中医和武术(PPT课件)

Adele5/25/2018,Practical Ways to Good Health,2018,武 术 （w sh）/功夫（gng f）,传统中医（chun tng zhng y),CONTENTS,Wushu Martial Arts,Traditional Chinese Medicine,Wushu Martial Arts 武 术(w sh),武（w）: military术（sh）: artWushu: the art of fighting or martial arts.Definition of Wushu: making full use of ones natural physical movement to build up the Martial Arts Techniques.Functions: to cure illness; for self-defense.,Wushu Martial Arts 武 术(w sh),Classification of Wushu 1）Internal or External styles 2）Southern or Northern styles 3）Shaolin, Ermei or Wudang styles,Wushu Martial Arts 武 术(w sh),Origin and Development of Chinese Wushu 1) Prehistoric times: fighting against nature, hunting for food and clothing, protecting people against attacks by animals and natural disasters. 2) Slave societies: frequent wars occurred between tribes and states, and Wushu is needed to fight the enemies. 3) Feudal societies: weapons and military techniques provided ideal conditions for the development of Wushu.,Wushu Martial Arts 武 术(w sh),Origin and Development of Chinese Wushu 4) Tang Dynasty: to defend their country against foreign invaders; Wushu schools. 5) Qing Dynasty: Wushu was banned among the common people and was spread in secret. 6) Nowadays: one of the traditional sports treasured by Chinese people, gaining valuable skills in self-defense, improving the health and well-being through physical exercise.,E.g: Tai Chi Chuan (shadow boxing) 太 极 拳（ti j qun）,3 principles of Tai Chi Chuankeeping ones body soft and relaxedmental focus and natural breathingpracticing it slowly and evenly without breaking the smooth flow of coherent movements.,Wushu Martial Arts 武 术(w sh),The Influence from Chinese Philosophy: Wushu was borrowed widely from academic studies such as ancient medicine, ethics and aesthetics, and also adapted aspects of philosophy of Confucianism and Taoism.,Wushu Martial Arts 武 术(w sh),E.g: Man is an integral part of nature.Zhuang Zi: there was an intrinsic link between humanity and the universe. One cannot achieve the aim of practicing Wushu unless he achieves harmony with the universe.People chose the environment of wooded mountains, scenic places or clean and quiet places at home to perform it in ancient times.,Wushu Martial Arts 武 术(w sh),Moral Character Cultivation in WushuProverbs: 1) Moral education comes before Wushu training. 2) Morality is better than strength.Traditional Wushu morality includes patriotism, faith, politeness and uprightness.Wushu has been involved in literary and artistic fields. Chinese music, dance, opera, poetry, fiction and acrobatics all include its elements.E.g: “Ambush on All Sides” 十面埋伏（sh min mi f）,Wushu Martial Arts 武 术(w sh),Wushu in Beijing Opera：providing fighting scenes for Beijing Opera, and influencing the content of Beijing Opera and audiences taste as well.Repsentative: Mei Lanfang 梅兰芳 Masterpiece of art combining Wushu and dance: Lady Yu Dancing with a Sword,Related Words and Expressions,self-defense 自卫(z wi) 防身(fng shn)Internal 内功(ni gng)External 外功(wi gng)torso 躯体(q t)millennium 太 平 盛 世 ti png shng sh,saber play 刀术(do sh)swordplay 剑术(jin sh)spear play 枪术(qing sh)set pattern 套路(to l)posture 招式(zho sh),Related Words and Expressions,the different forms of Chinese martial arts 不同的武术格斗形式 kicking 踢(t) controlling 拿(n) hitting 击(j) punching 打(d) thrusting 刺(c) throwing 摔(shui),Test,踢(t),击(j),摔(shui),刺(c),Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),TCM: a name given to a range of traditional medical practices used in China and developed over several thousand years.TCM employs a method of analysis and synthesis, inquiring on a macro-level into the internal systems of the human body and their mutual relationships with the internal and external environment.,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),TCM explains the fundamental laws that govern the functions of human organism, application of this understanding to the treatment and prevention of disease and health maintenance.,Fundamental Theory and Ideas of Chinese MedicineLegend: Shen Nong tasted a hundred species of herbs.Xia Dynasty: Alcohol was produced and used to treat diseases.Spring and Autumn Period: Yi Hes theory of “six climatic conditions as the pathogenic factors of disease”. 医和(y h) 六气(li q) : Qi means vital energy, associated with breath. 阴(yn) 阳(yng) 风(fng) 雨(y) 晦(hu) 明(mng) Yin Yang Wind Rain Darkness Light,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Four classics of traditional Chinese medicine: 1) The Yellow Emperors Classic of Interior Medicine 黄帝内经（hung d ni jng） 2 parts: Plain Questions & Miraculous Pivot, involving 168 essays in 18 volumes. 