aesmolt英语学习英语音标表发音规律记忆口诀必备.doc

、| !_一个人总要走陌生的路，看陌生的风景，听陌生的歌，然后在某个不经意的瞬间，你会发现，原本费尽心机想要忘记的事情真的就这么忘记了. 弃我去者，昨日之日不可留乱我心者，今日之日多烦忧英语音标表发音规律记忆口诀 英语音标表、字母表- 字母、字母组合发音规律记忆口诀一、尝试用“胸腔辅助送力-口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母，感觉学习标准发音，直到感觉音准，流利，升降调式自如为止。印刷体：大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 手写体倾斜：（注意四线格占格要求）大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z ei / bi: /si: /di: / i: /ef /dVi: / eitF / ai / dVei / kei / el /em /en /Eu /pi:/kju: /B: /es /ti: /ju: / vi: /dQblju: /eks /wai /zi: u 先观察以上字母的读音，然后，把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类：(1) ei _ _ _ _ (2) i: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (3) ai _ _ (4) Eu _ (5) u: _ _ _ (6) e _ _ _ _ _ _ (7) B: _ 二、 英语中元音和辅音(母音和子音)的分类表英 语 音 标（采用口腔后部发声法发音）发音特征元音*母音 单元音声带振动前元音：i:/ I: i e A发音清晰响亮气流通畅中元音：Q E E: / :后元音：B: C: C u: u双元音振动ai ei Ci iE ZE/ eE uE au Eu辅音*子音哑辅音不振动ptk fsWF h tFtrts发音含糊晦涩气流受阻浊辅音振动bdg vzTV r dVdrdzmnN l/l wj 辅音连缀prplbrblkrklgrglfrflsnslskspswdwhwkwtw Wr pju:bju:tju:dju:kju:gju:fju:vju:lju:mju:nju:hju:zju三、英语拼音怎么来拼读：(也就是单词的音标怎么读。/与我们汉语拼音很相似) （拼读规则：以元音为中心划分音节，按音节来拼读。）拼读口诀：元音为中心，划分音节、按音节拼读；多音节加重音、多音节一重多轻发音，轻音节怎么轻怎么发音。重开音节读长音，轻/闭音节读短音。例子：hehi:, name neim, tableteibl, bicyclebaisikl, teacherti:tFE, red, cap, and, thank, basket, yellow, umbrella, *详细内容见后面第五节(本材料第8页)：五、音节划分。 u 小测试：音标拼读练习。ai + E aiE au+ E auE h+ iE hiE p+ ZE pZE t+Ci tCiei+ tF eitF tF +eitFei g+EugEu k+aukau sn+EusnEupr+auprau pl+eiplei gr+i:gri: gl+u:glu: kl+B:klB:kl+B:+sklB:s t+u:+Wtu:W br+au+nbraun r+Q+b+ErQbEb+B:+s+k+i+tbB:skit t+i:+tF+Eti:tFE Q+m+br+e+l+EQmbrelE bai+si+klbaisikl brQ+TEbrQTE四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则（或一般规律）：1. 为什么要掌握字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律？目的只有一个，让我们能够做到-见字读音、音义结合。记住词形、服务拼写。第二步就是要 反过来，学会语音认字（类似我们的拼音认字），通过多加练习，逐步达到听音写字、音义结合的水平。第三步是形义结合，练习英语汉语意义对应翻译。例1：假如你知道字母组合ee一般发音是i: (规律), 那么，meet这个单词就脱口而出了。 单词(词形)： meet 词义：遇见；初次见面/认识；满足迎合；迎接/出迎。 _-_-_ 读音/音标 例 2：单词(词形)：which 词义：哪个，哪些 _-_-_ 读音/音标 例 3：单词(词形)：whose 词义：谁的？ _-_-_ 读音/音标 例 4：单词(词形)：pl ea se 词义：请，求你了, _-_-_ 读音/音标 2. 英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律：（要求熟记于心，脱口而出）总口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。 字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律，划分音节顺口连， 元音字母在中间，辅音字母两边站，字母组合算一个，熟能生巧难亦简。辅音字母发音小口诀：辅音字母显易单，见面就把音来念。b发b, c发k, ci(y) ce多发s; 例词：blue, table, Crisp, class, picture, actor, pencil, bicycle, nice,d发d, f f, g发g dV, V少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee, green, egg, orange, garageh h, j发dV, k / l k l可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japan, book, look, blue, Klan classm m, n nN, p p q k r 发r; meet, am, no, green, thank, English, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp,s 最多s和z, 趋唇F V也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, please, sureF, usuallyV, pleasurex 发音剪头端，ks多于gz面； six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam, (后接重读元音)t 发t, v 发v, w 辅音w来念； teacher, it, very, voice, river, with, swim, wash, which, white最后一个字母z，发好z音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle, 辅音字母一见发音表： bcdfghjklmnbkcapdfgegghdVklmnscitydV-lNg/ktablericebedcoffeeorangehighjeepbook bluemeetnosebluebicycledogflygarbagehelloJapankeepballroompenVgaragetablethankpqrstvwx(y)zpkrsdesktvwksjyesz-rzeasygzaimypencilquickroseVusuallysitvoicewashboxibusyzooopenquartersorrypleasureteacherinviteswimexamveryzeroteacherFsurelittlequicklyfreeze常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，千锤百炼习语感。