大工《水利工程实验一》实验报告答案.doc

We will continue to improve the companys internal control system, and steady improvement in ability to manage and control, optimize business processes, to ensure smooth processes, responsibilities in place; to further strengthen internal controls, play a control post independent oversight role of evaluation complying with third-party responsibility; to actively make use of internal audit tools detect potential management, streamline, standardize related transactions, strengthening operations in accordance with law. Deepening the information management to ensure full communication zero resistance. To constantly perfect ERP, and BFS+, and PI, and MIS, and SCM, information system based construction, full integration information system, achieved information resources shared; to expand Portal system application of breadth and depth, play information system on enterprise of Assistant role; to perfect daily run maintenance operation of records, promote problem reasons analysis and system handover; to strengthening BFS+, and ERP, and SCM, technology application of training, improve employees application information system of capacity and level. Humanistic care to ensure zero. To strengthening Humanities care, continues to foster company wind clear, and gas are, and heart Shun of culture atmosphere; strengthening love helped trapped, care difficult employees; carried out style activities, rich employees life; strengthening health and labour protection, organization career health medical, control career against; continues to implementation psychological warning prevention system, training employees health of character, and stable of mood and enterprising of attitude, created friendly fraternity of Humanities environment. To strengthen risk management, ensure that the business of zero risk. To strengthened business plans management, will business business plans cover to all level, ensure the business can control in control; to close concern financial, and coal electric linkage, and energy-saving scheduling, national policy trends, strengthening track, active should; to implementation State-owned assets method, further specification business financial management; to perfect risk tube control system, achieved risk recognition, and measure, and assessment, and report, and control feedback of closed ring management, improve risk prevention capacity. To further standardize trading, and strive to achieve according to law, standardize and fair. Innovation of performance management, to ensure that potential employees zero fly. To strengthen performance management, process control, enhance employee evaluation and levels of effective communication to improve performance management. To further quantify and refine employee standards . Work, full play party, and branch, and members in five type Enterprise construction in the of core role, and fighting fortress role and pioneer model role; to continues to strengthening four good leadership construction姓 名： 许豫昆 报名编号： 学习中心： 昆明五华智源培训学校学习中心 层 次： 高起专 （高起专或专升本）专 业： 水利水电建筑工程 实验一：混凝土实验一、实验目的：1、熟悉混凝土的技术性质和成型养护方法； 2、掌握混凝土拌和物工作性的测定和评定方法； 3、通过检验混凝土立方体抗压强度，掌握有关强度的评定方法。 二、配合比信息：1基本设计指标（1）设计强度等级 C30 （2）设计砼坍落度 30-50mm 2原材料（1）水泥：种类 P.C 32.5复合硅酸盐水泥 强度等级 32.5Mpa （2）砂子：种类 河砂 细度模数 2.6 （3）石子：种类 碎石 粒 级 5-31.5mm，连续级配 （4）水： 洁净的淡水或蒸馏水 3配合比：(kg/m3)材料水泥砂碎石水水灰比砂率1m3用量(kg)47560011252000.4235%称量精度0.5%1%1%0.5%-15L用量(kg)7.1259.016.87530.4235%三、实验内容：第1部分：混凝土拌合物工作性的测定和评价1、实验仪器、设备：电子秤（称量50kg，感量50g）；量筒（200mL、1000mL）；拌铲，拌板（1.5m2m左右），盛器；稠度测定仪；插捣棒（直径16mm、长600mm的钢棒，端部呈半球形；金属底板等 2、实验数据及结果工作性参数测试结果坍落度，mm40粘聚性良好保水性良好第2部分：混凝土力学性能检验1、实验仪器、设备：标准试模(150mm150 mm150mm）、振动台、压力实验机（测量精度为1%，试件破坏荷载应大于压力实验机全量程的20%；且小于压力实验机全量程的80%）、标准养护室等2、实验数据及结果试件编号1#2#3#破坏荷载F，kN710.57869.02873.32抗压强度，MPa其中（，A=22500mm2）31.638.638.8抗压强度代表值，MPa38.6四、实验结果分析与判定：（1）混凝土拌合物工作性是否满足设计要求，是如何判定的？