2018版高三英语基础知识解读Unit1TalesoftheunexplainedA卷课后分层集训牛津译林版.docx

课后分层集训Unit 1Tales of the unexplained (A卷).阅读理解A(2017辽宁部分重点高中协作校高三联考)Chilean astronomer Maritza Soto has discovered a planet three times as large as Jupiter orbiting a red giant star larger than the Sun and the planet is located some 290 million light years from the Earth.Soto，a 25yearold Ph.D.student in sciences at the University of Chile，worked for eight months using two telescopes at the La Silla Observatory，about 370 miles north of Santiago.Last November，she discovered the planet now bearing the designation HD 110014c and her work has now been published in a journal of the London Royal Astronomical Society.The discovery of planets orbiting red giant stars is “rare”，with only five such planets located around stars of that magnitude to date，she told EFE.HD 110014c orbits its star at a distance about sixtenths the distance from the Sun to the Earthor about the distance between Venus and the Sun.“Its like imagining a planet three times bigger than Jupiter with the orbit of Venus around the Sun，” she said，adding that the red giant star is about twice the size of the Earths Sun.Another planet had already been discovered orbiting the star，and now Sotos work has added a second planet to that solar system.To find the planet，she used the socalled radial velocity (径向速度) method，which consists of measuring the slight jiggling (晃动) movement of a star as a planet orbits around it，given that the planets themselves send only a very weak signal and are quite difficult to detect on their own.“The planets are very weak compared to the stars and you have to use indirect methods to detect them.I analyzed the data that had been gathered over years to confirm the first planet and I discovered the second one orbiting the star，” she said.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。智利的天文学家Maritza Soto发现了一颗是木星的体积三倍大的行星。1What can we know about HD 110014c from the passage?AIts about three times the size of Jupiter.BIt is the first planet discovered in that solar system.CIts star is about 290 million light years from the Sun.DIt orbits its star at the distance between the Sun and the Earth.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Chilean astronomer Maritza Soto has discovered a planet three times as large as Jupiter”可知，HD 110014c大约是Jupiter的体积的三倍大。故选A。2Why are planets not easy to discover?AIt takes years to gather data.BTheyre far away from the Earth.CTheir signal is too weak to catch.DThe existing technology is not mature.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“given that the planets themselves send only a very weak signal and are quite difficult to detect on their own”可知，行星发出的信号很弱，所以很难被发现。3What is the purpose of the passage?ATo describe how to discover a planet.BTo tell an inspiring story of Maritza Soto.CTo inform readers of a new discovery of a planet.DTo stress the importance of discovering a planet.C写作目的题。本文作者主要讲的是智利的天文学家Maritza Soto发现了一颗是木星的体积三倍大的行星，因此C项为最佳答案。4Which section of a newspaper is the passage most likely to come from?AGeography.BScience.CBusiness. DEnvironment.B文章出处题。文章的内容是有关科学方面的发现的，所以很可能出自于报纸的科技专栏。B(2017河南省八市高三检测)Ever since Grumpy Cat first appeared online，the_Internet_cant_get_enough_of_herBut attention is not the only thing that this cat is getting.Her fortune is estimated at $100 million，more than many famous actors and musicians earn.So how did it all start?Grumpy Cats owner Tabatha Bundesen was working as a waitress when her brother Bryan decided to take a photo of her funnylooking cat and post it on Reddit，a social news site.In a matter of hours，she became a sensation (轰动)It got 1 million views on Imgur in 48 hours.Grumpy Cats real name is Tardar Sauce and she actually has a condition called dwarfism，which makes her constantly frowning.But that unique frown turned out to be worth millions of dollars.Tabatha，who lives in Arizona in the US，isnt complaining.She still remembers that September 22，2012，when her life turned upside down.Since her cat became a worldwide phenomenon，she was able to quit her job and devote her life to managing her cats modeling career.Sounds unbelievable，but its true.She says that her only job now is to book Tardars photo shoots, commercials (商业广告)，and other appearances.What are the other benefits of owning a milliondollar cat?Apart from not having to work，Tabatha can travel all the time.She has time and money to visit her family more often and enjoy her life.She never could have imagined just how huge her cat would become，but she always knew Tardar was very special.And she is glad to see her cat bringing joy to so many people around the world.As for the millions of dollars Tardar has earned，they come from all the products，commercials and a bestselling book.She even has her own movie Grumpy Cats Worst Christmas Ever.