2018_2019学年高考英语一轮复习Lifeinthefuture讲义新人教版.docx

Unit 3 Life in the future一、刷黑板.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1jet n喷气式飞机2tablet n. 药片3capsule n. 太空舱；胶囊4steward n. 乘务员；服务员5stewardess n. 女乘务员6opening n. (出入的)通路；开口；开端 第二屏听写7sideways adv. 往(向、从)一侧；侧着；侧面朝前8mask n. 面具；面罩；伪装9flash vt.& vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现10pessimistic adj. 悲观(主义)的11typist n. 打字员12typewriter n. 打字机 第三屏听写13postage n 邮资14postcode n. 邮政编码15receiver n. 接受者；接收器；电话听筒16swallow vt. 吞下；咽下17representative n. 代表；典型人物adj. 典型的；有代表性的18motivation n. 动机 第四屏听写.高频词汇(汉译英)1aspect n 方面；层面2impression n. 印象；感想；印记3constant adj. 时常发生的；连续不断的4constantly adv. 不断地5previous adj. 在前的；早先的6uncertain adj. 不确切的；无把握的7guide n. 指导；向导；导游vt. 指引；指导8surroundings n. 周围的事物；环境9surrounding adj. 周围的 第五屏听写10tolerate vt.容忍；忍受11lack vi.& vt. 缺乏；没有n. 缺乏；短缺的东西12adjustment n. 调整；调节13carriage n. 运输工具；四轮马车；客车14press vi.& vt. 按；压；逼迫n. 按；压；印刷；新闻15fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢 第六屏听写16belt n腰带；皮带17switch n. 开关；转换vt. 转换18timetable n. 时间表；时刻表19optimistic adj. 乐观(主义)的20mud n. 泥(浆)21desert n. 沙漠；荒原22citizen n. 公民；居民；市民 第七屏听写23button n纽扣；按钮24instant n. 瞬间；片刻adj. 立即的；立刻的25dustbin n. 垃圾箱26ecology n. 生态；生态学27greedy adj. 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的28material n. 原料；材料29recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用 第八屏听写30goods n 货物31settlement n. 定居；解决32take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续33be_back_on_ones_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原34safety_belt 安全带35lose_sight_of_. 看不见36sweep_up 打扫；横扫37slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进38speed_up 加速 二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.jet n喷气式飞机2tablet n. 药片3capsule n. 太空舱；胶囊4steward n. 乘务员；服务员5stewardess n. 女乘务员6opening n(出入的)通路；开口；开端7.sideways adv.往(向、从)一侧；侧着；侧面朝前8mask n面具；面罩；伪装9flash vt.& vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现10pessimistic adj.悲观(主义)的11typist n. 打字员12typewriter n. 打字机13.postage n邮资14postcode n. 邮政编码15receiver n. 接受者；接收器；电话听筒16swallow vt. 吞下；咽下17representative n代表；典型人物adj. 典型的；有代表性的18motivation n. 动机表达单词1.aspect n方面；层面2timetable n. 时间表；时刻表3dustbin n. 垃圾箱4previous_ adj. 在前的；早先的5uncertain adj. 不确切的；无把握的6guide n. 指导；向导；导游vt. 指引；指导；引导7lack vi.&vt. 缺乏；没有n. 缺乏；短缺的东西8fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢9switch n. 开关；转换vt. 转换10desert n. 沙漠；荒原11greedy adj. 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的；渴望的12recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用语境活用1They were both uncertain (无把握的) about what to do and went to their uncle for help.2More young people are making the switch (转换) to online job seeking.3We are taking off now. Please fasten (系牢) your safety belt.4It is more complicated than our previous (早先的) thought.5If a student lacks (缺乏) the motivation to study, he or she will quickly become tired of studying.6The shop assistant guided (引导) me to the shelf where the gardening books were displayed.7As a diligent student, he is greedy (渴望的) for success.8The recycled (再利用) water is used to water plants.9A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert (沙漠)拓展单词1.impression n印象；感想；印记impress v使留下印象impressive adj.给人以深刻印象的2constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的constantly adv.不断地3surroundings n周围的事物；环境surround vt.环绕；包围surrounding adj.周围的4press vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；新闻；印刷pressure n压力5adjustment n调整；调节adjust vt.调整；调节6tolerate vt.容忍；忍受tolerance n容忍；忍受tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的7instant n瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的instantly adv.立即；立刻conj.一就8settlement n定居；协议；解决settle v定居；解决settler n定居者语境活用1They have decided to make a few adjustments (adjust) to their travelling plan.2We are in instant need of help. Please tell us instantly they arrive.(instant)3I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class and no one will be tolerant of that.(tolerate)4The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place. Especially the famous West Lake always leaves quite an impression on the visitors. I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it.