英语口语对话100组及初一语法总结.doc

举报 1.Good morning.早上好。 2.Good afternoon. 下午好。 3.How are you.Im fine，thank you. 你好么？我很好，谢谢。 4.Are you fine today？ 你今天还好么？ 5.Whats your name？ 你叫什么名字？ 6.This is my twin brother， 这是我的双胞胎兄弟。 7.What is it？Its a photo of my family. 这是什么？这是我的一张全家福 8.Who is she？She is my sister. 她是谁？她是我的姐妹。 9.Whos this man？ He is my father. 这个男的是谁？他是我的爸爸。 10.Whats he？He is a doctor. 他是干什么工作的？他是一位医生。 11.Is this your mother？ Yes，shes a worker. 这是你的妈妈么？是的，她是一位工人。 12.Are we classmates？Yes ，we are. 我们是同学么？是的，我们是同学。 13.How old are you？Im twelve. 你多大了？ 我十二岁了。 14.Hes my cousin Andy. 他是我的堂兄安蒂。 15.Hes polite and helpful. 他很有礼貌而且乐于助人。 16.She is short and slim. 她又矮又瘦。 17.He is tall and strong. 他又高又壮。 18.He is from England.Hes English. 他来自英格兰，他是英国人。 19.I have a photo here. 我这边有张照片。 20.Let me have a look. 让我看一下。 21.Is this their dog？ 这是他们的狗么？ 22.Do you know this boy？ 你认识这个男孩么？ 23.Look at them. 看他们。 24.They are happy too. 他们也很高兴。 25.All my new classmates 我所有的新同学 26.Open/Close the door. 打开/关上门。 27.Stand up./ Sit down. 站起来/坐下。 28.clean the window 擦窗户 29.go to school 去学校 30.You are late.Dont be late again. 你迟到了。别再迟到了。 31.There are sixteen boys and fourteen girls in my class. 我们班里有十六个男孩和十四个女孩。 32.an art room 一间美术室 33.a poster 一张招贴画 34.fifteen rubbers 十五块橡皮 35.eighteen pencils 十八支铅笔 36.twenty students 二十个学生 37.Is this your school？ 这是你的学校么？ 38.Is there a computer room in your school？ 你的学校有一个电脑房么？ 39.football field 足球场 40.How many classrooms are there in your school？ 你的学校有多少间教室？ 41.an office 一个办公室 42.a toilet 一间厕所 43.a library 一个图书馆 44.Are there three buildings in Toms school？ 汤姆的学校里有三座大楼。 45.Are there three art rooms in Building C？ 在 C 栋大楼里有三间美术室 46.Is there a playground in Toms school？ 汤姆的学校里有一个操场么？ 47.How many halls are there in your school？ 你的学校里有几个礼堂？ 48.There are two hundred students in my school. 我的学校有两百个学生。 49.On the ground floor. 在一楼（英式） 50.On the first floor. 在一楼（美式）在二楼（英式） 51.There arent any libraries in my school ，but there are some reading rooms. 我们学校没有图书馆，但有阅览室 52.Are there any libraries in the school？ 学校里有图书馆么？ 53.basketball court 篮球场 54.dining hall 食堂 55.reading room 阅览室 56.where is the bird？ Its in the tree. 小鸟在哪？它在树上。 57.where are the students？They are on the playground. 学生们在哪？他们在操场上。 58.on the left/right of 在左边/在右边 59.whats in the tree？ 什么东西在树上？ 60.Some boats are on tne lake. 湖上有一些船。 61.behind the tree 在树的后面 62.under the chair 在椅子的下面 63.come here 到这儿来 64.in the middle of 在的中间 65.between the two flowers 在两朵花的中间 66.whats in the box？ 盒子里是什么？ 67.what colour is it/are they？ 它/它们是什么颜色 68.what are these？ They are Dads black trousers. 这些是什么？它们是爸爸的黑裤子。 69.her yellow blouse 她的黄色的衬衫 70.her pink sweater 她的粉红色的毛衣 71.his brown cap 他的棕色的帽子 72.his red T-shirt 他的红色的短袖衬衫 73.his blue jeans 他的蓝色的牛仔裤 74.her grey skirt 他的灰色的裙子 75.whose bike is it？ 它是谁的车？ 76.Here is your coat. 这是你的外套 77.Take your kites. 把你们的风筝拿走。 78.Here you are 给你 79.Here they are.And here are your socks. 它们在这儿，这是你的袜子。 80.Here are my pictures. 这是我的图片。 81.Do you have a camera？ 你有一架相机么？ 82.comic book 漫画书 83.Do you have any bats？ 你有球拍么？ 84.model plane 模型飞机 85.whose ball is this？Is it yours？ No，its not mine ，its hers. 这是谁的球？是你的么？不，不是我的，它是她的。 86.every student has 每个学生有 87.what do they have in their lockers？ 他们的储物柜里有些什么？ 88.a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 89.what about Millie？ 米莉怎么样？ 90.beside 在旁边 91.sports shoes 运动鞋 92.whose watch is this？ 这是谁的手表？ 93.Are these hair clips yours？ 这些发卡是你的么？ 94.I dont have any yellow hair clips. 我没有黄色的发卡。 95.Whose bats are these？ 这些是谁的球拍？ 96.Who has a pet in your class？Many students have. 你们班谁有宠物？很多学生都有。 97.What pets are they？ 他们是些什么宠物？ 98.We can play football there. 我们可以在那儿踢足球 99.You cant bring your dog here. 你不能把你的狗带到这儿来。 100.Look at the sign. 看这个标志。 下面对初一语法做以简单归纳： 一、词法 1、名词 A）、名词的数 我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下： 一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯 五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员 九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡 十一） 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或s。如：Is (Is), Ks (Ks)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen B）名词的格 当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下： 一）单数在后面加s。如：brothers, Mikes, teachers 二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers Day教师节, classmates; Childrens Day六一节, Womens Day三八节 三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Bens room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mikes and Bens rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间） 2、代词 项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词 人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself he him his his himself it it its its this that itself 复数 they them their theirs these those themselves 3、动词 A） 第三人称单数 当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下： 一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四）以o结尾加es。如：does, goes 五）特殊的有：are-is, have-has B） 现在分词 当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下： 一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show showing, draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning 四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于 4、形容词的级 我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下： 一） 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter shortest, taller tallest, longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest 二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三） 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远) good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill worse worst little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest 5、数词 (基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth 二、句式 1.