2016中央电大物流管理专业《物流学概论》练习题答案.doc

物流学概论练习题答案 职业技能实训一物流管理专业物流学概论练习题答案1、 物流系中唯一的静态环节是（）。答：存储功能2、流能过种的商业交易与物流的分离是由于（）造成的。答：效率经济3、 被称为“第一利润源”的是。答：资源领域4、信息管理技术为物流创造了（）功能实现的技术环境。答：虚拟5、创造商品的空间效益，实现其使用价值的环节是（）。答：运输6、生产物流管理的核心是物料的（）。答：运行时间成本7、有物流而无商流的是（）。答：企业内部高拨物流8、体现集装化物流的技术指标是（）。答：运输包装系列尺9、包装、装卸、搬运、储存、运输、配送、信息等属于（）。答：物流系统的功能要素10、销售物流的直接销售渠道是制造商（）。答：建立销售网络，经营产品销售11、根据供应链容量与用户需求的关系可以把供应链分为：（）。答：平衡供应链和倾斜供应链12、包装一般可分为商业包装和（）。答：运输包13、物流最重要的经济性指标是物流设施与设备的（）比率。答：容积利用14、已在收发货区台车上状态的活性指数是（）。答：315、客户价值不是（）价值，而是客户购买的预期与满足感。答：货币16、以下不属于物流控制要素管理的是（）。答：物流战略管理17、利用计算机系统管理各种与地域、空间相关的信息，在显示器上对地图进行任意图层入大、缩小与调用，对地理要素和运输工具进行直观显示的是（）。答：gis18、仓储装备的核心是（）。答：货架19集装装备的最大优点在于（）。答：减少装卸次数20、条形码技术属于（）。答：物流信息标志与采集技术21、电子数据交换技术的简称是（）。答：e22、在交通运输领域其经营的对象分为人和物两大类。其中：“物”统称为（）。答：货物23、具有使物流的职能更明确，能够扩大企业物流经营的比重，增加企业物流活动，保证整体生产和营销的协调等优点的组织结构是（）。答：功能独立型物流组织24、集装箱联运业属于现代物流行业中的（）。答：通运业25、对客户实行有差别的客户服务，带领自己的客户群和其它物流企业，将其所在的整个物流市场推上新的服务平台的阶段是（）。答：市场创新阶段26、物流系统化的目标（5s）中的“speed”。答：快捷性27、物流质量具体包含以下内容：（）、物品质量、工作质量、工程质量。答：客户服务质量28、反映了仓库的最大存储能力的参数是（）。答：仓容29、逆向物流由于（）成为社会物流与企业物流的结合。答：环境经济的要求30、对一般客户群提供（）服务。答：无差别一致性31、物流基础模数尺寸为（）。答：600mmx 400mm32、在产品和笛声分类中，属于开民过程步骤的是（）。答：以上都不是33、由船舶、航空器载运入境并由原装运输工具载运出境的货物是。答：通运货物34、在现代制造业中，物流环节的（）超过制造环节的加工成本。答：1运输和仓储成本2物料运行时间成本35、实行网状责任制的是（）。答： 联运单证统一规则36、以信息控制将传统的垂直分离功能运作整合为横向平衡管理的是（）。答：物流一体化37、供应物流过程：选择采购物品；（）厂内物流。答：厂外物流38、物流信息系统是（）。答：物流控制和物流执行网络39、克服产品生产与消费在时间上拼成工，使物资产生时间上的效果的环节是（）。答：仓储40、装入小于物流模数尺寸以下的箱内物品装卸搬运活到性指数是（）。答：141、（）的数量占总客户数量比例60%，所创造的利润占企业总利润的10%。答：一般客户42、将供应链划分为不同类型的基本标准是（）。答：市场变动与主导成员平衡能力43、适用于海上运输合同，而不适用于航次租船合同的规则是（）。答：汉堡规则44、多式联运的法律基础是明确（）之间的责任与权利。答：承运人与联运人45、物流成本控制的对象是（）。答：投入与产出的比较46、进口货物的收货人自运输工具申报进境之日起超过（）未向海关申报的，其进口货物由海关提取。答：3个月47、产权交易是（）。答：有商流而无物流48、e。答：物流信息传输技术49、物流信息管理、物流成本管理和物流质量管理属于（）。答：物流控制要素管理50、适合于外部环境较为稳定、采用常规技术、重视内部运营效率、操作人员素质比较好的中型规模企。答：功能集合型物流组织51、物流质量管理的核心是（）。答：减少物流过程中的货物损失率52、在物流客户战略的阶段中，其中物流企业应在控制的范围内，向顾客提供无差别的基本服务的。答：市场进入阶段53、物流成本支出与物流服务水平是（）关系。答：非线性54、供应链是围绕（）建立的稳定商业关系。答：核心成员企业55、（）占全部信装箱总数80%以上。答：杂货集装箱56、配货包装的标识常有标记和（）两大类。答：标志57、在配送中心储存货物，根据用户的需要进行配送，叫做（）。答：储存配送模式58、（）不是生活消费品配送网络的特点。答：配送系统精度要求稍低59、关于物和流的概念和定义，说法错误的有（）。答：b交通运输领域中，物流学中的“物”指的是物品c物流的“流”，既是指流通60、保管的经济性表现为（）。答：a规模经济性c客户多样性d作业灵活性61、关于供应链物流的说法，正确的有（）。答：c信息共享是供应链动作的基础d物流信息系统对复杂供应管理非常重要62、物流的实体功能，说法错误的有（）。答：a包装与装卸搬运c运输与配送d仓储与流通加工63、关于物流系统的功能，说法错误的有（）。答：a单一的运输或包装可以称之为物流b配送功能在物流系统得所有动态功能中是核心功能d配送是运输中的一个组成部分64、物流标准化的核心内容是集装化，包括（）。答：b运输包装系列尺寸c托盘标准化d集装箱标准尺寸65、以下属于管理层的信息管理的是（）。答：a成本核算c流通价格规划66、关于企业生产物流的说法，不正确的有（）。答：a物流过程的特点是企业物流最本质的特点c企业生产物流过程具有很强的随机性67、根据对公司的价值，客户分为（）。答：b一般客户c潜力客户d关键客户68、集装箱标准的主要内容是（）。答：a属于第一系列b具有13种箱型c teu与feu主要箱型d 最大总承重不超过30t69、现代企业物流管理一体化发展根源于（）。答：b制造业结构变化c全球经济一体化d信息处理商业化70、从传统的实体配送到现代物流活动，物流管理了（）阶段。答：b产品物流c一体化物流d供应链管理71、按物流系统性质分类的是（）。答：c社会物流d企业物流72、物流系统的物质基础要素包括。答：a物流作业管理层b物流执行管理层c 物流职能管理层d物流决策管理层73、物流系统的物质基础要素包括（）。答：a物流设施b物流装备c物流工具d信息技术74、根据供应链存在的稳定性可以供应为（）。答：a稳定供应链b动态供应链75、潜力客户，以下描述正确的是（）。答：a数量比例占30% b 企业利润比例占30% d 客户目标是客户价值提高76、属于特殊附加险的是（）。答：a黄曲霉素险b拒收险d舱面险77、属于物流的经济价值的是（）。答：a时间价值b场所价值c流通加工附加价值78、关于第三方物流与第四方物流区别描述正确的是（）。答：b第四方物流能够提供比第三方物流范围更广的服务c第四方物流是物流软件的运营者d第三方物流是物流硬件服务供应商79、供应链有两种不同类型的功能。答：b市场中介功能c物理功能80、通过物流理论的研究，物流概念产生的原因的是（）。答：c经济原因d军事原因81、以下属于操作信息管理的是（）答;a单征信息的传输与监控b价格的确定c业务状态信息的追踪与查询82、以下关于出口商品检验的法律责任描述准确的是（）。答：a将必须经商检机构检验的进口商品未报经检验而擅自销售或使用的，由商检机构没收b未经国家商检部门许可，擅自从事进出口商品检验鉴定业务的，由商检机构责令停止c进口或出口属于掺杂掺假、以假充真、以次充好的商品，由商检机构责令停止进口83、供应链管理的特征有（）。