五年级英语辅导资料.doc

五年级英语辅导资料目录第一部分 单 词第一课：字母 （字母及字母组合发音练习）第二课：名词（名词种类、名词的数和名词所有格）第三课：代词（人称代词、物主代词、指示代词）第四课：冠词和数词（不定冠词、基数词、序数词）第五课：形容词（种类、用法）第六课：副词（种类、用法）第七课：动词（动词词组、现在分词）第八课：介词（种类、用法）第九课：特殊疑问词（种类、用法）第二部分 句 子第十课：一般现在时1.陈述句 （肯定句、否定句）2.一般疑问句（句型、用法）3.特殊疑问句（句型、用法）第十一课：现在进行时1.陈述句 （肯定句、否定句）2.一般疑问句（句型、用法）3.特殊疑问句（句型、用法）（六年级内容待续）第一课 字母一、正确朗读英语的26个字母. Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz(拼读练习): ABC BBC CCTV BTV VOA PC AM PM UN SOS AC DC CD BC CBS CIA DNA FBL GMT WTO PHD PRC USA USSR二、常见字母组合发音及练习，ea peach tea seat jeans cheapea bread ea break great ee beef sheep queen sleep greenow how town brown now flowerow crow blow windowyellow snow grow ou our mouth mountain house ou soup group coup oa coat boat goat road or short fork horse storm or doctor actor visitor authorall tall small ball hall ir skirt shirt girl birthday ur nurse purple hamburger fur th thin thank Thursday math th this that those these clotheswh who whose whole whomwh why what where white ai wait rain paint train ay say play today may air air hair chair stairear bear wear swear pear ear ear hear dear near eer deer cheer beer oo cool boots goose school ar park star car hard igh high flight light night(判断下列划线部分发音是否相同)：1. ( ) tea cheap ( ) peach bread ( ) break great 2. ( ) beef sleep ( ) seat green ( ) sheep queen3. ( ) how now ( ) brown yellow ( ) flower house4. ( ) soup group ( ) our mouth ( ) coup house5. ( ) coat boat ( ) short fork ( ) horse house6. ( ) doctor visitor ( ) tall small ( ) park star7. ( ) nurse purple ( ) skirt shirt ( ) birthday nurse8. ( ) thin thank ( ) this those ( ) math these9. ( ) who what ( ) why whose ( ) where white10. ( ) wait rain ( ) say play ( ) train today11. ( ) hair chair ( ) air swear ( ) bear pear12. ( ) dear near ( ) wear hear ( ) deer cheer 13. ( ) goose school ( ) cool good ( ) flight light第二课：名词（名词种类、名词的数和名词所有格）一、名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词专有名词：是指某个或某些个人、地方、机构等专有的名词。如：（国家）China Canada Australia the United States of America Japan（城市）Beijing New York Sydney London （月份）January February March April May June July August September October November December （周次）Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday （人名）Mike Amy John Sarah Miss White Mr. Black Chen Jie Wu Yifan Zhang Peng普通名词:是指一类人或东西或一个抽象的名称。如: 1. boy girl man woman family class classmate student teacher mother father grandpa grandma sister brother aunt uncle cousin policeman everyone 2. cabbage pork mutton eggplant fish green beans tofu potato tomato breakfast lunch dinner 3. curtain trash bin closet end table air-conditioner bedroom kitchen bathroom living room study mirror4. river flower grass lake forest path park nature park farm village city picture house bridge tree road building 5. morning afternoon evening noon night weekend date day time hour 6. spring summer fall winter season month sea snow （读写练习）二、名词的单数和复数。可数名词（在应用时有单数和复数的区别，表示一个要用单数，两个以上用复数。）