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了Grumpy Cat和她的主人Tabatha Bundesen的相关情况。5What does the underlined part “the Internet cant get enough of her” mean?AThe Internet cant stand her any more.BThe Internet cant pay more attention to her.CPeople dont focus on her any longer on the Internet.DThe Internet cant find enough information about her.B推理判断题。根据画线句后的“But attention is not the only thing that this cat is getting.”可知，这只猫得到的不仅仅是关注。由此可推断出，“the Internet cant get enough of her”的意思为：这只猫在网络上得到了很大的关注。故选B。6What made Grumpy Cat become famous?AHer unusual appearance.BHer bad temper.CHer short and fat body.DHer unique fur.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“take a photo of her funnylooking cat”和第五段中的“which makes her constantly frowning.But that unique frown”可知，是这只猫特别的长相使她出名了。故选A。7About Tabatha Bundesen，we know that _Ashe now works as a waitressBshe feels very tired of her famous catCshe only manages her cats modeling careerDshe is too busy to go home to visit her parentsC细节理解题。根据第七段第一句中的“she was able to quit her job and devote her life to managing her cats modeling career”可知，选C。8The general idea of the last paragraph is _Ahow the cat can become so famousBhow the cat can make so much moneyCwhat the film about the cat is namedDhow the cats owner spends so much moneyB段落大意题。文章最后一段的内容告诉我们Tardar是如何赚如此多的钱的。故选B。.完形填空(2017昆明高三两区七校模拟)Not everyone around is easy to get on well with in your life.Ive always tried to keep my _1_ from people who are rude，aggressive and mean.But sometimes we cant _2_ having contact with people who might not have our best interests at heart.Last summer，I became involved with a(n) _3_ coworker who was at a bad spot in his life.I had a lot of _4_ for him and decided to help him _5_ this tough time，so I tried my best to _6_ his rudeness when he lost his temper.However，just like a swimmer drowning in a pool，he grabbed on and ended up drowning me when I _7_ and tried to rescue him.His rudeness gradually was out of _8_One night，when I got up to get a glass of water，he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom.I did as I was told but I was not happy about it.He _9_ my change in mood and asked what was wrong.But when I told him his behavior toward me was _10_ and that I was very hurt by the way he had _11_ me，he was surprised.He could not understand his actions had a bad _12_ on me.He told me he didnt have anything _13_ me and that there was no need for me to _14_ it.I used examples from his life of things that had hurt him and then tried to make the _15_ that the same things also made me _16_I said，“I always treat you with patience，understanding and kindness，but you havent treated me with _17_ respect.”He was silent after listening to my words.What I had said might _18_ him.People only change _19_ they want to change.I didnt know whether he would change his opinion or not in the future，but I would continue to _20_ him through my patience，understanding and kindness.【语篇解读】本文通过作者与同事的故事告诉我们：尽管不是所有的人都容易相处，但是遇到了，我们还是应尽力用自己的善良、耐心和理解去帮助他们。1A.differenceBpressureCabsenceDdistanceD根据下文的“people who are rude，aggressive and mean”可推知，对于品性不太好的人，作者自然是与他们保持距离。difference“差异”；pressure“压力”；absence“缺席”；distance“距离”。2A.riskBescapeCavoidDappreciateC根据语境“But”的转折可推知，有时候我们不可避免地会遇到一些不把我们利益放心上的人。risk“冒险做”；escape“逃离”；avoid“避免”；appreciate“欣赏，感激”。3A.badtemperedBkindheartedCeasygoingDcooperativeA根据下文的“his rudeness when he lost his temper”可推知，这个同事脾气不好。4A.adviceBsympathyCpermissionDselectionB根据语境“and decided to help him”可推知，作者很同情同事的艰难处境，决定施以援手。advice“建议”；sympathy“同情”；permission“允许”；selection“选择”。5A.get acrossBlook afterCmake outDpull throughD根据语境“and decided to help him _5_ this tough time”可推知，作者决定帮助同事渡过难关。get across“被理解”；look after“照顾”；make out“理解，辨认出”；pull through“渡过难关”。6A.resistBtolerateCcriticizeDexplainB根据语境“so I tried my best to”和“when he lost his temper”可推知，作者强忍对方的无礼行为。resist“对抗”；tolerate“容忍”；criticize“批评”；explain“解释”。7A.reached outBcarried outCgave outDturned outA根据语境“tried to rescue him”可推知，作者伸手去救对方。reach out“伸手”；carry out“执行”；give out“分发，发出”；turn out“证明是”。8A.practiceBactionCcontrolDdangerC根据下文的“One night，when I got up to get a glass of water，he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom”可推知，作者同事的无礼(行为)逐渐失控了。practice“练习”；action“行动”；control“控制”；danger“危险”。be out of control“失去控制”。9A.forgaveBnoticedCignoredDunderstoodB根据语境“and asked what was wrong”可推知，同事注意到作者的情绪变化。notice“注意到”。10A.appropriateBunnecessaryCunacceptableDtraditionalC根据语境“that I was very hurt”可推知，作者认为同事的行为让人不能接受。unacceptable“不能接受的”。11A.scoldedBinstructedCtreatedDrespectedC根据上文的“when I told him his behavior toward me”可推知，同事对待作者的方式伤到了作者，下文的“but