(impress)5The famous star was enjoying the pleasant surroundings when he was recognized and was surrounded by a crowd of fans. (surround)6An official was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement.(settle)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.take_up拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用2suffer_from 患有(疾病等)；遭受3as_a_result 结果；因此4be_greedy_for_. 对贪婪5(a)_lack_of 缺乏6be_back_on_ones_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原7lose_sight_of_. 看不见8in_all_directions 向四面八方9sweep_up 打扫；横扫10slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进11remind_sb._of_. 使某人想起12speed_up 加速1.Tom thought carefully for several days and decided to take_up the job.2Nobody noticed when he entered the classroom; he slid_into it from the back door.3Dont leave her alone to sweep_up the house after the party.4Many countries are faced with the problem about how to speed_up economic development.5I watched the plane go higher and higher until I lost_sight_of it.6First of all, peoples health is threatened and some of them even suffer_from diseases such as coughing.7Its celebration of the diversity of delicious local food around China reminds me of the food in my hometown.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。be difficult to do .常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。一方面，很多人没有房子居住，另外一方面，很多楼盘很难卖出。On the one hand, there are still lots of people having no houses to live in. On the other hand, many apartments are_difficult_to_sell_out. 2.However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.可是，当我们到达一个看上去像大市场的地方时，由于太多气垫车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。what引导名词性从句。不是故事本身，而是故事所反映出来的问题最重要。(2015福建高考书面表达)It is not the story itself but what_is_reflected_in_the_story that counts. 3.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。形容词(短语)作状语。又累又渴，他走进一家茶馆，一个机器人侍者迅速过来招待他。Tired_and_thirsty,_he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.4.Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century.太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。地点状语放于句首，句子使用全部倒装句式。在我们房子的前面有一棵1 000多年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。In front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of over 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now. (四)初中考点再回顾高频考查类记熟文化差异类辨清易忘易错类勤览1.share_everything分享一切2so_far 迄今为止3stay_up_late 熬夜4stick to 坚持5study for a test 复习应考6talent show 才艺表演1.sleepy_adj.困倦的 2asleep adj. 睡熟的3put sth. to good use 好好利用某物4score two goals 进了两个球5The scores doubled. 成绩翻番。6in a row 连续几次1.weigh ten tons称起来10吨重2measure ten meters long 量起来10米长3in the shower 在沐浴4have a shower 洗澡5be an inspiration to sb.对某人来说是个鼓励6a soccer competition 足球赛一、过重点单词1tolerate vt.容忍；忍受教材原句At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。(1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)tolerance n. 宽容；容忍；忍受tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的多角练透单句语法填空I cant tolerate working (work) with Kate in the same office. She just refuses to stop talking while she works.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go.补全句子In some experts opinion, living conditions on the Mars are_very_hard_to_tolerate.在一些专家的眼中，火星上的生活条件非常艰苦难以忍受。2lack v没有；缺乏n.缺乏；短缺的东西教材原句Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。(1)lackn.缺乏lack forn. 缺少(2)for/through lack ofn. 因缺乏a lack ofn. 缺乏no lack of 不缺乏(3)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in 缺少多角练透单句语法填空For lack of human protection, the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller. Its not that exercise makes you healthy; its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.As I look back on that day now, it surely lacks (lack) any sense of reality.Though Jack was lacking in experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.一句多译她不如此受欢迎的原因是缺乏幽默。A_lack_of humor accounts for her unpopularity. The reason why she is not so popular is that_she_lacks_humor.Lacking_in humor, she is not popular.名师指津lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态)，也可作不及物动词用；形容词lacking常与in连用。3instant n瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的教材原句 You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant its sent.你把金属带放在头上，整理思路，按下发送按钮，然后想着你要发送的信息，刹那间信息就发出去了。