1 一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families strawberry-strawberriesbutterfly- butterflies4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knivesleaf- leaves 5不规则名词复数：man-men woman-women policeman-policemen mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish sheep- sheep people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese不可数名词(英语中的不可数名词的数量，用容器的数量来表示)：paper-a piece of paper 一张纸coffee-a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡tea-two cups of tea两杯茶water- three glasses of water 三杯水bread-a piece of bread 一片面包（练一练，写出下列各词的复数） watch _child _photo _ foot_ book_ tooth_ sheep_ box_ peach man_ woman_ water Milk 三、名词的所有格在英语中，有些名词可以加s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式叫名词所有格。1. 名词是有生命的，我们用:名词s如：Mikes book（迈克的书） teachers desk（教师桌）2. 名词是无生命的，我们用：名词of名词如：the picture of the family （家庭照片） The window of the house（房间的窗户）第三课：代词（人称代词、物主代词、指示代词等）代词是代替名词的一种词类。在英语中，当人名或其他名词在第二次提到时，一般都要用代词来替代。一、人称代词（表示“我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们”的词，叫人称代词）如：单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I（我）Mewe（我们）us第二人称You（你）Youyou（你们）You第三人称He（他）She（她）it（它）himheritthey（他们）them1.作主语（用主格） I am a student. You are teacher. He is a doctor. 我是一名学生 你是一位老师 他是一名医生We are friends. 我们是好朋友。2.作宾语（用宾格）Its me I tell you Do you know him? 是我 我告诉你 你认识他吗？She is running to us! 她正向我们跑来!二、物主代词（表示“我的、你的、他的、我们的、你们的等所有关系的代词叫物主代词）如：单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词My我的Your你的His他的Her她的Its它的 our我们的 your 你们的Their他们的名词性物主代词/用法：1. This is my father. 2. Is that your bike? Yes, its mine. (= my bike)那是你的自行车吗？是的，它是我的。I like his car.Miss White is our English teacher.三、指示代词（是指“这个、那个、这些、那些等指示概念的词）单数复数This这个that 那个these 这些those 那些用法：1. This is a picture of my room.这是我房间的照片。2. That is a bridge.那是一座桥。3. These are potatoes.这些是土豆。4.Those are tomatoes.那些是西红柿。第四课：冠词和数词（不定冠词、基数词、序数词）1.不定冠词a和 an的用法 a 用在辅音（不是辅音字母）开头的词前面，an用在元音（不是元音字母）开头的词前。如: a boy 一个男孩 an English boy一个英国男孩 a red apple一个红苹果 an apple一个苹果 a building一栋楼 an old building一栋旧楼2.基数词、序数词：如： 基数序数（简写）基数序数（简写）1onefirst第一(1st)8eighteighth第八(8th)2twosecond第二(2nd)9nineninth第九(9th)3threethird第三(3rd)10tententh第十(10th)4fourfourth第四(4th)11eleveneleventh第十一(11th)5fivefifth第五(5th)12twelvetwelfth第十二(12th)6sixsixth第六(6th)13thirteenthirteenth第十三(13th)7sevenseventh第七(7th)20twentytwentieth第二十(14th)用法：1.There are five bikes. The fifth is mine.那里有五辆自行车。第五辆是我的。2.We have nine classes. Our class is on the second floor.我们有九间教室。我们的教室在二楼。3.What is the date? Its June 1st.（first = 1st ）今天几号？六月一号。第五课：形容词（种类、用法）在英语中，形容词用来修饰名词。如: 1. youngfunnytallstrong kind old shortthin strict smart active quiet interesting 2. red blue yellow green white brown black purple pink 3. healthy ill tasty sweet sour fresh salty favourite 4. warm cold cool hot rainy snowy windy cloudy sunny 5. bug small long short colourful pretty cheap expensive fresh 用法举例：1. Hes tall and strong. 他又高有壮2. The red shirt is very cheap.这件红色的衬衫很便宜。3. Today is warm. Its sunny day. 今天暖和，是阳光明媚的一天。4. The apple is sweet and fresh .这苹果又甜又新鲜。第六课：副 词（种类、用法）副词在句子中修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。用来表示时间、场所、状态及程度。如：1. well（好） fast （快） slowly（慢） carefully（仔细）2. very（很） much（很） enough （足够的） 3. here（这里） there（那里） out （在外）4. soon（不久） already（已经） now（现在） today（今天）5. always（总是） usually（通常） often(经常) never(从来不) sometimes（有时） 6. also（也） either（也） too （也） only（仅仅）用法举例：1. She is very tall.