国际商务英语_术语解释.doc

国际商务英语 燕园术语解释1. Customs union：a customs area extengding beyond national boundaries to include two or more independent nations is called a customs union.关税同盟：一个海关区extengding以外国界包括两个或两个以上独立的国家被呼吁一个关税同盟。2. Trade terms：trade terms are terms used in international trade to describle the general information about the trade ,such as the unit price port of shipment,port of destination and the kind of currency. （贸易术语：贸易术语术语使用在国际贸易值得要的一般信息关于行业，例如单价装运港，目的港，币种。）3. Protectionism：protectionism is a trade barrier to international trade for the purpose of protecting a nations own domestic market and industries.It includes tariff barriers and non-tariff barriers.（保护主义：保护主义一个贸易壁垒国际贸易为了保护一个国家的自己国内市场，industries。it包括关税壁垒，非关税壁垒。）4. Multinational enterprise：a multinational enterprise is a trade barrier to international trade for the purpose of protecting a nations own domestic market and industries.It includes tariff barriers and non-tariff barriers. （跨国企业：一个跨国企业一个贸易壁垒国际贸易为了保护一个国家的自己国内市场，industries。it包括关税壁垒，非关税壁垒。）5. Per capita GNP：per capita GNP refers to the total value of the goods and services per man provide by all kinds of sectors during a certain period（a year，a quarter，etc.）（5。人均国民生产总值：人均国民生产总值指的总价商品和服务每个人提供由各种各样的扇形中某期间（一年，四分之一，等等。）6. Force majeure：Force majeure is a default of the contract which is given rise to not because of the contracting parties default，but of the uncontrollable causes.One type of the cause is the natural force and the other is social cause. 不可抗力：不可抗力是一个默认的合同被引起不因为缔约方全体默认，但的不可控制的causes。one事业的类型自然力，另一社会事业。7. Drawer：The person who draws the bill of exchange is called the drawer.8. Proximate cause of loss：when an insurance policy is made out to certain risk，a claim becomes payable only if that risk occurred as the proximate cause of the loss suffered.The proximate cause is the direct cause of the boss. 近因灭失原因：当保险政策被辨认出某些的风险，一个要求成为应付的只有那个风险发生作为导致损失的直接原因suffered。the近因老板的直接原因9. Shortfall：Shortfall means the shortage of amount or values of certain goods. 不足：不足平均值缺少某些的量或价值货物。10. Tariff concession list：It refers to the list of commodities on which the deduced tariff rate is stipulated. 关税减让表：它指商品种类表，推断关税税率被规定。11. Compound duty：A type of tariff levied according both the amounts and the prices of the commodities. 复合税：一个关税形式征符合两量，价格的商品。12. Customs clearance：As to customs clearance, for ordinary imported goods, the customs still sign on the shipping documents to release the goods. But for some particular duty-free goods or bonded goods, the customs still have control over it after the consignee acknowledged the receipt of shipment. 报关：至于报关，为普通进口货物，海关仍然签约雇用装运单据释放货物。要不是一些特定免税商品或保税货物，海关仍然有控制它以后的的收货人承认装船的收据13. Insurance：Insurance is a social device in which a group of individuals transfer risk and provide for payment of losses from funds contributed by all members who transferred risk. Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism. Those who transfer risk are called insureds. Those who assume risk are called insurers. 保险：保险是一个社会的设备，一群个体转移风险，为付款提供生活费的由基金所致的损失有助于由所有成员谁转移风险。保险是一个风险转移机制。那些谁转移风险被呼吁投保。那些谁假设风险卡勒。14. Standby arrangements：Thats the standby credit arrangement given by IMF to its member countries. 待机安排：那的待机信贷安排给由国际货币基金组织它的成员国15. Escape clause：Its clause of contemporary cancerling of the preferential tariff when some domestic industries are damaged because in bilateral and multilateral negotiations and agreements there are excessive importing commodities that enjoy the deduction of tariff and other trade allowance for the contracting parties. 