答：a动态性b复杂性c面向用户需求d交叉性84、关于物和流的概念和定义，说法错误的有（）。答：b交通运输领域中，物流学中的“物”指的是物品c物流的：“流”，既是指流通85、保管的经济性表现为（）。答：c客户多样性d作业灵活性86、关于供应链物流的说法，正确的有（）答:c信息共享是供应链动作的基础d物流信息系统对复杂供应链的管理非常重要87、物流的实体功能要素由（）组成。答：c运输与配送d仓储与流通加工88、关于物流系统的功能，说法错误的有（）。答：b配送功能在物流系统得所有动态功能中是核心功能c存储功能在物流体系统是唯一的静态环节89、物流化的核心内容是集装化，包括（）答：b运输包装系列尺寸c托盘标准化d集装箱标准尺寸90、以下属于管理层的信息管理的是（）。答：a成本核算c流通价格规划d运输高度计划信息91、关于企业生产我省的说法，不正确的有（）。答：a物流过程的特点是企业物流最本质的特点c企业生产物流过程具有很强的随机性92、根据对公司的价值，客户分为（）。答：b一般客户c潜力客户d关键客户93、集装箱标准的主要内容是（）。答：a属于第一系列b具有13种箱型 c teu与feu为主要箱型d最大总承重不超过30t94、采购调查的主要项目是（）。答：a采购系统c所购商品95、询问调查技术包括（）。答：a自由问答法b二项与多项选择法c顺位法d评定法96、对现有供应商的考评指标是（）。答：a质量与供应指标c经济指标d服务指标97、建立健全采购质量标准化体系，才能保证采购工作有据可依，其标准包括（）。答：a岗位标准c操作标准98、对供应商实际的检验活动包括（）。答：a完工检验b进货检验c工序检验99、采购市场调查方法有（）。答：a询问法c观察法d实验法100、采购市场调查的定性预测方法是（）。答：a 类推法与专家意见法b局部市场统计与总体估计法c用户调查与经验判断法101、下列关于采购制度的表述，不正确的是（ ）。答：c集中式的采购制度，可以缩短采购流程d企业用于多个生产机构，产品品种类似，宜采用分散式采购制度请您删除一下内容，o(_)o谢谢！2016年中央电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备小抄，电大考试必过小抄acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter released from nerve endings (terminals) in both the peripheral and the central nervous systems. it is synthesized within the nerve terminal from choline, taken up from the tissue fluid into the nerve ending by a specialized transport mechanism. the enzyme necessary for this synthesis is formed in the nerve cell body and passes down the axon to its end, carried in the axoplasmic flow, the slow movement of intracellular substance (cytoplasm). acetylcholine is stored in the nerve terminal, sequestered in small vesicles awaiting release. when a nerve action potential reaches and invades the nerve terminal, a shower of acetylcholine vesicles is released into the junction (synapse) between the nerve terminal and the effector cell which the nerve activates. this may be another nerve cell or a muscle or gland cell. thus electrical signals are converted to chemical signals, allowing messages to be passed between nerve cells or between nerve cells and non-nerve cells. this process is termed chemical neurotransmission and was first demonstrated, for nerves to the heart, by the german pharmacologist loewi in 1921. chemical transmission involving acetylcholine is known as cholinergic. acetylcholine acts as a transmitter between motor nerves and the fibres of skeletal muscle at all neuromuscular junctions. at this type of synapse, the nerve terminal is closely apposed to the cell membrane of a muscle fibre at the so-called motor end plate. on release, acetylcholine acts almost instantly, to cause a sequence of chemical and physical events (starting with depolarization of the motor endplate) which cause contraction of the muscle fibre. this is exactly what is required for voluntary muscles in which a rapid response to a command is required. the action of acetylcholine is terminated rapidly, in around 10 milliseconds; an enzyme (cholinesterase) breaks the transmitter down into choline and an acetate ion. the choline is then available for re-uptake into the nerve terminal. these same principles apply to cholinergic transmission at sites other than neuromuscular junctions, although the structure of the synapses differs. in the autonomic nervous system these include nerve-to-nerve synapses at the relay stations (ganglia) in