameteroftheworkpiecelevelγ,theimportationofG50Xγ,computermemorythatpoint6.Programentrymode,entertheG00XαZβ,programmingtoolrunsthespecifiedproceduretothestartingpoint,andthenentertheG50XαZβ,proceduresfortheoriginofthecomputermemory.Theabovementionedsteps,thestepsthatthetool6atXαZβOfficelocationisessentialotherwise,theworkpiececoordinatesystemwillbemodified,notthenormalprocessingoftheworkpiece.ProcessinghasbeentheexperienceofthepeopleallknowthattheabovepositionwillbethetooltothecumbersomeprocessofXαZβDepartment,intheeventofanaccident,XorZaxiswithoutservo,trackingerror,poweroutageshappen,etc.,thesystemcanrestart,afterrestartsystemlossofG50workpiececoordinatevaluessetbythememory,resetbacktozerorunisnolongerworking,willneedtorerunthetoolandresettoXαZβlocationG50.Ifitisproduction,processing,aftertheEndofareturntothestartingpointforcontinuedprocessingundertheG50is,intheprocesssomeerrorsontheworkpiececoordinatesystemmaybemodified.InviewofthefirstsentenceoftheaboveproceduresusingG50workpiececoordinatesystemsetupmanydefects,IwillwanttoapproachtheworkpiececoordinatesystemfixedonthemachinewillprocessthefirstsentencechangedtoG50XαZβafterG00XαZβ,problemsolved.ThecourseofitsoperationonlytofindG50usingtheabovementionedfivestepprocessbefore,thatis,1,2,3,4,5stepstoachieve,itwillrunthetooltoasafelocation,outofprocess,andcanrunautomatically.Evenifpoweroutagesandotherunforeseencircumstancesoccur,restartthesystem,intheEditmodetomovethecursorwithoutaffectingthesafeprocessingoftheworkpieceprocessingprocessprogramsegment,accordingtoautomatetheprocessingcancontinue.FirstsentenceoftheaboveproceduretoreplaceG50withG00isthesubstanceoftheworkpiececoordinatesystemfixedonthemachine,nolongerlimitedtotheoriginG50XαZβprocessconstraints,withoutchangingtheworkpiececoordinatesystem,easyoperation,reliability,andreceivedanunexpectedeffect.ChinesemetalprocessingonlineSecond,controlofdimensionalaccuracyskills1.ToamendthevalueofaknifeuptoensuredimensionalaccuracyFirstontheknifebecauseoferrororothercausesbeyondtheworkpieceworkpieceerrortolerance,cannotmeettheprocessingrequirements,canbeaddedbymodifyingtheknifesothattheworkpiecesizetomeettherequirementtoensurethattheradialdimensionsareasfollowsa.absolutecoordinateinputmethodAccordingtothebigdecrease,asmallincreaseprinciple,aknifeupat001004modified.Suchascutoffonthe2ndslotatabigsizeworkpiece0.1mm,and002showedupknivesareX3.8,mayentertheX3.7,toreducetheknifeonthe2ndmeeting.b.therelativecoordinatemethodasinthepreviouscase,enter002knifefillU0.1,alsothesameresult.Similarly,theaxialsizeofthecontrolalsoandsoon.Suchascylindricalwithaknifeonthe1staxissomewhereaboveprocessing,size,long0.1mm,canbecompletedat001knifeenterW0.1.2.SemifinishingtoensurethattheimpactoftheeliminationofscrewgapdimensionalaccuracyForthemajorityofCNClatheusingalongertime,becauseoftheeffectsofscrewspaceandprocessingoftheworkpiecedimensionsareoftenunstablesituation.Atthistime,wecanroughafterfinishingahalfspaceto