外文翻译--恒压供水的控制与节能的探索.doc

毕业设计(论文)翻译资料信息与电子工程系工业电气自动化专业04级1班课题名称：S7-200PLC控制的变频调速恒压供水系统设计毕业设计(论文)起止时间：2007年3月1日6月10日(共17周)学生姓名：赵晋学号：3040221123指导教师：黄云龙、朱秋琴、廖东进报告日期：2007-3-浙江工业大学浙西分校信息与电子工程系毕业设计（翻译资料）EnglishPart-1-ThecontrolandEnergy-savingofautomaticWaterSupplySystemAbstract:Basedonesimpleanalysisofthemethodsforwatersupplyuseddomesticallyandabroad,thispaperdiscussestheprincipeandsystemsstructureofautomaticwatersupplysystembyusingfrequencyconversionspeedregulationindetail.Thenthesystemsadvantagesarediscussedandsomekeyproblemsthatshouldbepayattentiontodesigningarepresented.Keyword:Frequencyconversionspeedregulation；watersupplywithstablepressure:PIDregulator.1、ForewordAtpresent,supplywaterinresidentialareaandlifeoftheskyscraperofourcountrygenerallyadoptthewaycommonfrequently.Ithasheavyenergyconsumption,highnoise,andtherehasagreatdealofquestionsinthesourceofwater,suchassecondarypollutionetc.Anditisakindofcomparativelyidealmodetoadjustthewatersupplydevicecontrolledrapidlywithfrequencyconversion.Enteringthemiddleandlaterperiodsofthe1990s,asthespeedtechnologyoffrequencyconversionachievesmoredevelopmentbecomesperfect,thewayofthefull-automaticconstantpressurethatbasedonthistechnologysuppliedwaterhasalreadybeenwidelyusedinthedevelopedcountry,andisbecomingriper.Inrecentyears,authorhasmadesomerealworkonrapidlytothetransformationinfrequencyconversionsupplywaterdesignandconstructionofcontrolsystem,haveaccumulatedsomeexperience,andhasformedtheviewonsomequestions.Thereasonwhytheenergy-conservingprinciplefrequencyconversionofthewaterpumpsystemofspeedadjustmentbecomespopularized,ismainlybecausethatithasabetterenergy-conservingresult.Topumpsystemoffrequencyconversion,thewaterpumpafteradjustingthespeedhasfunctionalrelationofthefollowing:Q1/Q2=n1/n2(1)H1/H2=(n1/n2)2(2)ofthetype.Q1,Q2representstheflowbeforeandafterthespeedforthewaterpumprespectively；N1,n2representstherotationalspeedbeforeandafterthespeedforthewaterpumprespectively；H1,H2representstheliftbeforeandafterthespeedforthewaterpumprespectively.Accordingtheabove:H1/H2=(f1/f2)2Namelyrealliftofawaterpumpispowerthesquareoffrequencyindirectradio.Thereforechangingthepowersupplyfrequencyoftheelectricalmachineryofwaterpumpthroughthefrequencyconverter,cancontrolsupportingwaterpressurestrengthofthewaterpump.2constantpressureasFig.1showssupplywateroftheautomaticallycontrolledfrequencyconversionwater-supplysystemprincipleblockdiagram.P1isthegivepressurevalue,p2fortheactualpressurevaluehadexaminedfromthepipelineofthepressuresensor,PIDregulatorpassestheerroroperationofthetwovalue,andthroughcontrollingthefrequencyoutputofthefrequencyconverter,thusmakethepressureofthepipelineremainthroughoutonestablishingvaluep1.Thissystemcanmeasureusersinstantaneouswaterpressureadjustautomatically,regulatetheamountofquantityofsupplyingwaterandoperationconditionsoftheelectricalmachineryinviewoftheabove.Canaccordingtogivewaterpressurestrengthtosetforandcontrolpressurevaluewhichneeded,maketheequipmentintheconstantpressurestateallthetime,canknowfromloadcharacteristicofelectrical浙江工业大学浙西分校信息与电子工程系毕业设计（翻译资料）EnglishPart-2-machineryaxlepoweranditsthethirdpowerofindirectradiorotationalspeedofelectricalmachinerymixed,thatisp1/p2=(n1/n2)3.Forexample,asthefrequencyconverteroutputfrequencyfor35Hz(establishas50Hzatmost),thatistosaythattheactualrotationalspeedis70%oclockofspecifiedrotationalspeed,thepowerconsumptionofthegovernoris0.73=0.343,accountforspecified35%.Thatistosay,thewaterpumpisalwaysinconstantpressureandturntheworkingstateofmatchingthewayintotheflow,isitisitkeeptoexceedtodispelandbacksetcurrenthaveworkloss.ConstantspeedtransferwithfrequencyconversionspeedaxlepowerchangecurveasFig.2shows,relativelycanknow,itisthemostobviousthatfrequencyconversionadjuststheenergy-conservingresultofspeedway.2、CaseanalyseConstantpressureisitregulateflowofwatertothepurposetouptoconstantpressurethroughsuitingwellrapidlyinfrequencyconversiontosupplywater,thegoalthatitcontrolsfinallyisthewaterpressure.Controllingthetargethasnon-linear,laggingcharacteristics.ThequalityofPIDregulatorperformance,hasdeterminedthequalityofthewater-supplysystemtoagreatextentWhenthesystemisduringthecourseofstartingandstopping,orthepressureestablishingvaluechangesbyalargemargin,becausethereisaverygreatdeviationwithinshorttime,nomatterthecontrollalgorithmofPIDregulatoradoptstheincrementtypeorthepositiontype,itstotalmarkonewillfetchthecistern,waterpumpgroup(1M,2M)andcomplementthefittingstoformrelevantly.Thecoreofthissystemisthatfrequencyconversionadjuststhespeedswitchboard,itmonitorsthepressureofthepipenetworkinrealtimethroughthepressuresensor