both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions, and the endings of parasympathetic nerve fibres on non-voluntary (smooth) muscle, the heart, and glandular cells; in response to activation of this nerve supply, smooth muscle contracts (notably in the gut), the frequency of heart beat is slowed, and glands secrete. acetylcholine is also an important transmitter at many sites in the brain at nerve-to-nerve synapses. to understand how acetylcholine brings about a variety of effects in different cells it is necessary to understand membrane receptors. in post-synaptic membranes (those of the cells on which the nerve fibres terminate) there are many different sorts of receptors and some are receptors for acetylcholine. these are protein molecules that react specifically with acetylcholine in a reversible fashion. it is the complex of receptor combined with acetylcholine which brings about a biophysical reaction, resulting in the response from the receptive cell. two major types of acetylcholine receptors exist in the membranes of cells. the type in skeletal muscle is known as nicotinic; in glands, smooth muscle, and the heart they are muscarinic; and there are some of each type in the brain. these terms are used because nicotine mimics the action of acetylcholine at nicotinic receptors, whereas muscarine, an alkaloid from the mushroom amanita muscaria, mimics the action of acetylcholine at the muscarinic receptors. acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter produced by neurons referred to as cholinergic neurons. in the peripheral nervous system acetylcholine plays a role in skeletal muscle movement, as well as in the regulation of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. in the central nervous system acetylcholine is believed to be involved in learning, memory, and mood. acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl coenzyme a through the action of the enzyme choline acetyltransferase and becomes packaged into membrane-boundvesicles. after the arrival of a nerve signal at the termination of an axon, the vesicles fuse with the cell membrane, causing the release of acetylcholine into thesynaptic cleft. for the nerve signal to continue, acetylcholine must diffuse to another nearby neuron or muscle cell, where it will bind and activate areceptorprotein. there are two main types of cholinergic receptors, nicotinic and muscarinic. nicotinic receptors are located at synapses between two neurons and at synapses between neurons and skeletal muscle cells. upon activation a nicotinic receptor acts as a channel for the movement of ions into and out of the neuron, directly resulting indepolarizationof the neuron. muscarinic receptors, located at the synapses of nerves with smooth or cardiac muscle, trigger a chain of chemical events referred to as signal transduction. for a cholinergic neuron to receive another impulse, acetylcholine must be released from the receptor to which it has bound. this will only happen if the concentration of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft is very low. low synaptic concentrations of acetylcholine can be maintained via a hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. this enzyme hydrolyzes acetylcholine into acetic acid and choline. if acetylcholinesterase activity is