外文翻译--种植机械.doc

徐州工程学院毕业设计论文1附录附录1ChapterIIIofplantingmachinerySectionIoutlinedPlantsmachinemainlycomposedbytosowseedsandtransplantstwobroadheadingmachineriesTheformerincludingeachtypesurfaceplanter,seeddrillandselectionandbroadcastbunchplantingmachineThelatterismainlyreferstothearidlandtotransplantthemachinery.Accordingtouse,maydivideintotheseederthegeneralseederandthespecialpurposeseeder.Thegeneralseedersadaptationscopeisbroad,itcanbebroadcastedmanykindsofcropsseedsThespecialpurposeseederisdesignedbysomecropsthespecialrequest,itcanonlymeetonecropssowingseedsneed.Withthedevelopmentofsciencesandtechnologysandthecultivationmethodsunceasingchange,whichdesignswiththenewprincipleofwork,likethefinequantityseederandissuitableinthereducedcultivationunionseederonetimecompleteslooseearth,sowingseeds,toapplyfertilizerandsprayingwidelyhasalsousedinproducing.一,sowingseedsThecommonlyusedsowingseedsmethodmaydivideintofourbroadheadingssuchasthebroadcastsowing,thedrilling,thebunchplantingandsowsseedsprecisely1.Broadcastsowingscatterstheseedintheground,usesthesowingseedsmethodwhichothertoolsfilltobecalledthebroadcastsowingagain.Thebroadcastsowingseeddistributesnonuniform,fillsinthedepthnottobeinconsistent,thesowingseedsqualityisbad.Thismethodusesinsowingseedsartificiallyoriginally,afterusingmachinerysowingseeds,althoughhaspresentedsomesurfaceplanters,butalreadyverylittleusednow.Inrecentyears,thebroadcastsowinglawusesinaviationsowingseeds.Becausetheairseedingspeedquick,sowsevenly,maysowingoodtimeandimprovethesowingseedsquality,thereforewiththeairplanebigproductbroadcastsowingcertaincropslikepaddyrice,theforagegrassandsoonhasbecomeoneofcurrentsowingseedstechnologydevelopmentdirections.2.ThedrillingSowingtheseedinrowstobeburiedthemethodtobecalledthedrilling.Whendrillingfillsinthedepthtobeconsistent,emergesneatlyeven,thesowingseedsqualityisgood.Thedrilling徐州工程学院毕业设计论文2lawapplicationisverybroad,mayuseinbroadcastingmanykindsofcrops,thecorrespondingseederiscalledtheseeddrill.3.BunchplantingalsosaidthatselectionandbroadcastPutseedsconcentrateinaholeiscalledthebunchplanting.Thebunchplantinglawissuitablefortosowseedsthetilledcrop,mayguaranteethattherowspacingandthedistancebetweenhillsareaccurate,comparetothedrillinglawtosavetheseedandtoreducethethinningworkload.Broadcastswhenthecottonmayalsoenhancethecottonseedtoemergeability.Controlofthebreedingholedposition,causestoplanttheholedlongitudinalwithcrosswisetobeabletoformaline,iscalledthesquareplanting.Thesquareplantingmaylongitudinalandthecrosswiseintertillage,enhancesmechanizeddegreewhichtheintertillageremovesweeds.Thesquareplantinglawwasoncequickintheoverseasdevelopment,butalongwithchemistryherbicidesdevelopment,alreadytendstheeliminationatpresent.4.PrecisesowingThecharacteristicofprecisesowingseedsisthesowingseedsquantityisprecise,thedistancebetweenplantspreciseandbroadcastsdeeplyprecise.Thegraindrillingandtilledcropsowingseedsmayusetheprecisesowingseedslaw.Thecharacteristicofprecisedrillingsisthedistancebetweenplantsisprecise,compareswiththeordinarydrilling,distributedtheseedsveryeven,thusisgoodatthecropsgrowth,canraisetheoutput.Thetilledcropprecisesowingseedscharacteristiciseachholeonlybroadcastsaseed,withguaranteedthateachChineseacrenumberguaranteestheoutput.Itsmeritismaysavetheseedandsavethethinningworkingprocedure,thusmaythelaborsaving.Butmustguaranteethatundertheseedgerminationpercentageandthesowingseedsconditionemergesability,andpreventssicknessChinesecaterpillarfungusevil,guaranteesthefullstand.Islowtocertaingerminationpercentages,thefieldemergenceabilitybadseedforexamplebeetandsoon,useswhenprecisesowingseedsmayreducethedistancebetweenplantstoincreasebroadcaststhequantity,usesagainmechanicalorauxiliaryguaranteeseachChineseacrenumberbytheartificialthinning.5.MembranesowingseedsSowingseedsinplantsthebedsurfacetospreadouttheplasticfilm,aftertheseedemerges,seedlinglongoutsidemembraneonesowingseedsway.Thiswaymaybroadcaststheseedfirst,afterwardspreadsthemembrane,aftertreatingtheseedlingunearthed,putstheseedlingagainbytheartificialbrokenmembraneMayalsospreadsoutthemembranefirst,drillsimmediatelyonthemembranesowsseeds.Membranesowingseedshasthefollowingmerit徐州工程学院毕业设计论文31Enhancesandmaintainsagroundtemperature.Asaresultofsunlightpermeablethinfilmforsoilquantityofheat,butthethinfilmmayseparatetheairtransportandthesoilbythelongwaveformthequantityofheatwhichdisappearstotheairradiation,whenisadvantageousissomewhatlowinthegroundtemperaturetheseedgerminateswiththeseedlinggrowth.2Reducesthesoilmoistureevaporation.