2014高考英语短文改错抓分练习.doc

2014高考英语短文改错抓分练习（8）及答案【河北省武安三中2013届月考】短文改错 (共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Good morning! Today, my topic is the valuable of time. As a saying goes, “ time was money. This means that if our time is good spent, it will turn out a lot of useful and important job when proper opportunities come. Although all time is precious, we should make good use of them. Now, we are living at a time which we must learn knowledge and develop our abilities. If we let these morning hours to slip away, we shall never able to make up the loss. What the pity! Let those who think nothing of waste their time remember this. Thank you for your listening!【参考答案】短文改错：Good morning! Today, my topic is the valuable(value) of time. As a saying goes, “ time was (is)money. This means that if our time is good (well) spent, it will turn out a lot of useful and important job(jobs) when proper opportunities come. Although(Because/Since) all time is precious, we should make good use of them(it). Now, we are living at a time which(when) we must learn knowledge and develop our abilities. If we let these morning hours to (去掉)slip away, we shall never(加be) able to make up the loss. What the(a) pity! Let those who think nothing of waste (wasting)their time remember this. Thank you for your listening! 短文改错（2011浙江卷）短文改错（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）下面短文中有10处语言错误。请再有错误的地方增加，删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 例如： It was very nice to get your invitation to spendweekend with you. Luckily theI was completely tree then, so Ill say” yes. Ill arrive in Bristol at around 8:00 p. m. amin Friday evening.on I was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toysthan I did. There was one on particular Id always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasnt looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know, Id done something wrong. Lateon, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave It back. She knows what had happened,but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.短文改错（2011重庆卷） 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1份，满分10分）以下标有题号的每一行均有一个错误，请找出，并按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：请在答题卡上作答。Today is Sunday .Ive been in Canada for two months .This is the first time that Ive been away my family for such a 76. long time. With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, Ive 77. soon got used to live without my parents around. Katia,like 78. many other Russian girls, are nice and lively. We became 79. friends shortly after we meet each other. Although her English 80. is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy chatting and we 81. usually talk a lot about our own family. Were both surprised 82. that Chinese culture or Russian culture are so different. Now, 83. we are planning a small party for the next Sunday.There ,Katia 84. will introduce me to some of her friends,one of who has been 85. to China several times.I just cant wait.【答案】第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Today is Sunday .Ive been in Canada for two months .This is the first time that Ive been away my family for such a 76. from long time. With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, Ive 77. mine soon got used to live without my parents around. Katia,like 78. living many other Russian girls, are nice and lively. We became 79. is friends shortly after we meet each other. Although her English 80. met is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy chatting and we 81. hard usually talk a lot about our own family. Were both surprised 82. families that Chinese culture or Russian culture are so different. Now, 83. and we are planning a small party for the next Sunday.There ,Katia 84. the will introduce me to some of her friends,one of who has been 85. whom 一短文改错的主要特点1内容大都是学生身边或社会生活中常见的话题。以记叙文为主，有时也有说明文或应用文。2内容相对独立、完整。命题的总原则是整篇理解、分行解题。3语言简单易懂，没有生僻的词汇或繁难的句法结构；短文的词数为120左右。4考查要点覆盖面广, 分布合理。涉及词法、句法、行文逻辑等三个方面。二短文改错的常见类型纵观近几年高考题中的短文改错, 不难看出,其错误形式基本上为：错词占6行左右; 正确占1 行; 多词和缺词一般占3 行左右。