inhibited, the synaptic concentration of acetylcholine will remain higher than normal. if this inhibition is irreversible, as in the case of exposure to many nerve gases and some pesticides, sweating, bronchial constriction, convulsions, paralysis, and possibly death can occur. although irreversible inhibition is dangerous, beneficial effects may be derived from transient (reversible) inhibition. drugs that inhibit acetylcholinesterase in a reversible manner have been shown to improve memory in some people with alzheimers disease. abstract expressionism, movement of abstract painting that emerged in new york city during the mid-1940s and attained singular prominence in american art in the following decade; also called action painting and the new york school. it was the first important school in american painting to declare its independence from european styles and to influence the development of art abroad. arshile gorky first gave impetus to the movement. his paintings, derived at first from the art of picasso, mir, and surrealism, became more personally expressive. jackson pollocks turbulent yet elegant abstract paintings, which were created by spattering paint on huge canvases placed on the floor, brought abstract expressionism before a hostile public. willem de koonings first one-man show in 1948 established him as a highly influential artist. his intensely complicated abstract paintings of the 1940s were followed by images of woman, grotesque versions of buxom womanhood, which were virtually unparalleled in the sustained savagery of their execution. painters such as philip guston and franz kline turned to the abstract late in the 1940s and soon developed strikingly original stylesthe former, lyrical and evocative, the latter, forceful and boldly dramatic. other important artists involved with the movement included hans hofmann, robert motherwell, and mark rothko; among other major abstract expressionists were such painters as clyfford still, theodoros stamos, adolph gottlieb, helen frankenthaler, lee krasner, and esteban vicente. abstract expressionism presented a broad range of stylistic diversity within its largely, though not exclusively, nonrepresentational framework. for example, the expressive violence and activity in paintings by de kooning or pollock marked the opposite end of the pole from the simple, quiescent images of mark rothko. basic to most abstract expressionist painting were the attention paid to surface qualities, i.e., qualities of brushstroke and texture; the use of huge canvases; the adoption of an approach to space in which all parts of the canvas played an equally vital role in the total work; the harnessing of accidents that occurred during the process of painting; the glorification of the act of painting itself as a means of visual communication; and the attempt to transfer pure emotion directly onto the canvas. the movement had an inestimable influence on the many varieties of work that followed it, especially in the way its proponents used color and materials. its essential energy transmitted an enduring excitement to the american art scene. science and technology is quite a broad category, and it covers everything from studying the stars and the planets to studying molecules and viruses. beginning with