中考英语初三现在完成时和过去完成时.doc

第七讲 一般现在时/一般过去时/现在完成时/过去完成时【学习目标】对初一，初二所学过的几种时态进行系统复习，并通过反复地讲解和练习，对每种时态可以做到灵活运用。本讲重点讲解一般现在时/一般过去时/现在完成时/过去完成时。【知识要点】一般现在时一.使用情境1.经常发生或反复发生的动作或是习惯。e.g we go to school from Monday to Friday .2.永恒的真理。e.g The sun rises in the east and set in the west.3.在时间条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表将来。e.g if he is very easy-going ,I shall make friends with him.二时态标志always. usually. often. sometimes. every day. every week三.谓语构成1当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加-s或-es.she often lends money to others and never gets any money back.2. 当主语是其他人称时，谓语动词要用原形。We always listen to our teacher carefully in the class.一般过去时的构成及用法一、定义： 表示在过去的某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。1）I was at the zoo yesterday. 昨天我在动物园。2）I went to bed at eleven last night . 昨晚我11：00睡觉。2表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。1）When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我在小的时候，我经常在街道上踢足球。2）My father often drove to work last year. 去年，我爸爸经常开车上班。二、句子结构1在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式was，were构成。如：（1）I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。 2在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。如：I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。 现在完成时态1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。结构：have (has) +过去分词。肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他） 二现在完成时态的标志性词语有以下与这一时态连用的时间状语有： already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短语，连词 since 引导的时间状语从句。 例句：I have already done my homework. I havent done my homework yet.三在现在完成时中，短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。将其转化为持续性动词后方可使用。begin-be on finish-be over die be dead borrow keepbuy have join be in /a member ofleave be away come/go be here 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别： 1.概念区别：一般过去时只表示过去某一特定时间发生的动作，与现在不发生联系；现在完成时表示过去动作对现在造成的影响和结果，强调现在的情况。 2.标志区别：一般过去时的时间状语有: 时间段+ago, last +时间, yesterday, the day before yesterday, just now, in+过去的年份等。而现在完成时的时间状语never, ever , just, yet, before , already等。 例: I read this book two weeks ago . I have read this book three times.3.如果询问某事发生的时间、地点只能用一般过去时,而不能用现在完成时.下列句型中常用现在完成时It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句This (That / It)is the first(second)time that + 完成时过去完成时定义:过去完成时(past perfect)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。 它表示句子中描述的动作发生在“过去的过去”。 基本结构：主语+had+过去分词(done) 肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他. 否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他?时间状语before,when,after,by+,until, once,had no soonerthan （1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作. （2）动词think, want, hope, plan, intend, wish, expect, intend, mean, suppose等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。 例如： They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。 （3）过去完成时还可用在hardlywhen, no soonerthan, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)等固定句型中。 例如： Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. 他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。 【经典练习】 二选择题1.【2012福建福州】37. Hello, may I speak to Mr. Smith?www*.z#zstep.co&m% Sorry, he isnt in. He _the office.A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been away中国#教育出%版网*2.【2012贵州贵阳】36. “Have you ever been to Tokyo?” “Yes, I _ there twice. Its a modern city.” A. have gone B. have been C. had gone3.【2012北京】32. I _ Mr. Smith since he moved to Shanghai.A. didnt hear fromB. dont hear fromC. wont hear fromD. havent heard from4.【2012甘肃鸡西市】25. My grandpa is sleeping. Will you please_the radio?A. turn downB. turn upC. turn on5.【2012甘肃鸡西市】28. They_five days finishing the work. A. paidB. tookC. spent 6.【2012甘肃鸡西市】30. She_ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.A. has been away fromB. has leftC. had left7.【2012广东】39. Our English teacher is very nice. We friends since three years ago.A. wereB. becameC. have beenD. have madewww.zzste%#8.【2012广东】43. You havent been to the West Lake, have you?. But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation.来源#&:中教网%A. No, I havent B. No, I didntC. Yes, I haveD. Yes, I did9.【2012广西玉林】34. I cant find Ted for three days. Where is he?来源:zzstep.c&%*#omHe _ Beijing for a meeting. A. has been to B. has gone to C. have been to D. have gone to 10.