（她非常高）2. I am very well.（我很好）3. hes over there.（他在那里）4. Its raining now. （现在正下着雨）5. I often do my homework on the weekend. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. 我经常在周末写作业，有时候去看望祖父母。6. Usually I clean my room. I often go hiking, too. （too用在肯定句后）我通常打扫房间，也常常去远足。7. I cant play football in the rain. I cant go hiking, either. （either用在否定句后）我既不会在雨中踢足球，也不会去远足。（会读会背以上单词和句型）第七课：动 词（be动词、动词短语、现在分词）在英语中，每个句子都有一个动词来说明主语“是什么”或“做什么”，从动词的变化，可以看出句子是现在时或过去时，了解动词的时态，在英语学习上相当重要。一、be动词 ( 表示“是，在”的意思。现在式有am is are 三种，这三种的原型动词是be，所以它们称为be动词)用法：am is are 这三种形式分别接在不同人称的主语后面，用图表来表示：人称主语be动词缩略式中文意第一人称（单数） I am （复数） we are Im were我是我们是第二人称（单数）You are（复数）You are Youre Youre你是你们是第三人称（单数） He isShe is It is（复数）They are Hes Shes Its Theyre 他是她是它是他们是be动词的否定形式：be+notis not = isnt are not = arent am not（不能缩写）（句子练习，按要求填上适当的be动词）：1. Mary a nurse. （玛丽不是护士）2.Miss White a teacher.（怀特小姐是老师。）3.He at school. （他在学校。） 4.She at home.（她不在家）5.You doctor. （你是医生）6.I a doctor ,too.（我也是医生）7.We students. （我们是学生）8.They friends. （他们不是朋友。）二、一般动词和动词短语正确朗读和背诵下列的一般动词和动词短语一般动词： 如：become give catch come climb go eat fight find fly know leave let make read run say see send sing sleep smell speak swing take tell think write walk swim skate jump play study talk 动词短语如：1.at home just do it have a try play chess use a computer look at watch TV 2. cook the meals water the flowers sweep the floor clean the bedroom wash the window do housework empty the trash make the bed set the table wash the clothes do the dishes put away the clothes 3. do morning exercises eat breakfast have English class 4.go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking make a snowman plant trees draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone see you later listen to music drink water take pictures watch insects pick up leaves do an experiment count insectsplay sports eat dinner get up climb mountainswrite a letterwrite an e-mail speak to hold oncatch butterflies collect leaves write a report have a picnic 三、一般动词的现在时和现在分词1.一般动词的现在时，第一、第二人称用动词原型如：I go to school every day.我每天都去上学 You study English every day.你每天都学英语 (第三人称单数时动词要s或es)如：She goes to school every day. 她每天去上学He likes cats.他喜欢猫（在否定句和疑问句要加助动词do 或does，后面动词用原型）如：I do not go to school every day .我每天不去上学 Does she do morning exercises every day?她每天做早操吗？2.Can 表示能力：“能，会，可以”它没有人称和数的变化，它后面必须跟动词原型。 can （能、会）can not = cant （不能、不会） 如：The birds can fly. The cats cant fly. I can make a snowman I cant swim in the sea.3.现在分词是指：动词ing的形式,它和be 动词连用，表示现在正在做的动作。如：I am reading a book. You are cooking dinner. She is counting insects. They are playing chess.动词的现在分词构成：构成法例词一般加ing （以y结尾也直接加ing walk-walking fly-flying以e结尾的词去e后加ing write-writing have-having take-taking以重读闭音节或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加ing run-running swim-swimming以ie为结尾的重读开音节的词，改ie为y，再加ing die-dying（综合练习，用动词的适当形式填空。）1.I usually at 6:30. （我每天六点半起床） 2. I often on Sunday.（我经常在周六踢足球） 3. He every day.（他每天去上学） 4. He can （他会游泳）5.Amy is butterflies. （埃米正在捉蝴蝶）第八课：介词（种类、用法）一、表示时间的介词: at on in before after 1. at, on, in 的用法和区别 at: （用于表示时刻、时间的某一点） at nine (oclock) 在九点at 6:30I get up at 7:00 every day. 