(1)in an instantinstantly立刻；马上for an instant 一瞬间；顷刻一就多角练透单句语法填空He paused for an instant before continuing.In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.一句多译让我非常惊讶的是，她一读那封信就哭了起来。Much to my surprise, she burst into tears the_instant she read the letter.Much to my surprise, she burst into tears instantly she read the letter.单句语法填空1His fluent English and profound knowledge make a deep impression on others.2The accident caused 3 deaths and 20 got injured, which happened previous to his arrival there.3I cant tolerate you speaking (speak) to your mother in such a rude manner.4After the explosion the army blocked the surrounding (surround) area and forbad anyone to enter it.5He did not finish his schooling for lack of money.6We feel quite unfit because the bank is_pressing (press) us for repayment of the loan.单句改错1Deeply impressed on its beauty, I fell in love with Guilin. onby2It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surrounding.surroundingsurroundings3Previous to come here, I worked in Paris. comecoming4The school cannot tolerate cheat in exams.cheatcheating5It is so greedy for you to leave none of the cake for everyone else.第一个forof.补全句子/一句多译1你一到云南就请给我发电子邮件。(the instant/instantly) Please send me an email the_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan.2我总是梦想着拥有一座被树木和鲜花环绕的房子。(surround)I am always dreaming of having a house surrounded_by/with_trees_and_flowers.3尽管目前的形式很不令人满意，但是我对于公司的未来是乐观的。(optimistic)Though the present situation is far from satisfactory, Im_very_optimistic_about_the_future _of_our_company. 4父亲使我铭记努力工作的重要性。Father impressed_the_importance_of_working_hard_on me.(impress . on .)Father impressed_me_with_the_importance_of working hard. (impress . with .)二、过短语、句式1take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间、空间、物品等) 教材原句I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。一词多义写出下列句中take up的含义We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占用She took up the story where Tim had left off.继续I always take up the book and read when I am in my low spirits.拿起Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.开始从事Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受归纳拓展take down写下；拆除；取下take in 收留；吸收；欺骗；领会；理解take off 脱掉；起飞；突然成功take on 雇用；呈现；承担take over 接任；接替；采用He didnt take in what he read because his mind was focused on something else.他没有领会他阅读的东西，因为他的思想在其他事情上。2lose sight of看不见；忽略；忘记教材原句However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.可是，当我们到达一个看上去像大市场的地方时，由于太多气垫车朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。(1)catch sight of望见；看到lose ones sight 失明come into sight 进入视野内；映入眼帘(2)at first sight 乍一看at the sight of 看到out of sight 看不到in/within sight 在视野内多角练透单句改错They fell in love at the first sight, and three months later, they got married.去掉first前的theAt sight of his mother, the boy ran to her.sight前加the补全句子Only a shortsighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。The wind parted the smoke just enough for him to catch_sight_of Sibson.风吹散了烟使得他正好能够看见西布森。At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out_of_sight.在火车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。3speed up加速教材原句 When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up, we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go.当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们就用力踏驱动踏板，并且向想去的方向俯身。(1)reduce speedslow down减速pick up speed 逐渐加速(2)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of . 以速度多角练透单句语法填空The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！”“Slow down！” “Turn left！”Our physics teacher said that light travels at a speed of 300,000km per second.单句写作显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加速达到我们的目标。(2013四川高考书面表达)Obviously, a good learning habit can_help_us_to_speed_up_to_reach our destinations.名师指津speed的过去式、过去分词有两种形式：speeded, speeded 或sped, sped。常见的“动词up”的短语hold up举起；耽搁；延迟keep up 保持；维持set up 建造；创立bring up 教育；培养；抚养build up 逐步建立turn up 出现；露面clear up 整理；收拾；(天空)放晴 4形容词(短语)作状语Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。Too_nervous,_I couldnt think of anything at the beginning of the exam. However, I didnt worry but tried to calm myself down.(2014四川高考书面表达)由于太紧张，考试刚开始时我什么也想不起来。但我没有着急，而是努力使自己平静下来。To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, tired_but_healthy.