【2012贵州铜仁】33.Mr Wang isnt here ,I think he_ Guiyang.A. has gone to B. has been to C. goes D. went中国教育出版&网*#11.【2012黑龙江齐齐哈尔】32. Summer holiday is coming, Li Lei with his father_to go to Shanghai.来源:中*国教育出版网%#A. wantB. will wantC. wants12【2011湖北恩施】28. He _ go out with his parents, but now he _ staying at home alone.A. used to； is used toB. is used to； used toC. use to； is used towww#.&zzste*13.【2011湖北恩施】34. When did you buy the computer?中国#教育出*版网%I have _ this computer for 5 years, but it still works well.来源:中*国教育出版网&#A. boughtB. haveC. had中国教育&出*版网# 来%14.【2012 湖北黄石】38.Not only Jam but also his parents_a few interesting places since they came to China.A.will visit B.has visited C.have visited D.visited 15.【2012湖北十堰】34. Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he _ in Shiyan for five years. 来源:中国%教育&*出版网 A. was teachingB. has taughtC. will teachD. taught16.【2012湖北随州】29. When and where to spend the holiday _ yet.Lets make it now.A. is decided B. doesnt decide C. has not been decided D. has decided17.【2012湖北武汉】32. Wheres Lisa,Eric?She_to the library.A.goes B.had goneC.has goneD.would go18.【2012湖北咸宁】28.Three _ injured students died in a hospital ineast Chinas Jiangsu Province last year. Sorry to hear that. But our government _ much about the school bus safety management. CA. serious; did B. bad; did中国教#育出版&网C. seriously; has done D. badly; was done19.【2012湖南常德】22. Have you even been to Zhangjiajie?来源%:z#z& Yes, I _.A. do B. have C. was 20.【2012湖南常德】24. Many trees and flowers _ in our city every year.A. planted B. are planted C. were planted 中国*#教育出&版网21.【2012湖南常德】26. If it _ fine tomorrow, I will go hiking with you.A. is B. was C. will be22.【2012湖南常德】29. Whats on the desk? There _ some books.A. be B. are C. is23.【2012江苏淮安】9. Do you know the moving story of Jack and Rose?来#源:zzs* Of course. I the film Titanic several times.A. seeB. sawC. have seenD. had seen来源:zzstep.co%&m*24.【2012江苏无锡】2. Have you seen Dr. Adams recently?No. He Hong Kong for an interactional meeting. Hell come back tomorrow.来源:zzst#&A. has gone inB. has been inC. has gone toD. has been tow#ww.zz*中国%教育出&版网25.【2012江苏宿迁】18. Your English is good.来&源:zzstep.c#o%mThank you. I it for three years.A. learn B. learnC. have learned D. had learned26.【2012江苏盐城】14. In the past few years, thousands of films all over the world.www.zz&st#ep.co*mA. have producedB. have been producedC. are producingD. are being produced27.【2012江苏镇江】11. Alice in Wonderland _ for 15 days and many of us like the film very much.来&源:中教#网A. begins B. has begun C. began D. has been on 28.【2012 呼和浩特】12. Im afraid the class has begun.Dont worry. It _ until the bell _.A. doesnt begin; rings B. wont begin; will ring C. wont begin; rings D. doesnt begin; will ring%t&29【2012年福建省福州市】37. - Hello, may I speak to Mr. Smith? - Sorry, he isnt in. He _the office. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been away30.【2012福建福州】35. Listen, the music _sweet. Its Yesterday Once More, my favorite.A. sounds B. smells C. feels31【2012福建福州】43. Our classroom_every day. So it is. Its our duty to keep it clean and tidy.A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned32【2012贵州贵阳】41. If Bob _ away from the junk food, he will be in good health.来源:zzste%p.#co*&m A. stay B. will stay C. stays33【2012北京】25. Lets _ for a walk, shall we?A. to go B. goingC. goD. gone34【2012北京】26.Where were you last Saturday?I _ in the Capital Museum.A. am B. will be C. wasD. have been35【2012北京】33. Today, computers are really helpful. They _ everywhere.A. useB. are usedC. usedD. were used中国#教育出版网&%36【2012甘肃鸡西市】33. Lisa is a little poor at Chinese. I think she needs_it every day. A. practise to speakB. to practise speakingC. practise speaking37【2012广东】35. Hot water_in the students flats from 5 pm to 7 pm now.A. suppliesB. is suppliedC. suppliedD. was supplied38【2012广东】37. Both Li Lei and Han Meimei_fond of the TV program A Bite of China.来源:中国%*教育出版网 I am also deeply moved by its stories!w#ww.zz%A. isB. amC. wasD. Are来源:*&中%教网39【2012广西玉林】31. -Tim played the guitar very well in the school talent show. - I think so. He practices _ it every day. A. play B. playing C. to play D. plays40【2012广西玉林】38. Last year, Shenzhou-8 _ into the space. It made us proud. 中国教育出版%#&网A. is sent B. was sent C. sends D. sent 41【2012安顺】16. Look! _ some juice in the glass.AThere isBThere areCThere haveDThere has42【2012贵州安顺】20.The old man _ in Shanghai, but he _ in Haikou now.