形容词和副词的比较级和最高级廊坊四中李茗.doc

八年级（上）英语Unit3复习资料形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 定义：大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。一、构成。1. 构成的不规则变化:eg. good / well better best ill/bad / badly worse worstmany / much more most little less least old-older/elder-oldest/eldestfar farther farthest far - further furthest注：older 一般指年龄大小； My father is older than my mother. elder指长幼关系(一般修饰名词作定语); My elder brother is a driver.farther指距离更远；I live farther than him.further指抽像的. I want to study English further. further reading2. 构成的规则变化:1) 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er 或-est. 如：cold colder coldestnice nicer nicestlargelarger - largest2) 重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时, 先双写这个辅音字母, 再加-er或-est。如: big bigger biggest red-redder-reddest fat fatter fattest hothotterhottest wetwetter-wettest thin thinner thinnest slim-slimmer-slimmest sadsadder-saddest4) 多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或most。如：delicious more delicious most deliciousinteresting more interesting most interestingathletic more athletic - - most athleticimportantexpensivebeautifulactive二、比较级用法。1.比较级表示两者 (人或事物) 的比较,明显的标志词than。eg. I am taller than Tom.My dress is more beautiful than hers.数量 + 比较级 than My father is three years older than my mother.2. Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ? Which is easier, maths or English?比较A、B两事物, 问其中哪一个较时用此句型。如：Which apple is bigger, this one or that one? Who is more active, Mary or Kate?Which one is more popular among students, going to concerts or going to movies?3.在形容词比较级前还可用much(的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（更）、a bit(一点儿)来修饰。如：This city is much more beautiful than before. Shes a little more outgoing than me. Its a little colder today. Today is even hotter than yesterday.4.“比较级and比较级”意为“越来越” 。多音节比较级用“more and more形容词原级”形式。如：Its getting worse and worse. The group became more and more popular. 5.The + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越，就越”The more , the better. 越多越好。The more you eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖6. 使用形容词比较级时需注意以下几点：1) than后面接代词时, 一般要用主格形式， 但在口语中也可使用宾格形式。 如：My brother is taller than I / me. 2) 当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, still等来修饰形容词比较级。注意: 比较级不能用very, so, too, quite等修饰。如：He is much more serious than Sam.3) 形容词比较级后面往往用连词than连接另一个比较的人或事物, 但在上下文明确的情况下, 形容词比较级可单独使用。如：My sister is tall, but my aunt is taller.我姐姐个子高, 但我姑姑个子更高。4) is the +比较级 + of the two. Tom is the taller of the two boys. 汤姆是这两个男孩中最高。7. 最高级表示三者或三者以上 (人或事物 ) 的比较, 其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个时, 用最高级。最高级的前面一般要加定冠词 the, 后面可带 of ( in )短语来说明比较的范围。She is the youngest in the class.Jim is the tallest of the three/of his family.Whose handwriting is the best of all? 注： Tom is the tallest boy in his class. =Tom is taller than any other boy in his class. =Tom is taller than the other boys in his class.形容词原级的用法1、very、so、quite、too等词后用原级2、too to ; so that ;as as 中间用原级A + be + not as/so + 原级+ as B A不及B一、词汇题1. Im tall but my sister is _(short).2. My mother has long hair,and my sister has _ (long) hair.3.This little baby is _ (outgoing) than that one.4. In some ways we look the same,in some ways we look _(不同).5. Ann is a very _(安静的) girl, she hardly makes noise.二、选择题1. The twins _ lovely girls.A. are allB. are bothC. both are2. I like drawing and I am good _ it.A. in B. on C. at3. That boxer is _ than others.A. more athleti