,andchangeintotheelectricsignalandofferthefrequencyconvertertotomakeoperation,throughthecontrollingcommonlyoffrequencyconverter,programmablecontrollerPLCandrelayarray,adjustthesystemofsupplyingwaterrapidlyafterformingperfectfull-automaticfrequencyconversion.Frequencyconverterisvariousinkind,forinstancethetypes,suchasMitsubishi,Fuji,threeKenyaandABB,etc.Generallyoftenselectthepumps,special-purposeseriesofairblowerforuse.WhethertakeMitsubishiFR-A140Easanexample,itexceptgeneralfunctionhadofbrand,therearethefollowingcharacteristics:TheinsideadoptstheintellectualpowermoduleofIPM,itislowesttomakethenoiseoftheelectricalmachinerytoreduce；Frequencyconverter,andwork-frequencypowercanisitswitchovertogoonfrequently,userisitisitstart,stopthroughPLCandswitchovertheorderautomaticallytoinputtoneedonly,canconvenientlythroughtolockmovementswitchoverdifferentwaterpumpeachothercontactor,anddoesnotneedtodesignthetediouscontrolprocedurebyoneselflikethethingthatinthepast,thisisoneofthispeculiarfunctionsoffrequencyconverter；Built-ininstantaneouspowercutstartsandretriesandstartsthefunction,inasituationthatnobodyguarded,evenifcanbestartedbyoneselfafterthefrequencyconvertershutsdown,totallyrealizewiththeoperationoftheautomaticway.PIDregulatoravailablefrequencyconverterofsystemthisbuilt-invalueveryheavy,thiswillstoredeviationinregulate.Duringtheprocessofdispellingthedeviationtoregulate,mustleadtothefactthesystemandpresentgreaterultramediationlong-timevibration,canproducetheseriousintegrationsaturationphenomenonalsoatthesametime,thusinfluencethe浙江工业大学浙西分校信息与电子工程系毕业设计（翻译资料）EnglishPart-3-normalrunningoftheequipment.Isitdroptheinfluencetomostlowtowant,shouldadoptPIDcontrolmethodthatintegrationseparateamongcontrollingalgorithm,inordertoreachtheanticipatedresult.Afterdealingwithlikethis,canshortenthesystemandreachsteadytransitioncoursetimegreatlySystemallocatetwo11kWwaterpumpsupport600overresidentwater.Twopumpofferlargepeakflowmostwhenworkingatthesametime,singleplatformmeetthesmallflowandsupplywateratnight.Inadditionallwaterpumpcanrunbywayoffrequencyconversion,cancirculatewaysofttostart,inthisway,canreducetheimpacttotheelectricwirenettingandpipenetwork.Whatmeritsattentionistwopumpwhenfrequencyconversionandworkerareswitchedoverfrequently,haveprocedureitlockstobeenougheachotheronly,outputtingmustadoptmachinerytointerlockthecontactor,canavoidthesituationthattwocontactorscloseatthesametimeinthetwinklingofaneyeinthisway,soasnottoshortoutintwinklingofaneyecausingpower.pressuresensorPmonitorsthesizeofthewaterpressuresignalinrealtime,thesignalisdealtwithbyPID,inputittothefrequencyconverter.Atthesmallflow,waterpumpelectricalmachinery1Mturnround(whether1KM1isitshuttosuck),andthroughfeedbackpasswordchangehisrotationalspeedconstantly,itisinvariableinordertokeepthepressure；Incaseoflargeflow,comparefrequencyconversionbypressurecircuitsendoutthroughPLC"constant/changedswitchoverfrequently""operateandinterlock"theorder,machineryinterlocksthecontactor(2KM2in2KM(2KM1+2KM2),contactor3KMhavetheelectricity.Atthismoment,electricalmachinery2Misstartedbywayoffrequencyconversion,1Misswitchedoverandrunatfullspeedfrequentlytorun.Inthisway,thissystemcanmaintainwaterconsumptiononainvariablepressureallthetime.Builtupintheaforesaiddistrictinitialstage,supplywaterandadoptthewayfrequentlyofworkers,becauseofenergyconsumptionbeingheavydependabilityisbad,thehouseholdreflectsstrongly.Useinsteadafterfrequencyconversionsupplywater,installationtotalcapacityreduce25%thanoriginalequipment,economizeonelectricitytheindexisclose30%syntheticallyactually,theresultisremarkable.3、SeveralquestionswhileapplyareincaseofgreatmajorityTheenvironmentforuseofthesceneiscomparativelyabominable.Thoughfrequencyconverterhasverystrongprotectionfunctionsitself,suchasowekeep,excessivepressure,isitflowtopass,electriccurrentamplitudelimitingisitmakeexactlytochoose,overload,overheatedlackinglooking,shortingoutanddisconnectedinkprotectthefunctionButmustpreventtroublebeforeithappens.Throughusingfinding,twokindsofbrandsofMitsubishi,Fuji,becausehasfullyconsideredvariouskindsofabominablerunningenvironmentindesignandmanufacture.Thedependabilityandservicelifeunderthesameconditionarehigherthansomebrands.OnesmallcityofmountainareaofwestplaceinHubeiinHubei,average1200mabovesealevel,thehumidityonthehighsideoflong-termmostofthetime(about80%),thesulfurdioxideisseriouslypolluted,asetoffrequencyconversionthatonefactoryproducessupplieswateroftheequipment,becausehasnotconsideredabove-mentionedfactors,lessthanoneyear,therelevantpartsoftheequipmentarecorrodedseriously.Andthelikeproductwhichwedesigned,installed