免责条款：它的现代的的条款cancerling的优惠关税当一些国内的行业被损害因为里双边，多边谈判，协议有过多的进口商品，享受关税的扣除，其他贸易补贴为简约的爹16. Non-trade settlement：Non-trade settlement mainly means the settlement which occurs not because of trade between the trading parties,but of the other reasons such as the government agreement. 非贸易结算主要地平均值沉降发生不由于行业的原因在之间营业党，但的其他原因例如政府协议17. Intermediate products：Intermediate products are products which are not the same as the raw materials or as the finished goods.They can be called semi-finished products. 中间产品产品哪个与不同原材料或作为结束goods。they能被称为半成品18. Counter trade：Counter trade is the generic terms to describe a set of cross border contracts which link a sellers exports to imports from the buyer. 对销贸易总称描述一套跨境合同哪个链接一个卖方的出口进口从买方19. Intra-MNE transfers：It refers to the transfer among different units within the range and under the control of MNC它指转车其中不同单位内范围，受跨国公司的控制.20. Fair trade：It refers to the trade conducted by two parties on the equal treatment. 公平贸易：它指贸易的行为由双方在平等待遇。21. Beneficiary：The exporter in whose favour the credit is opened is called the beneficiary. 受益人：出口商在谁的赞成信用被开放被呼吁受益人22. Consular visa：A consular visa is a visa signed by one countrys,consul in another countrywhen the visaed subject is about to go through the customs between these two countries. 领事签证：一个领事签证是一个签证签署附近的的之一个国家的，领事在另一countrywhen签证主题即将通过海关在这些之间二个国家。23. Incoterms：Incoterms are short for international rules for interpretation of trade terms,the purpose of it is to provide a set of international rules for the interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade.Thus,the uncertainties of different interpretations of such terms in different countries can be avoided or at least reduced to a considerable degree. 国际贸易术语：国际贸易术语是短为国际规则对贸易术语的解释，目的的它提供一套的国际贸易条件解释通则最常用的贸易术语在国外trade。thus，不确定的不一样的解释的如此术语在24. Contribution：A person cannot be allowed to insure twice for the same risk,and clain compensation from both insurers.If two policies do cover the same event the insurance companies contribute pro rata to the loss,and the insured is only restored to the indemnity position. 贡献：一个人不能允许投保了两次为同一风险，在上个帖子中说赔偿从两者都insurers。if二项政策做盖同一事件保险公司贡献按比例损失，被保险人只有交还给赔款位置。25. The most favoured nation clause：It is the most effective method to avoid the damage by bilateral talks to the world trade.Countries that can enjoy it can automatically enjoy the favorable tariffs given by the relevant countries to the other countries最惠国条款：它是大多数有效的方法避免毁损以双边交谈世界trade。countries，能享受它可以自动享受有利关税给附近的的相应国家另一国家.26. Consignment trade：Consignment trade is a kind of trade in which the seller ships his agent in that country will sell the goods for him , and the title to the goods sill belongs to the seller before the goods are sold. 寄售贸易：寄售贸易贸易的一种哪卖方船他的代理人因为国家会出售货物为他，货物所有权窗台属于卖方在货物被出售前。27. Productivity：Productivity is a ratio figure which indicates how much inputs should be needed to produce the goods . It is a sensitive index to measure the economic growth of one industry or of one nation. 生产率：生产率是一个比率人物表明如何很多输入将需送货。它是一个敏感指数措施之一的经济增长业或的之一个国家。28. Insurable interest：No one may insure anything unless he has an interest in it . which means that if the thing insured is preserved he will derive a benefit from its preservation. 可保利益：没有人可能投保任何事除非他有一个对它有兴趣。哪个手段那如果东西保证被保存他将派生一个通过它的保存获益29. Group of 77： Its a group initiated by some countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America in order to maintain their interests and protest the deprivation of the imperialist countries. At present , the group of 77 countries has expanded to include more than 100 countries and regions. 