PassiveVoice动词时态讲解1.doc

被动语态1.一般现在时 动词原形 (表示经常或习惯性的动作) My father reads newspapers in the morning . 一般现在时被动语态构成方式：am/is/are+及物动词过去分词(done) Newspapers are read in the morning by my father . 2.一般过去时 动词的过去式 （表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态） They invited me to the concert.一般过去时被动语态构成方式：was/were+及物动词过去分词 I was invited to the concert by they . I was asked to answer a question by the teacher.3.一般将来时 shall/will/be going to +动词原形 （表示将来发生的动作或情况） We will visit the famous school tomorrow. We are going to take the taxi to the bus station . 一般将来时被动语态构成方式：shall/will/be going to + be + 及物动词过去分词(done) The famous school will be visited by us tomorrow.4.现在完成时 has/have 动词-ed形式（一个表示“已完成”，与时间状语连用。一个表示“未完成”表示过去持续到现在的动作或状态，不与时间状语连用） We have planned the party since new year. I have finished my homework last class .现在完成时被动语态构成方式：has/have been +及物动词过去分词 The party has been planned since new year.5. 过去完成时 had 动词-ed形式（表示到过去某一时间动作已经完成或延续到某一过去时间的动作或状态，“过去的过去”）They had planted 20 trees when I arrived. 过去完成时被动语态构成方式：had been+及物动词过去分词 Twenty trees had been planted When I arrived.6. 现在进行时 am/is /are+动词-ing形式 （表示正在进行或具有持续性、暂时性和未完成性的动作）They are discussing the problem.The girl is writing a book. 现在进行时被动语态构成方式：am/is/are+being+及物动词过去分词 The problem is being discussed. A book is being writen by the girl.7.过去进行时 was/were +动词-ing形式（表示过去某个时刻或时候正在进行的动作） Mike was mending a car at 6 yesterday evening. 过去进行时被动语态构成方式： was/were +being+及物动词过去分词 A car was being mended at 6 yesterday evening.8. 主动表被动的若干情形 联系动词（如look sound smell,feel,taste,prove等)要用主动表被动。 The garden looks very beautiful .Your idea proved to be wrong .不及物动词用作不及物且表属性词（如 open,close,shut,read,lock,wash,cook,wear,carry等）常用主动表被动The window will not shut .The book sells quickly.含被动意味的词常用主动表被动Her skirt caught on the nail. Her eyes filled with tears.不定式to blame,to let 用作表语时，常用主动表被动Who is to blame ?The house is to let .某些“be 形容词 to do ”结构中常用主动表被动The poem is difficult to understand .The music is not pleasant to listen to .不定式用于某些词（have,get want need等），如果句子的逻辑主语是句子的主语时，常用主动表被动Do you have time to help us .I have some clothes to wash .注：若不定式逻辑主语不是句子的主语，应用被动语态I have something to type .(自己打）I have something to type .(让别人打） 在too to do sth 和 enough to do sth 中，若句子主语与后面不定式为被动关系时，该不定式用主动表被动(也可用被动） The writing is to faint to read . Be worth 后的动名词用主动表被动The movie is worth seeing .She is not worth getting angry with . 在need,want,require等少数表示需要的名词后的动名词用主动表被动 The room needs cleaning . This wall requires repairing .注：该结构中动名词若换成不定式则要用被动，The room needs to be cleaned . This wall requires to be repaired .情态动词 must/should/can be done（情态动词be及物动词过去分词） We must do this as soon as possible. This must be done as soon as possible. The stairs are very dangerous. We should repair them at once.The stairs are very dangerous.They should be repaired at once.see/ hear sb. do sth.sth. be seen/heard to do . I saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house. She hears him sing in the room. He is heard to sing in the room.双宾语的情况 He told her a long story. She was told a long story. A long story was told to her. Mother bought me a new coat. I was bought a new coat. A new coat was bought for me.Exercises 将下面的句子转换成被动句。 1.She does her homework everyday.2.Kate did some dishes yesterday evening.3.My friend will buy a new carnext year.4.His brother has finished his study in that university.5.They had eaten all the food when I got there.6.Our classmates are having a Christmas party.