素问(s wn) &灵枢(lng sh) lay the theoretical foundation for TCM health and Qigong health preservation. Qigong: breathing exercise,Chinas first classic book of medicine,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Four classics of traditional Chinese medicine: 2) The Classic of Difficult Issues 难 经（nn jng） discussing 81 difficult issues: 1-22 脉学(mi xu)sphygmology 23-29 经络(jng lu)meridian and collateral 30-47 脏腑(zng f)Zang and Fu 48-61 疾病(j bng)diseases 62-68 腧穴(sh xu)acupoint 69-81 针法(zhn f)acupuncture therapy,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Four classics of traditional Chinese medicine: 3) Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases By Zhang Zhongjing 伤寒杂病论（shng hn z bng ln） 张仲景 thansition from theory to clinical practice. four methods of diagnosis: observation 望(wng) auscultation 闻(wn) interrogation 问(wn) pulse feeling and palpation 切(qi),Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Four classics of traditional Chinese medicine: 4) Material Medicine 神农本草经（shn nng bn co jng） Emperor Shen Nongs experiences in the use of herbal medicines. 365 species of medicinal herbs were described according to their toxic and curative effects. lays a foundation of the development of Chinese herbal science.,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Cultural Features of TCM and Practical Ways of Health PreservationEssential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Pieces of Gold By Sun Simiao 千金要方（qin jn yo fng） 孙思邈The morality of physicians: having the spirit of healing the wounded and rescuing the dying.,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Cultural Features of TCM and Practical Ways of Health PreservationTCM stresses the importance of natural circumsances and psychological factors and their relations with diseases.The principle of adapting to the change of seasons and climate is emphasized.TCM holds good living habits are important in preventing disease and maintaining good health.,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Cultural Features of TCM and Practical Ways of Health PreservationEmotional traumas are a major cause of disease.The Yellow Emperors Classic of Interior Medicine pointed out: Five kinds of vital energies come from the five internal organs joy, anger, sorrow, melancholy and fear. Joy hurts the heart, anger the liver, brooding the spleen, melancholy the lungs and fear the kidneys.Emotional factors are natural human states, however, an excess of any part can cause disease. The diseases range from minor ones to serious disorders affecting the entire body.,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Cultural Features of TCM and Practical Ways of Health PreservationTCM has developed special ways to follow the laws of nature in the four seasons to maintain good health and build up the body for a longer life.In spring and summer, people should go to sleep a bit later and get up a bit earlier.Liver should not be so active in the spring, for it is too vigorous, and it weakens and replaces the role of the spleen.Thus, sweet things that are rich in protein, sugar and vitamins B and C, are good for the spleen.,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Chinese MedicineOften used to prevent disease and even as emergency treatments.How can a small needle perform such magic? Ancient Chinese discovered that blood, body fluid and energy(Qi) are the material bases for the activities of all organs of the human body. Blood and energy through the complicated main and collateral channels link all the internal and the external parts of the body. A disease is a result of a functional disturbance of one of the organs due to the disorder of energy or an imbalance of Yin and Yang. Acupuncture and moxibustion can adjust the function of the internal organ through the channels and improve the human bodys immune system.,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Chinese MedicineBased on the same theory, the massage treatment methods refer to the use of hand techniques to massage the soft tissues of the muscles, the joints and the skin of the body.The techniques used in the massage mainly include pressing and dragging, grasping, pressing and kneading.Massage works to promote blood circulation, reduce the displacements of joints, treat injured soft tissues and adjust the functions of internal organs.,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),The features of TCM which differ from the Western approach: The understanding of the human body is based on the holistic understanding of the universe. Treatment of illness is based primarily on the diagnosis and the differentiation of syndromes. Treating a patients related internal organs are connected through a network of channels and blood vessels inside human body.,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),The features of TCM which differ from the Western approach: Virtual energy(Qi) acts as some kind of carrier of information that is expressed externally through ones main and collateral chennels(Jingluo) system. Diseases of body surface tissues may also affect their related internal organs including the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, stomach, gall, intestines and bladder(Zang-Fu organs).,Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)传统中医(chun tng zhng y),The features of TCM which differ from the Western approach: Treatment starts with an analysis of the entire system, than