中国教育&%出版网*#Abe born; liveBwas born ; live Cis born; livesDwas born; lives43【2012贵州毕节】25. Lucy _ a student last year, but now she _ a teacher.A. is; is B. was； is C. was； will be D. is； was43【2012黑龙江齐齐哈尔】28. They _five days finishing the work. A. paidB. tookC. spent 45【2012 湖北黄石】37.Which would you prefer, orang juic or coffer? Either_OK, but I prefer coffee _milk.A.are; with B.is; with C.are; to D.is; to 46【2012湖北十堰】35. I _ little time to get ready for the test, so I wasnt confident at that time. www.%z&zste#47【2012湖北随州】32. There _ some flowers on the teachers desk just now, but now there _nothing on it. A. have; has B.were; was C. were; is D.has; has48【2012湖北武汉】31. I dont remember when and where I _ this umbrella.A.buy B.have bought C.will buy D.bought来源%:*中&国教育出版网49【2012湖北武汉】30. Whats his brother?He is a teacher. He maths at a school.来源:中教&%*网A. taught B. has taught C. teaches D. will teach50【2012湖北咸宁】33. Jack _ dislike the weather in Beijing in spring, because there is so much wind and sand. But now he _ it. A. is used to; used to B. used to; is used to来源*:#%中&教网 C. was used to; is used to D. used to; uses to 51【2012湖北孝感】34. I wonder if the psychologist will come to our school this weekend.If he , we will be very excited.A. come B. comes C. will come D. came52【2012湖北孝感】33. A number of volunteers willing to teach in Chinas rural areas.来源:zzstep.c%&#omYes, the number is getting .A. is; bigger and bigger B. are; bigger and biggerC. is; more and more D. are more and more53 2012江苏苏州】10. 一 What would you do if it _ tomorrow?一 We have to carry it on, since weve got everything ready.A. is raining B. rains C. will rain D. rain54【2012江苏苏州】12. Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what_ nice.A. feels B. smells C. looks D. tastes来源:*&中教网55【2012江苏无锡】4. If the robot wrong, you can get a new one for free or get all your money back.A. wentB. goesC. would goD. will go56【2012江苏无锡】7. I like the dress, but Im I havent got enough money.Dont worry. I dont mind you some if you like.A. afraid; lendingB. glad; lendingC. afraid; to lend D. glad; to lend57【2012江苏无锡】8. My father doesnt like shopping much. He would rather TV at home than around for hours in shops.来源*:中国教育出版网&A. watch; walkB. watch; to walkC. to watch; to walkD. to watch; walk58【2012江苏宿迁】12. What do you think of my shirt? It cotton. It looks nice on you.A. is made in B. is made for中国教*育&#出版网C. is made of D. is made by. 【课后作业】 It was the day of the “free movie”. The local newspaper advertised the good news, so there was a long line in front of the cinema before 7:30pm, the cinemas opening time.At 7:25pm, a small man pushed his way to the front of the line, but he was pushed back by people around. Three minutes later, the man tried again. People shouted at him. And once again they pushed him back to the end of the line. This time he got angry and shouted loudly, “That does it! If you dont allow me to go to the front, I wont open the cinema!”（ ）1. Why were there so many people in front of the cinema?A. Because there was a movie on.B. Because there was a free movie.C. Because the cinema opened too late.D. Because people liked to push the man for fun.（ ）2. From the passage we know that the man was pushed to the end of the line .A. onceB. twiceC. three timesD. four times（ ）3. The time to open the cinema was .A. 7:00pmB. 7:25pmC. 7:28pmD. 7:30pm（ ）4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The man wanted to get into the cinema first.B. The man was probably a worker of the cinema.C. People were angry because the newspaper fooled them.D. The man wanted to drive all the people away from the cinema.（ ）5. “That does it!” means “ “.A. Thats enough! I cant bear it!B. All right! You do it!C. Yes! Thats the right thing to do!D. Thats true!Its not true any more that only old women knit(编织),Knitting has now become a fashionable hobby among women in their 20s and 30s and even among teenagers. Young women can be seen knitting in coffee shops, hairdressers, bookstores, and at bus stops. Famous movie stars like Madonna, Julia Roberts and Cameron Diaz all knit. They knit scarves, hats, socks, sweaters and even wedding dresses.Knitting is called the “new yoga”. It is very relaxing and