Thethinfilmwascutoffinthesoilevaporationwatervaporinflowatmospheretodisappear,thereforethewatervaporgatheredunderthemulchingplasticinthesmallandnarrowspace,causedtheairhumiditytobeveryhigh,reducedthemoistureevaporationCongealmentwatervapor,butmayalsoreturntothesoil,thusenablesthetopsoilsoiltohavehighandthestablemoisturecontent.3Improvestheadultplantilluminationcondition.Thethinfilmitselfandunderthemembraneslightdroplethascertainreflectivepowertothelight,improvedtheadultplantlowerlevelleafbladesilluminationcondition,isadvantageousinenhancesthecropsthephotosynthesis.4Improvesthesoilphysicscharacterandthefertility.Becausethemoisturecontentgaseousstateandtheliquidstatecyclicchangemakesunderthemembranethesoiltocontractunceasinglyandtoinflate,theirrigationwaterortherainwaterthroughthecrosswiseosmosisinfiltrationmembraneunderthesoil,causeitquiteloosenottoharden.Moreoverthetemperatureishigh,retentionability,isadvantageousintheedaphonactivity,canspeeduptheorganicmattertodecompose,strengthenthesoilfertility.5Cansuppresstheweedgrowth.Aroundcropsseedlingisthethinfilmcoverseal,theweedisunabletogrow.Themulchingplasticcultivationhasmanymerits,butthecostishigh,theconsumptionlaborforcetobemany,thespecificationisalsohigh.Aftercropsharvest,theremnantmembranerecyclingquestionhasnotsolvedcompletely.Thereforemainlyusesatpresentinthepeanut,thecotton,thevegetablesandsoontheeconomicvaluehighplantculture.6.ExemptedplowssowingSincethemid20thcenturyUSexemptsplowstheplantertechnologytoobtainissuccessful,theworldtoexemptsplowsthetechnologytogivetheenormousvalue.Manycountriesarepositivedtoexperimentandpromotion.Exemptsplowstechnicalthebasiccontentisafterthestubblecropsharvest,thelanddoesnotcarryonplows,letstheoriginalmanuscriptstalk,theremnantstubbleorthecoversthegroundWhentreatsstubblecropssowingseeds,exemptswiththehandtailorplowstheseedertocarryonpartiallooseearthsowingseedsdirectlyinthestublandAndaftersowingseedsorsowingseedsspraystheweedkillerandtheagriculturalchemicals.Accordingtoclimaticenvironmentandlandsituationdifference,someareasinexecutionzerotillageprocess,alsousesthedischarroweitherthelooseearthweedbeforethe徐州工程学院毕业设计论文4harvestorsowingseedscarriesonthesurfacesoilcultivationtoreplaceplowsSomeplaces,everyother23yearsalsousetheplowsharetypeploworchiseltypeplowdeepplowingonetime.Thereforeexemptsplowsthetechnologytohavethedifferentnameinthedifferentarea,likezerotillage,reducedcultivation,covercultivationlaw,directseedinglawandsoon.Thismethodandtheconventionalcultivationlawcompares,mayreducethemachinesandtoolsinvestmentexpensesandthesoilcultivationnumberoftimes,thusmayreducetheproductioncost,thereducedenergyconsumption,toreducetothesoilcompactionandthedestruction,andmayreducethewinderosion,thewatererosionandthesoilmoistureevaporationandtheoutflow.Butusesthezerotillagetohavethecondition,mustcoordinatecloselywiththeplantculturetechnology.Becausedoesnotcarryonthesoilplough,theharmfulinsectweedaremany.Thereforeisbigtotheherbicideandthepesticiderequiredquantity,thequalityrequirementisalsohigh.,becausethishasthepossibilitytocounterbalancethecostwhichlittleplowssaves.Exemptsplowssowingseedstoholdtheimportantpositioninthezerotillage.present,certaincropsforexamplesoybeanusesthemethodwhichthepreciseselectionandbroadcastandthenarrowgoodcloseplantingdoevenly,theexemptionintertillagework,maythegreatscopeenhancethecropstheoutputandreducesthecostofoperation,isonenewplantermethod.Second,theplantingofagriculturaltechnicalrequirementsAOfplantingagriculturaltechnicalrequirementsSowingtheagriculturaltechnicalrequirements,includingbroadcastof,spaced,distancebetweenplantsorfromthepoint,theuniformityofsowing,plantingdepth,soildepthandextentofpressure.Theplantingofvariouscropsrequiredifferent,withacropfromregiontoregion,thedifferentfarmingsystemswillbeverydifferent.Table31toChinasnorth,northwest,northeastandnorthernJiangsu,Henanandotherplacesofseveralmajoragriculturalcropsowingthetechnicalrequirements.Seedingshouldbeaccordingtothelocalagriculturaltechnicalrequirements.BTherequirementsoftheplanterDrillingontherequirementsforthemachinetheplantingofagriculturaltechnicalrequirements,spacingconsistent,uniformsowingseedsowinginthewetsoil,andcoveredwithWetsoil,sowingdeepconsistentandinlinewithrequirementsofsmallseedinjury.HoleoftherequirementsforthemachineEachholeseedgrainsagreementEachholeseedgrainston±1粒qualified,nEachholeaverageforgrainssuchascornrequirementsHole3±1tabletsofnotlessthan85pointsafew,Butinholeseedsofscattered,andinaccordancewiththesamedeepsowing,seedsinjuryrateislow.