计算机专业英语部分原文和翻译(第三单元).docx

计算机专业英语部分原文和翻译（第三单元）Efficiency/performance: the amount of system resources a program consumes( processor time ,memory space, slow device such as disks, network bandwidth and to some extent even user interaction):the less ,the better. This also includes correct disposal of some resource, such as cleaning up temporary files and lack of memory leaks.Reliability: how often the results of a program are correct. This depends on conceptual correctness of algorithms, and minimization of programming mistakes, such as mistakes in resource management (e.g.,buffer over flows and race conditions)and logic errors(such as division by zero or off-by-one errors).Robustness: how well a program anticipates problems not due to programmer error. This includes situation such as incorrect, inappropriate or corrupt data, unavailability of needed resources such as memory ,operating system services and network connections,and user error.Usability:the ergonomics of a program :the ease with which a person can use the program for its intended purpose,or in some cases even unanticipated purposes.Such issues can make or break its success even regardless of other issues. This involves a wide range of textual , graphical and sometimes hardware elements that improve the alacrity, intuitiveness, cohesiveness and complements of a programs user interface.Portability:the range of computer hardware and operating system platforms on which the source code of a program can be compiled/interpreted and run .This depends on differences in the programming facilities provided by the different platform, includeing hardware and operating system resources, expected behavior of the hardware and operating system ,and availability of platform specific compilers (and sometimes libraries)for the language of the source code.Maintainability :the ease with which a program can be modified by its present on future developers in order to make improvements or customizations, fix buds and security holes, or adapt it to new environments. Good practices during initial development make the difference in this regard. This quality may not be directly apparent to the and user but it can significantly affect the fate of a program over the long term .效率/性能：程序消耗系统资源量（处理器运行时间，存储空间，慢速设备如磁盘，网络带宽甚至在某种程度上用户交互）：越少越好。这也包括正确处理一些资源，如清理临时文件和减少内存泄漏。可靠性（可信度）：程序结果的正确率。这取决于算法概念的正确性，应尽量减少编程错误，如错误在资源管理（例如，缓冲区流动和竞争条件）和逻辑错误（如被零整除或差一次离开错误）。鲁棒性：如何规划预期的问题不是由于编程错误。这样的情况包括如不正确的、不适当的或损坏的数据，缺乏必要的资源，如内存，操作系统和网络连接，和用户错误。可用性：人体工程学的一个计划：易用性即一个人可以使用程序的目的，或在某些情况下甚至意想不到的用途。像这样的问题即使不考虑其他问题也会导致失败或成功。它涉及的文本范围广泛，图形与硬件元素有时能改善用户界面的清晰度、直观性、内聚性以及完整性。可移植性：一系列的计算机硬件和操作系统平台上的程序源代码可以被编译或解释并运行。这取决于不同的编程设备提供了不同的平台，包括硬件和操作系统资源，预期