高中英语句型归纳.doc

高中英语句型归纳1. be doing/ be about to do/ had done, when(when：这时, 强调一个动作的突然发生)1). I was walking along the river, when I heard a drowning boy cry for help.2). I was about to leave when it began to rain.3). I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over.2. It was (not ) + 时间段+before +一般过去时 过了一段时间就. It will (not )be+ 时间段+before +一般现在时 要过一段时间才会 It is/ has been +时间段+ since.1). It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.2). It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 3). It is 3 years since he worked here.=since he left here.3. once.一旦., 表示时间和条件1) Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the work.2). Once you have decided to do something, you should finish it and do it well.4. The +比较级.，the +比较级.越, 越 1) The more books you read, the more knowledge you will get. 2) The busier he is, the happier he feels.5. whether.or. 无论是.还是.1). Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned. 2). Any person, whether young or old, has his own worth.6. if/ as long as/so long as/ providing that/ provided that/ supposing that/ on condition that 假如. I will lend you money on condition that you can return it within 3 months.7. given that/ considering that 考虑到., 鉴于1). Given that she is interested in children, Im sure teaching is the right career for her.2). Considering his age and his experience, he has done well.8. in case that/ in case of. 万一., 以防.1). In case of fire, please dial 119 at once.2). In case that John comes/ John should come, tell him to wait.9.祈使句+ or/otherwise +结果句 或 祈使句+ and +结果句 1). Stop doing such foolish thing, or you will be punished in time. 2). More effort, and the problem would have been settled.10.否定词与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义1).I have never seen a better film.2).I cant agree you more. 我非常同意11.can never/ cant 与too, too much, enough, over- 搭配表示“无论怎样.都不过分”1). While you are doing your homework, you cant be careful enough.2). The development of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English, so we cant overemphasize the importance of learning English.12. It is said/ thought/ hoped/ believed.that Sb. is said/ thought/ hoped/ believed to do. 1). It is said that he is studying abroad.= He is said to be studying abroad. 2).It is considered that many countries highly value Chinas role in helping worlds peace.= Many countries is considered to highly value Chinas role in helping worlds peace.13. 表示过去原打算干，却未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图的结构：had hoped to do=hoped to have done。类似的词还有：expect, think, intend, design, plan, mean, suppose等1).-Did you go to see the film “Titanic” last night? -Id like to have, but I had an unexpected guest.2). The plane was to have take off at 7 this morning, but was held up by the heavy fog.14. How did sb come to do.? = How come that.为什么会./是怎么回事？表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出解释1). How did you come to find out where shes living?= How come that you found out.2). How come that you sat there, doing nothing?15. when it comes to. 当谈到或涉及到He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer, he will be excited and full of energy.16.every time/ each time/ next time/ the first time/ any time等短语引导时间状语从句，表示“每当., 每次.,下次.”1). Every time you meet with new words while reading, dont always refer to your dictionary.2) Next time you come , do remember to bring your son here.17. There is (no) need to do./ for . = It is( not )necessary for sb. to do. There is( no )hope/ chance / possibility of doing. There is( no )difficulty/ trouble/ point/ delay( in )doing1). Is there any chance of us/ our winning the match?2). There is no point in discussing the problem again.18. It is up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人来做某事.1) -When shall we start out? -Its up to you to decide.2). Its up to you to babysit my baby while I am away on business.19.There be 句型中，be动词还有其他变化形式，常见的有：There seem to be, There happen to be, There used to be, There is likely to be, There have been/has been 等1). There seems/ appears to be much hope of our team winning the match.2). There happened to be nobody in the room when I came in.3). There have been great changes in my hometown since 1978.20. prefer to do rather than do （两者相比）愿意干A而不愿意干B = would rather do than do 1). I prefer to stay at home rather than go to the park in such weather.2). Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefer to ride a bicycle.21. 倍数表达法：A + 谓语+倍数+the +n.(size/ height/ length)+of BA + 谓语+倍数+as + adj. + as BA + 谓语+倍数+adj. 比较级+than B A + 谓语+adj. 比较级+than B+by+倍数1).This square is twice the size of that one. = This square is twice / as large as that one.2).He is 3 years older than I- He is older than I by 3 years22. as/ with表示“随进展”，as 连词 后面接句子，with介词 后面接短语1). With the industry developing, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.As the industry develops, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.23. 强调句结构形式是：It+be的一定形式+被强调成分+ that-who- 分句(只有当被强调成分是句子的人称主语时，连接词才可以用who，此时也可以用that：其余情况下只能用that)。通过这种结构可以强调除谓语动词外的大多数句子成分。例如：1）It was Mary thatwho needed the cash2）It was the cash that Mary needed重点语法一 主从复合句1定语从句 I. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，其作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系代词who人主语Do you know the man who is standing there?whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人宾语Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am workingThe boy (whom) she loved died in the war.whose人，物定语I like those books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. that人，物主语，宾语A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.which物主语，宾语The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as人，物主语，宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略关系副词when时间时间状语I will never forget the day when we met there.可用on whichwhere地点地点状语This is the house where I was born.可用in whichwhy原因原因状语I cant imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.可用for whichII. that与which的用法区别：只用that的情况1. 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时；2. 先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时；3. 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时；4. 先行词既指人又指物时；5. 先行词被the only, the very修饰时；6. 句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时。只用which, who, whom的情况1. 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人；2. 先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。III. as与which的区别：1. 限制性定语从句中，名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which。2. 非限制性定语从句中，as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。2状语从句状语从句可分为：时间状语从句(主要由when，whenever，after，before，a5，slnce，once，assoonas，Until，while等连词引导)；结果状语从句(由sothat和suchthat连接)；让步状语从句(由though，although, no matter，even if, however，whatever等词引导)；原因状语从句(由as，because，since和for引导)；条件状语从句(由if, whether，as long as，provided that等词引导)；地点状语从句(由where引导)，行为方式状语从句(由as引导)。时间和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：The small greenish flowers of the elm tree appear in the Spring, long before the leaves grow.状语从句中的 “主语+be”可以省略，前提是：从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语“be”省略后的结构为“连词+现在分词过去分词介词短语形容词名词短语”。) 例如：When well fitted, glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyesIf necessary，I would like to see you in your office. 3名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句，其中有介词与形容词的宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。1）主语从句主语从句常出现在it is+名词、形容词、分词+主语从句”的形式中。例如：It must be pointed out that you have failed to meet the deadlineIt usually happened that I was late because of traffic jams.主语从句还可用when，where，how，why，whether等连接副词，和who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever等连接代词来引起。例如：How to arrange the meeting is not your taskWhoever will go to the party wont change my mind of staying at home2)宾语从句宾语从句可由that, 疑问代词或副词how，why和where等引出。例如：To postpone the conference until next month indicated that they were unpreparedNearly a11 the staff agreed with what I said由what，whether，how引导的宾语从句可用在介词后，而由that引导的从句只跟but，besides，except，in, save之后。例如:I can hardly believe in what they have done.He doesnt