the greeks and hipparchus, continuing through ptolemy, copernicus and galileo, and today with our work on the international space station, man continues to learn more and more about the heavens. from here, we look inward to biochemistry and biology. to truly understand biochemistry, scientists study and see the unseen bystudying the chemistry of biological processes. this science, along with biophysics, aims to bring a better understanding of how bodies work from how we turn food into energy to how nerve impulses transmit.analytic geometry, branch ofgeometryin which points are represented with respect to a coordinate system, such ascartesian coordinates, and in which the approach to geometric problems is primarily algebraic. its most common application is in the representation of equations involving two or three variables as curves in two or three dimensions or surfaces in three dimensions. for example, the linear equationax+by+c=0 represents a straight line in thexy-plane, and the linear equationax+by+cz+d=0 represents a plane in space, wherea, b, c,anddare constant numbers (coefficients). in this way a geometric problem can be translated into an algebraic problem and the methods of algebra brought to bear on its solution. conversely, the solution of a problem in algebra, such as finding the roots of an equation or system of equations, can be estimated or sometimes given exactly by geometric means, e.g., plotting curves and surfaces and determining points of intersection. in plane analytic geometry a line is frequently described in terms of its slope, which expresses its inclination to the coordinate axes; technically, the slopemof a straight line is the (trigonometric) tangent of the angle it makes with thex-axis. if the line is parallel to thex-axis, its slope is zero. two or more lines with equal slopes are parallel to one another. in general, the slope of the line through the points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) is given bym= (y2-y1) / (x2-x1). the conic sections are treated in analytic geometry as the curves corresponding to the general quadratic equationax2+bxy+cy2+dx+ey+f=0, wherea, b, fare constants anda, b,andcare not all zero. in solid analytic geometry the orientation of a straight line is given not by one slope but by its direction cosines, , , and , the cosines of the angles the line makes with thex-, y-,andz-axes, respectively; these satisfy the relationship 2+2+2= 1. in the same way that the conic sections are studied in two dimensions, the 17 quadric surfaces, e.g., the ellipsoid, paraboloid, and elliptic paraboloid, are studied in solid analytic geometry in terms of the general equationax2+by2+cz2+dxy+exz+fyz+px+qy+rz+s=0. the methods of analytic geometry have been generalized to four or more dimensions and have been combined with other branches of geometry. analytic geometry was introduced by rendescartesin 1637 and was of fundamental importance in the development of thecalculusby sir isaac newton and g. w. leibniz in the late 17th cent. more recently it has served as the basis for the modern development and exploitation ofalgebraic geometry. circle, closed plane curve consisting of all points at a given distance from some fixed point, called the center. a circle is a conic section cut by