错误类型主要涉及动词、名词、形容词、副词、冠词、代词、介词、连词、主谓一致、固定结构等语法知识。其中, 动词时态、语态、非谓语动词等是考查重点。【河北省易县第二高级中学2013三模】短文改错(共10小题；每小题I分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。One day, I got a full mark in maths exam and only got 50 marks in the Chinese examOn my way home, I was in low spiritsWhen I arrived at home, my mother kissed me on the cheek as soon as she knew the result of maths and said she would bring me to have a nice meal in KFC as the praise Seen her so happy ，I quick took out of my Chinese exam paperBut quite contrary to her behavior just now, he slapped me on my face heavilyAt that moment, I couldnt help cryI understood my mother cared much for my scores than me and I felt sadBut as matter of fact, I needed my mothers help when I have difficulty with my study rather than her slaps172考点知识精讲一、短文改错的解题基本思路1通读全文，掌握大意首先，要认真阅读短文，把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的逻辑关系，了解文章所创设的语言环境，为正确判断创造条件。2整句理解，逐行找错。在读懂文章之后，要逐句逐行地找错。分析每个句子中句法、语法、行文逻辑等方面是否有错，要做到逐行分析，不可遗漏，句与句之间要注意连词的用法。3由易到难，各个击破改错要从最简单、最熟悉的项目入手，先从语法的角度入手，再从逻辑方面考虑，最后推敲难题。4检查核对，规范改正最后浏览改后的全文，看全篇是否语义通顺，注意正确行。 要特别注意规范改正错误, 严格按照示范规定符号和要求去改。切忌文字说明或用箭头表示。二短文改错的设题方式一错词：错词的情况归纳起来大致可分为虚词选择错误、实词词形错误、同(近)义词、形似词选择错误等。1虚词错误介词错误。介词错误主要集中在介词的固定搭配、介词多词义的用法以及一些意义相近介词、副词和连词的混用等。1.After five years away in my hometown，I find that the neighborhood which I used to live in has changed a lot.(09全国卷I)析：“从离开，远离”应为短语 away from，不能与in搭配。应将in改为from。 连词错误主要表现: 句与句之间的关系混淆，是并列、转折、承接、还是表原因；连词与介词、副词的混用，一些连词具有多重功能和词性以及意义相近连词的区别等。1.I meant to give it back to you before four in the afternoon，and I was held up on my way back(09全国卷II) 析：分析前后两个句子可知，前面的句子与后面的句子存在转折关系，不是并列关系，应将 and 改为but。冠词错误：冠词的考查集中在：应该使用定冠词的地方使用了不定冠词；应该使用不定冠词的地方却使用了定冠词；不定冠词a与an的误用等。1.Three men were fishing when the angel appeared in the boat with them. （2009.四川卷）析：初次提到的人或物前应该用不定冠词，因此要将第一个the改为an。2实词错误 名词错误主要集中在：名词的单复数形式，特别注意不规则名词的复数形式；可数名词和不可数名词的混用；抽象名词具体化；名词的所有格等。1. I stayed there for one and a half hour and made sure that the girl was all right. （09全国卷II）析：one and a half 后接可数名词的复数形式，不能用单数。要将hour改为hours。 动词错误主要有：不规则动词的过去式、过去分词形式错误；时态的不一致性；语态的错用；非谓语动词用法的选择，特别是非谓语动词作状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语时是用过去分词还是现在分词；在 to 后是用不定式还是动名词；以及在并列结构中后面动词的形式；谓语动词时态形式的错用；情态动词和 will(would), shall (should) 等助动词后面的动词形式的误用等。1.There exist now a park that has a small river running through. （09全国卷I）析：句子中的there exist相当于there be形式，exist的形式跟后面的名词a park保持一致，因此exist要用单三形式exists。 形容词与副词错误主要表现在：这两类词的混用；形容词或副词的原级、比较级、最高级的混用等。1.The Sichuan Restaurant and the older fish shop across the street from our middle school are gone. （09全国卷I）析：分析句子，句子中没有比较对象，不能用比较级，要将older改为原形old。 引导词错误：在复合句中引导从句的连接词的错误运用，特别是在定语从句中关系词的错误运用，宾语从句中连接词的误用等。1.One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan. I asked my father for the money. （09辽宁卷）析：非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时只能用which不能用that，应将that改为which。代词错误。代词考查主要集中在句子中代词的一致性、人称代词、反身代词、指示代词的混用等。1.When I was in high school, most of my friends had bicycles. I hoped I could also have it. （2009.辽宁卷）析：根据句义后面句子中的it与前面句子中的bicycles是一类物，表示泛指。因此要将it改为one。思维定势干扰错误。由于受汉语思维定势影响，造成一些英语词语的搭配错误。1.Im glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm. （09海南、宁夏卷）析： anything意思是“任何事或任何物”，而everything表示“所有的东西或物”，很显然句子强调在宿舍的所有事情，应将anything改为everything。行文逻辑错误。高考短文改错中，涉及短文主旨大意及逻辑关系的错误这类试题的隐蔽性较强，单独看并没有错，但若放在整篇中则与全篇的意思不符。I stayed here for one and a half hours and made sure that the girl was all right.析：直接分析该句，没有任何错误，但结合上下文可看出句子是在转述过去发生的事情，不能用here，因此应将here改为there。二、漏词漏词考查主要集中在：名词前漏冠词；不及物动词后漏掉相应的介词。不定式前少了不该省的to；分句与分句之间往往漏掉相应的连词；句子中助动词、情态动词的遗漏。复合句中关系词、连接词的遗漏；以及句子中替代词的遗漏等。1.One day, the school held party, whereI was invited to talk about Tianjin. (08天津卷)析：初次提到的可数名词单数前面要加不定冠词，因此要在party前加不定冠词a。2.It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expecting anything（09浙江卷）析：在it is/was possible to do sth结构中，动词不定式符合不能省略，因此要在give前加to。三、多词多词考查主要集中在介词、副词、连接词、冠词、不定式符号to、代词、助动词等。这些词大都为虚词，在句子中的作用显得不大，但极易引起误用，是学生语言运用中最常犯的错误。1.The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket.(09全国卷I)析：句子的意思为 “市场把位置让给了一个超市”。这里并不表示被动意义，要将been去掉。2. Im sorry that I wasnt able to return to your bike on time yest