我每天在七点钟起床。on: （用于表示具体的某一天，具体某天的上午或下午） on Monday 在周一 on Tuesday morning在周二的早上 on June 6th 在六月六号on the weekend 在周末in: (用于月、年、季节，泛指的上午或下午)in May in July in summer in winter in 1996 in 2008 in the morning in the afternoon 2. before，after的用法和区别before（在之前） Wash your hands before dinner. 晚餐前要洗手after（在之后）Lets play together after school. 放学后我们一起玩（练习，填入合适的介词）1. I go to bed 9:30.2. We have English class 10:003. I often play the piano Sundays.4. Teachers day is September.5. My birthday is December 12th 二、表示场所、方向的介词1.表示场所：at ,in at: 在某地点（比较狭窄的地方）at school 在学校at home 在家in:在某地（比较宽阔的场所）in Beijing 在北京in China 在中国in the world在世界上in the street 在街上2. 表示方位的介词：in在里面on在上面（紧贴着）under在.下面over 在上方（正上方）next to在旁边 near近的，不远的in front of 在前面behind在后面between在两者之间around 环绕,在四周（读读背背，并将下列句子翻译成汉语）1. I study at school 1. I do my homework at home. 3. My sister lives in Beijing. 4. The pencil is in the pencil box. 5. The books are on the desk. 6. The ball is under the table 7. The bridge is over the river. 8. My house is near the school 9. Tom is standing in front of me. 10 There is tree behind the house. 11. My teacher is sitting between Tom and Mike . 12. They are walking around the street 第九课：特殊疑问词（种类、用法）一、特殊疑问词what（什么） who（谁）which（哪个）where（哪里）why （为什么）whose（谁的）when （何时）How （如何）How many（多少个）How much （多少钱）二、读读背背,并写出下列特殊疑问句的汉意。what 引导的特殊问句？1. Whats your name? 2. What do you do? 3. What do you like to eat? 4. What do you do on the weekends? 5. What about you? 6. What would you like? 7. What color is it? 8. What is this? 9. What day is it today? 10. What is the weather like today? who引导的问句1. Who can clean the room? 2. Who is she? 3. Who is that? which引导的问句1. Which bike do you like? 2. Which season do you like best? where 引导的问句1. Where is my key? 2. Where are they? why引导的问句1. Why do you like summer？ whose引导的问句1.Whose T-shirt is this? 2. Whose birthday is in June? when引导的问句1.When is your birthday? 2. When is Teachers day? 3.When do you get up? 4. When do you go to school? How 引导的问句1. How old are you? 2. How about you? 3.How do you do ! How many引导的问句1. How many books do you have? 2. How many students are there in your school? How much引导的问句1. How much is it? 2. How much are they? How, what 引导的感叹句。1.How beautiful ! 2. What a big fish!第二部分 句 子第十课：一般现在时一般现在时表示: 1. 经常发生的动作或存在状态，常和always（总是）, usually（通常）, often（经常）, sometimes（有时候）, everyday（每天）, every week（每周）等时间状语连用。 2.表示普遍真理。一、陈述句: 肯定句：主语be动词1. I am a teacher. 我是老师2. Spring is green with flowers and songs. 绿色的春天，鸟语花香。 我爱春天。3. My birthday is on October 1st.我的生日在十月一日主语动词 1. I often play football on Sundays. 我经常在周日踢足球。2. I like spring. 我喜欢春天 1. She likes summer. 她喜欢夏天否定句： 主语be动词not 如：You are not a student. 你不是学生 主语do not +动词如： I dont go to school every day. 我每天不去上学如： She doesnt go shopping on Saturdays.她在周六不购物。二、一般疑问句（句型、用法） 陈述句变一般疑问句时，1. 把be动词移到主语前面，即Be动词主语 如: -Are you a student? -Yes, I am. 2. 把do或does移到句首，即Do (Does)+主语动词原型 如：-Do you have English class on Mondays? - No, we dont. - Does he play football every day? - Yes, he does. （练习，按要求做题）1. I am a teacher. （变成否定句） 2. You are student. (变成一般疑问句) 3. We have math cla