中考分话题阅读理解训练11世界与环境.doc

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艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅膄莅薀袈肀莄蚃肃羆蒃螅袆芅蒂蒅肁膁蒁薇袄膇蒀蝿膀肃蒀袂羃莁葿薁螅芇蒈蚄羁膃蒇螆螄聿薆蒆罿羅薅薈螂芄薄蚀羇芀薄袃袀膆薃薂肆肂薂蚄衿莀薁螇肄芆薀衿袇膂虿蕿肂肈芆蚁袅羄芅袃肁莃芄薃羃艿芃蚅腿膅节螈羂肁节袀螅莀芁薀羀芆莀蚂螃膁荿螄羈肇莈蒄螁肃莇蚆肇莂莆蝿衿芈莆袁肅 Topic Eleven The World and The Environment 世界与环境 话说中考 本话题是谈论世界与环境问题。世界与环境相互依存，但是近年来人们为了自身的发展，破坏了环境，环境问题日益突出。中考阅读理解对本话题考查是通过阅读小短文理解大意，从短文中归纳、分析出环境与世界的关系，以及了解环境对世界的重要性和作用。目的是培养学生的环境意识，提高学生对环境问题的认识。这就要求学生在日常生活中重视环境问题，养成热爱环境、保护环境的好习惯。 走进中考(福州2010) Cut the Carbon Footprint Everything you do leaves a carbon footprint(碳足迹)For example，when you travel in a taxi，the car gives off(排放) CO2 into the airCO2 is a greenhouse gasGreenhouse gases make the earth become warmTo protect our environment，we need to leave less of a carbon footprintHow big is your carbon footprint? To get an idea，take a look at the following numbers Living areas TV sets and DVD players produce 723kg of CO2 a year If you turn them off when youre not using them，you can cut that number by 108kg Laundry room(洗衣房) Drying clothes in a dryer produces a lot of CO2 If you use your dryer five times per week，you produce 185kg of CO2 per year Dry your clothes in the sun instead Bathroom If you take an eight-minute shower every day，you produce 616kg of CO2 a year If you only use six minutes to take a shower，you can cut that number by 154kg a year 根据短文内容，判断正误。正确用“T”表示，错误用“F”表示。 ( ) 1CO2 is a greenhouse gas that can make the earth warm ( ) 2Watching TV and traveling in a taxi can produce little CO2 ( ) 3If we use a dryer five times per week，we produce 154kg of CO2 per year ( ) 4If we spend less time taking a shower，we can cut the number of CO2 ( ) 5The less of a carbon footprint we leave，the better our environment will become 解析 1T 根据第一段第三句和第四句话可知 CO2 是一种能使地球变暖的温室气体。 2F 根据“TV sets and DVD players produce 723kg of CO2 a year”和文章标题，可知看电视和开车能产生很多 CO2，不是几乎不产生。所以此句的表述是错误的。 3F 根据“If you use your dryer five times per week，you produce 185kg of CO2 per year”可以判断此句是错误的。 4T 根据每天洗澡 8 分钟和每天洗澡 6 分钟产生的二氧化氮的对比说明，时间越短，产生的二氧化碳就相对越少，所以此句的表述是正确的。 5T 根据“To protect our environment，we need to leave less of a carbon footprint ，可知此句正确。 话题专练一 June 5th is World Environment DayThis makes us pay more attention to our environmentWhen Wang Boxuan，a Beijing high schoolboy，uses up his exercise books，he does not throw them awayEach one is kept at his school with hundreds of exercise books that are given by other studentsThen they are sold to a Beijing paper making factory The paper is recycled and used again by students and teachers in the schoolAt the same time，the money that is made from the sales goes to schools in Inner Mongolia(内蒙古)The government there uses the money to plant more trees and grassThis place is one of the sources(源头) of the sandstorms(沙尘暴) that often attack Beijing during springtime Wangs school is one of the schools in the capital that take part in the green promise environmental protection activitySo far，nearly 210000 students have taken part in the activity，collecting more than 87 tons of waste paper 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 ( ) 1Wang Boxuan and his schoolmates _ waste exercise books Athrow away Bkeep and sell Ccut up Dgive away ( ) 2The money made from the sales is used to _ Abuy new exercise books Bhelp poor students Cplant trees and grass Dbe kept ( ) 3From the third paragraph，we can know that _ Amany years from now，students will have no exercise books to use Bmany years from now，there will be no waste paper Cmany years from now，the sandstorms will be less serious in Beijing Dmany years from now，Beijing will be much dirtier ( ) 4World Environment Day is on _ A六月十五号 B七月十五号 C六月五号 D七月五号 ( ) 5Which of the following is right? AThe paper is recycled and used again by students and teachers in the school BSo far，all students have taken part in the activity，collecting more than 87 tons of waste paper CAt the same time，the money that is made from the sales goes to schools in BeijingDEach one is kept at his school with few exercise books that are given by other students答案：1B 细节判断题。根据第一段段意可知“存着卖掉”(废纸)。2C 由第二段第三句可知这些钱用来植树、种草。3C 根据第二段最后一句可推出“许多年以后，沙尘暴现象将会得到缓解”。4C June 5th 为六月五号。5A 可用排除法。根据短文内容可知只有 A 正确。二 Two magazines recently listed the best cities to live inHere are two of the cities listed as the worlds best SAN JOSE，COSTA RICAThe city has comfortable weather all year round(15 to 26)Housing is not very expensive in San JoseAlso，many of the citys older neighborhoods are very beautiful and have small hotels and cafes(咖啡馆)Beautiful mountains are around the cityYou can visit them easily from San JoseSo lots of people go sightseeing there every yearBut air pollution is a problem in the city center HONG KONG，CHINA This lively city once a small fishing village is today an international business centerIt is an interesting mix of East and West，old and newModern tall buildings are next to small temples(庙宇)Popular nightclubs are close to traditional teahousesBusy people fill the streets at all hours of the dayBut outside the city，there are parks for walking or relaxingHong Kong is famous for its wonderful native dishesTheres also food from Europe，North America，and other parts of AsiaHowever，this small city has a large populationNearly seven million people live in Hong Kong! Thats why housi