混凝土拌合物工作性满足设计要求。混凝土拌和物的坍落度为40mm，满足设计要求的坍落度30-50mm，并且用捣棒在已坍落的拌合物锥体一侧轻打，锥体渐渐下沉，表示粘聚性良好，提起塌落度筒后仅有少量稀浆从底部析出表示混凝土拌和物的保水性良好。（2）混凝土立方体抗压强度是否满足设计要求。是如何判定的？ 混凝土立方体抗压强度满足设计要求。该组试件抗压强度分别为31.6 MPa、38.6 MPa、38.8 MPa ，因31.6 与38.6的差值大于38.6的15%，因此把最大值及最小值一并舍去，取38.6 MPa 作为该组试件的抗压强度值，C30混凝土的试配强度为38.2MPa，该组试件的抗压强度为38.6MPa试配强度38.2MPa。故所测混凝土强度满足设计要求。实验二：全站仪的认识与使用一、全站仪的特点：（1） 采用同轴双速制、微动机构，使照准更加快捷、准确。 （2）控制面板具有人机对话功能。控制面板由键盘和显示屏组成。除照准以外的各种测量功能和参数均可通过键盘来实现。仪器的两侧均有控制面板，操作十分方便。（3）设有双向倾斜补偿器，可以自动对水平和竖直方向进行修正，以消除竖轴倾斜误差的影响。（4）机内设有测量应用软件，可以方便地进行三维坐标测量、导线测量、对边测量、悬高测量、偏心测量、后方交会、放样测量等工作。二、全站仪的构造：全站仪基本结构与传统经纬仪类似，主要可以分为： 基座、照准部、永远镜、电子测距系统、电子测角部分、外部判读部分-显示屏、电池。电子全站仪由电源部分、测角系统、测距系统、数据处理部分、通讯接口、及显示屏、键盘等组成。三、全站仪的安装：(1)架设三脚架使架腿等长，架头位于测点上近似水平，三脚架腿牢固地支撑与地面上。 (2)将仪器放置三脚架架头上，一只手握住仪器，另一只手旋紧中心螺旋。 (3)通过光学对中器目境观察，旋转对中器的目镜至分划板十字丝看得最清楚，再旋转对中器调焦环观看地面点，调整仪器对中。 四、全站仪的测量结果测量项目测试结果角度测量仪器测试结果显示水平角及目标B垂直角。距离测量距离测量的结果有两种：一为斜距测量，一为高差/平距测量。坐标测量全站仪会自动算出放样点的水平角计算值与仪器到放样点的水平距离计算值。找寻放样点的具体位置。实验三：水准测量实验一、实验目的：（1）了解水准仪的基本构造，认清其主要部件的名称，性能和作用。（2）练习水准仪的正确安置、瞄准和读数。（3）掌握普通水准测量的施测、记录、计算、闭合差调整及高程计算的方法。二、实验原理：利用水准仪提供的水平视线在两把尺上读取水准尺的读数，用所读取的数据计算出两点间的高差，从而由已知点的高程推算出未知点的高程。三、实验内容：1、实验仪器、工具：水准仪，水准脚架以及尺和尺垫。水准仪：由望远镜、水准器和基座组成。望远镜：物镜、目镜、十字丝（上丝、中丝以及下丝）。水准器：圆水准器（整平）、水准管（精平）。特征：气泡始终向高处移动。水准尺：主要有单面尺、双面尺和塔尺。尺 垫：放在转点上，以防水准尺下沉。2、水准仪的操作程序：粗平瞄准精平读数粗平：通过调节脚螺旋使圆水准气泡居中。调整脚螺旋的规律是，气泡移动方向与左手拇指方向一致，如图所示。方法：对向转动角螺旋1、2，使气泡移至1、2方向中间，转动角螺旋3，使气泡居中。粗平的操作方法示意图瞄准：先用准星器粗瞄，再用微动螺旋精瞄。精平：本次实验运用是S3BZ型自动安平水准仪，自动安平水准仪不需要精平。若不是自动安平水准仪则需要精平。读数：精平后用十字丝的中丝在水准尺上读数，方法是，单位米看尺面上的注记；分米，厘米数在尺面上的格数；毫米是估读。规律是，读数在尺面上由小到大的方向读，若仪器成倒像，从上向下读；若成正像，则从下向上读。3、实验数据及结果水准测量记录表测站编号点号后尺下丝前尺下丝标尺读数（m）后尺-前尺（m）高差中数（m）高差改正（m）高程（m）上丝上丝后视距前视距后尺前尺视距差d114（3）（6）（15）（18）13.650259101.2340.9600.274111222.8370.8311.2620.221.0422.44112.2552.8490.05834.832.30.8231.442-0.6192.52.532.5481.2842.3381.0761.2621.26313.3302.1380.8714141.31.6381.1660.472-0.32.241.5811.541.4091.2720.1370.13613.2101.2321.08934.935.21.1351.257-0.122-0.31.91-13.650辅助计算实验四：水力学渗流电模拟实验一、实验目的：1、了解渗流的水电比拟法试验原理。2、熟悉整个试验操渗透流量操作过程。3、利用流网求渗流速度和渗透流量。 二、实验设备简图三、实验数据1、已知数据（1）渗透系数k = 610-5 cm/s（2）上、下游水头差H = 50 cm2、实测数据与计算数据（1）数据记录（见附表1 实验数据记录表。部分数据须同学们自己在所给的流网中读出，并将附表1补充完整）（2）流网图（见附图1 流网图）（3）计算结果四、实验结果分析及回答思考题1、实验盘为何要求水平？答：实验盘水平时，水均匀分布在盘中，即盘中各处水深一致。这样，整个水体的电阻就是均匀对应的是均质各向同性的土。附表1 实验数据记录表等势线987654321测点坐标xyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxy1-4.814-4.611.6-4.6-4.4-4.312.40.2152.84.514.5514.82-9.612.7-9.39.2-7.3-4.30.86.21.59.357.211.210.212.83-14.511-14.15.6-8.7-4.9-0.21.43.44.78.911.57.914.911.44-19.89.4-17.52.9-11.5-5.80.3-3.55.8-1.112.214.94.919.6105-248.4-20.60.7-14.3-6.90.6-8.88-7.71520.91.424.28.9附图1 流网图清正廉洁是为政之本。在市政管理建设中，我要牢固树立廉洁勤政信念，坚持遵守纪律不打折扣、执行政策不走样子，反腐倡廉不搞形式。大力推行政务公开，对群众关心play levels cadres in enterprise development in the of backbone backbone role; to full strengthening members youth work, full play youth employees in company development in the of force role; to improve independent Commission against corruption work level, strengthening on enterprise business key link of effectiveness monitored. , And maintain stability. To further strengthen publicity and education, improve the overall legal system. We must strengthen safety management, establish and improve the education, supervision, and evaluation as one of the traffic safety management mechanism. To conscientiously sum up the Olympic security controls, promoting integrated management to a higher level, higher