陈述句 肯定陈述句 a) This is a book. (be动词) b) He looks very young. (连系动词) c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词) d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词) e) Theres a computer on my desk. (There be结构) 否定陈述句 a) These arent their books. b) They dont look nice. c) Kate doesnt go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate cant find her doll. e) There isnt a cat here. (=Theres no cat here.) 2. 祈使句 肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Lets learn English! c) Come in, please. 否定祈使句a) Dont be late. b) Dont hurry. 3. 疑问句 1) 一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad? d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading? 肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is. 否定回答: a) No, he isnt. b) No, you cant. c) No, she doesnt. d) No, they dont. e) No, she isnt. 2) 选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 Its big./ Its small. 3) 特殊疑问句 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve. 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies. 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine. 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K. How do we contact you? My e-mail address is . 问原因 Why do you want to join the club? 问时间 Whats the time? (=What time is it?) Its a quarter to ten a.m. What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five oclock. When do you want to go? Lets go at 7:00. 问地方 Wheres my backpack? Its under the table. 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue. Whats your favourite color? Its black. 问人物 Whos that? Its my sister. Who is the boy in blue? My brother. Who isnt at school? Peter and Emma. Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? 问东西 Whats this/that (in English)? Its a pencil case. What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers. 11问姓名 Whats your aunts name? Her name is Helen./Shes Helen. Whats your first name? My first names Ben. Whats your family name? My family names Smith. 12 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box. 13 问字母 What letter is it? Its big D/small f. 14 问价格 How much are these pants? Theyre 15 dollars. 15 问电话号码 Whats your phone number? Its 576-8349. 16 问谓语(动作) Whats he doing? Hes watching TV. 17 问职业(身份) What do you do? Im a teacher. Whats your father? Hes a doctor. 三、时态 1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有： Be 动词：Shes a worker. Is she a worker? She isnt a worker. 情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I cant play the piano. 行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They dont want to eat any tomatoes. Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesnt have a watch. 2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它. Im playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? Im not playing baseball. Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isnt writing a letter. Theyre listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They arent listening to the pop music. Nowadays ,more and more college students are now engaged in part-time jobs. They work in their spare time as private tutors, salesmen, waiters or shop assistants. People wonder whether it is good for students to do so.Some people think that working in spare time will interfere with the students study as they think the students task is to study and failure in his lessons will surely cast shadows on his future life. Of course their worry is reasonable. The others believe that taking spare-time jobs has many advantages and the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Firstly, the students can earn money to support themselves by doing spare-time jobs, thus reducing our parents financial burden. Secondly , doing part-time jobs can improve our communication skills rapidly as well as demonstrate our ability by putting what we learn on campus into practice. Finally, doing part-time jobs helps us to gain some social experience In my opinion, taking part-time jobs can provide us students with more chances of social practice, which benefits us both psychologically and economically if we keep a balance between study and jobs.In Bill Gates Book for high school and college graduates, there is a list of 11 things they did not learn in school. In his book, Bill Gates talks about how feel good, politically-correct teachings created a full generation of kids with no concept of reality and how this education set them up for failure in the real world. 在比尔盖茨写给高中毕业生和大学毕业生的书里，有一个单子上面列有11项学生在学校里学不到的事情。比尔盖茨谈到“政治正确”的教导培养出一整代不知现实为何物，却还感觉良好的年轻人，而这种教育只能使年轻人成为现实世界中的失败者。 The 11 things are: 这11项事情是： 1. Life is not fair, get used to it. 生活是不公平的，你要去适应它。 2. The world wont care about your self-esteem. The world will expect you to accomplish something before you feel good about yourself. 世界并不会在意你的自尊。这世界指望你在自我感觉良好之前先要有所成就。 3. You will not make 40 thousand dollars a year right out of high school. You wont be a vice president with a car phone, until you earn both. 高中刚毕业你不会一年挣4万美元。你不会成为一个公司的副总裁，并拥有一部装有电话的汽车，直到你将此职位和汽车电话都挣到手。 4. If you think your teacher is tough, wait till you get a boss. He doesnt have tenure. 如果你认为你的老师严厉，等你有了老板再这样想。老板可是没有任期限制的。 5. Flipping burgers is not beneath your dignity. Your grandparents had a different word for burger flipping; they called it opportunity. 烙牛肉饼并不有损你的尊严。你的祖父母对烙牛