让我们感到宽慰的是，那个丢失的小孩子十天后返回了家里，疲惫不堪却很健康。名师指津形容词作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。试比较：Helpless, we watched the house being destroyed before our eyes.我们看着那栋房子在我们眼前被毁，很是无助。(helpless说明主语we的状态)The old building was burned down as crowds watched helplessly.在人群无助地观望中那座旧建筑物烧毁了。(helplessly修饰从句谓语动词watched).单句语法填空1How did the accident come about since he drove at a speed of sixty miles per hour?2I have taken up teaching since I graduated from university.3He is addicted to computer games, and that is why he has to drop out of school.4For miles around me, there was nothing but a desert, without a single plant or tree in/within sight.5Those air conditioners are our bestselling products because they are easy to_handle (handle) and work with little noise.6School started, but I felt more and more as if I were (be) in a foreign country now.7He switched off the light as there was no one in the room.单句改错1The thief slid the room and stole some jewels. slid后加into2As soon as she entered her own room, she caught sight the gift bought by her father.sight后加of3Although the girl looks quiet, actually she is hard to get along.along后加with4He treats his elder sister as though she is a stranger.iswere5The train picked speed and soon disappeared in my line of sight.picked后加up.补全句子/句型转换1(2015湖南高考写作)得知我所处于的境况后，我的老师Michael鼓励我勇敢地充满自信地走出困境。(what从句)After learning what_situation_I_was_in,_my teacher, Michael encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently.2你应该接受我的建议，开始存钱。(take up)You should take_up_my_suggestion and start saving money.3世界上所剩的老虎寥寥无几，是我们采取措施来保护它们灭绝的时候了。(there be)There_are_few_tigers_left in the world, so it is time for us to take some measures to protect them from dying out.4我到了应该自己做出人生抉择的时刻。(where定语从句)I have reached a point in my life where_I_am_supposed_to_make_decisions of my own.5Because I was amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good.(形容词作状语)Amazed_at_how_skillful_they_were,_I determined to be just as good.6He has to stay at home. This is because he has a bad cold.(this is why .)He has a bad cold. This is why_he_has_to_stay_at_home.三、过语法、写作(一)单元小语法过去分词作状语和定语.单句语法填空1Given (give) another 10 days, we are sure to complete repairing the machine.2Filled (fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the punishment from his dad.3You cannot accept an opinion offered (offer) to you unless it is based on facts.4The student likes reading stories written (write) by Mark Twain.5The bridge designed (design) by a junior school student is of great importance to people living around.6Located (locate) in the central district, the hotel offers the best service with the lowest price.7Surrounded (surround) by a river, the park had a central pond with flowers floating in it.8Disappointed (disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldnt like to talk about it to his parents.补全句子1(2015重庆高考写作)得知你在组织全球分享图书活动，我写信申请参加，其原因是我喜欢读书而且我拥有大量的图书。Learning_that_you_are_organizing_this_activity to share books worldwide, I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books. 2由于忙于准备我的演讲，我抽不出时间做其他任何事情。Occupied_with_preparing_my_speech,_I cannot spare any time to do anything else.3由于被三位语言专家编辑，这本字典自从两年前上市以来就一直受到读者欢迎。Edited_by_three_language_experts,_the dictionary has been popular with the readers ever since it came out two years ago. 4沐浴在阳光中，我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。Bathed_in_the_sunshine,_we jumped and cheered with joy. 5受到老师的鼓励，我报名参加了演讲比赛，并作了充分的准备。Inspired_by_my_teacher,_I signed up for the speech contest and made full preparations for it.6和信件相比，如今电子邮件更方便交流。Compared_with_letters,_emails are more convenient in communication nowadays.7这里有明显的证据，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared_with_those who have no musical training.8由于献身于科学研究事业，他在全世界享有盛名。Devoted_to_his_science_research,_he has enjoyed fame all over the world.(二)课堂微写作练扩写让意蕴更丰满题目要求未来生活是怎样的？请把下面短文扩写成100词左右的文章，大胆畅想未来生活的样子。I am always dreaming about life in the future. Go to the moon for a holiday, live under the sea, not go to school every day or have a robot? The dream will come true some day.答案示例I_am_always_dreaming_about_life_in_the_future._What_on_earth_will_it_be_like？Perhaps_some_people_will_go_to_the_moon_for_a