77的组：它的一个组开始用一些国家在亚洲，非洲，拉丁美洲为了保持他们的利益，抗议剥夺的帝国主义者国家。目前，组的77个国家扩大了包括超过10030. IDA：IDA refers to the International Development Association established in 1960 to provide financial assistance primarily in the poorer developing countries and on terms the would bear less heavily on their balance of payments. 伊季山：伊季山指国际开发协会成立于1960提供经济资助主要地在更贫困的发展中国家，在术语将熊少大量地在他们的国际收支31. Documents against payment at sight：Documents against payment at sight requires immediate payment by the important to get hold the documents. 31。即期付款交单：即期付款交单要求即时付款方式重要得到抓住文件32. Article number：Article number is the number for which the goods are shipped for each time. 文章数：文章数字是数目，货物被运送对每次33. Transportation deregulation：Transportation deregulation has removed the shackles of control,both shippers and carriers are free to negotiate the best rate and service packages to meet the needs of both parties. 运输放松管制：运输放松管制消除了控制的脚镣，都发货人和带菌者自由谈判最佳汇率，服务包满足需要的双方34. Clearing system：Clearing system is a govermental agreement where the trade balance is finalized by accounting and offsetting the debts and credits between two countries. 结算系统：结算系统一个govermental协议，贸易平衡被定稿附近的的帐户和透印版印刷债务，信用在二之间国家35. Gold tranche ：Thats the gold share paid by the member counteies to IMB including two parts:amount in gold and the amount in thier own currency.The former amounts to 25% and the latter 75%.亦称黄金份额贷款定：那的黄金股票付附近的的成员counteies国际海事局包括二箇所:额在黄金，量在thier自己的currency。the前共计25%，后者75%36. Comparative advantage：Even if a country is less effieient than another in the production of both commodities,there is still a basis for mutually beneficial trade. 比较优势：即使一个国家少effieient比另一在产生式的两者都商品，有仍然的一个基础为互惠行业37. Clean credit：Credits that only require clean draft,i.e. draft not accompanied with shipping documents,for payment are clean credit. 光票信用证：信用，只要求光票，i。e。草案不带有装运单据，为付款光票信用证38. Known premium：Known premium is the cost the insured should have to pay the insurance company for the insured goods. 大家都知道的的额外费用：大家都知道的的额外费用是成本被保险人将不得不付保险公司为被保险人货物39. Hyperinflation：Hyperinflation is a kind of inflation in which the market prices are soaring quickly. The devaluation rate of the curreney is astronomical. The normal eccnomic activities are out of order,and ffinally lead to the collapse of the whole monetary system. 恶性通货膨胀：恶性通货膨胀通货膨胀的一种，市场物价飞涨很快。货币贬值汇率curreney天文。标准eccnomic活动失灵，ffinally导致倒闭的合计货币制度40. Parent MNC：Parent MNC is the original investing multinational corporation. It is also the international headquarters of the MNE. 亲跨国公司：亲跨国公司原投资跨国公司。它也的国际总部跨国公司41. Letter of credit：the letter of credit is a letter issued by a bank at the request of the importer in which the bank promises to pay upon presentation of the relevant documents. 信用证：信用证是一个信发出附近的的一个银行根据进口商的要求，银行付款承诺经的介绍相关单据42. Legal holder： a legal holder is a owner of a property who is entitled to it by law. 法定持有人：一个法定持有人是一个业主的一个财产被有权谁它次要法规43. Trading practice：Trading practices are widely-acknowledged customary deeds experienced from actual trade. 贸易惯例：贸易惯例widely-acknowledged惯常的的契约经历从实际的行业44. Secondary capital market： Secondary captial market is the market where the issued securities are traded, it includes the stock exchange and the over-the-counter market. 次要资本市场：次要的资本市场是市场，问题安全被行业，它包括证券交易所，场外交易市场45. World Bank Group：It is a complex institutions composed of IBRD, IDA, IFC and MIGA, with the main purpose of helping raise standards of living in devel