wh发音 h 和 w, th 常发 W 和 T；ch/tch多发 tF, 有时发音 F 或 k；sh F, ph f, gh 不发或发 f(词尾)；gedge 多发 dV, ck 发 k, kn n; ng 易发 N Ng, qu发音 kw 和k。wr 发卷趋 r, 双写分节不分音。 动词或复数词尾s /es, 多发sz/ 和iz; ts ts dsdz例词：wh发音 h 和 w, wh - which, white, what, where, when, why whose, who, whole *whew hw-th 常发 W 和 T；th - this, that, the, they, with thank, three, tooth, forth, eleventhch/tch多发 tF, 有时发音 F 或 k； (t)ch - chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch, watch chase(追赶，追击，追求), ache, headache, chemist machinemEFEn, chaise Feiz (带篷二轮马车)sh F, ph f, gh 不发或发 f(词尾)； sh - shoe, ship, sheep, fish, wash, ash ph - photo, telephone, phrase gh - right, light, daughter laugh, cough gedge 多发 dV, ck 发 k, kn n; (d)ge - orange, page, bridge, fridge, porridge(麦片粥，稀饭) ck - black, kick, lock, back kn - knife, know, knock, knee(膝盖), kneel(跪下), knit (编织), knob(球形把手, 旋钮), knack (诀窍), knight(骑士,武士; *金山游侠，金山公司出品的游戏修改软件),ng 易发 N Ng, qu发音 kw 和k。ng - sing, song, long, wing English, hungryqu - quick, quite(相当，十分), quiet (安静的，平静的), quarter, require, cheque(支票), unique(唯一，独有独特的), technique(技巧), wr 发卷趋 r, wr - wrong, write, wrap(包，裹), wrist(手腕), wrest(拧，扭), wrestle(摔跤), wring(绞，扭) 双写分节不分音：miss, apple, egg, sorry, yellow, umbrella 双写元音字母：see, zoo, bookts/tes - its tail(它的尾巴), two baskets /boats(两个篮子/小船), my coats /shirts (我的上衣/衬衫), three hats(三顶帽子), five cats(五只猫), many streets(许多街道), two packets(两个包裹/两包.), some presents/ sweets(一些礼物/糖果), two biscuits (两块饼干), a box of chocolates (一包巧克力糖), ten minutes (十分钟), two gates (两扇大门), in my pockets (在我的口袋里), two lights /kites (两个灯 /风筝), two nests (两个鸟巢/窝), two tea-pots (两个茶壶), some carrots (一些胡萝卜), Whats this? Its a pen. sits, ds/des- two birds, two hands, English words, their beds, their heads, two blackboards, goods(商品/货物), 辅音连缀：pr - practice, praise, pray, press, price, proud, pl- please, play, plane, plan, place, plain, plenty (丰富, 大量), pliers (钳子(如老虎钳,手钳,扁嘴钳等),镊子),plod(沉重地走, 辛勤工作), plop (扑通落下), plum(李子), plug(插头,插上),br- brag(吹牛), brake (闸，刹车), brain, break, bread, breed (使)繁殖, 教养, 抚养), brown, bride(新娘),bribe(贿赂, 向行贿), brush bl- black, bleed, blind, blouse, blood, blue, cr-/kr- crab(螃蟹), cradle(摇篮), cream, crop, cricket(昆蟋蟀, 运动板球) criticize(批评, 责备), cry,cruel(残忍的), kraut(泡菜), Kremlin (克里姆林宫), cl-/kl- class, claim(根据权利)要求得到, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要) clean, clear, clock, close, click(发出滴答声,单击n.滴答声) , club(俱乐部, 夜总会,), klaxon (高音喇叭/气笛, 电喇叭), Klan (=Ku Klux Klan)三K党) gr- grade, grass, grape, graceful(优雅的，温文尔雅)，green, great, grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), grin(露齿笑, 裂口笑), groan(呻吟(着说), gruffly (说话或态度粗暴地, 粗声地, 生硬地)gl- glass, glad, gleam (发微光, 使闪烁), glide(滑行,滑翔), globe(地球仪), glove(手套), glue(胶水/胶合) fr- France, French, free, fresh (新鲜的, 无经验的), frequent (频繁的), friend (朋友), fried, fry, frog (青蛙),from(自，从)，front (前面,前线,阵线), fruit (水果, 果实, 果类, 成果), frustrated (感到灰心/失败的) fl- flat, flag, flame(火焰,热情), flap (拍打, 鼓翼而飞, 飘动), flares (喇叭裤), flash (闪光, 闪现, 一瞬间), flea(跳蚤), flee (逃跑, 逃走), fleer (狞笑, 讥笑), flesh (肉,果肉), flinch (畏缩, 退缩, 畏首畏尾), floor (地板，楼层),float (漂浮,浮舟,彩车), flood (洪水, 水灾, 淹没, 涌进,涌出) flour (面粉), flow (流动, (河水)泛滥, 洋溢), flower(花) , flu (流感), fly (飞翔，飞行)，flub (做得不好, 弄糟), fluent (流利的, 流畅的), sl- slave (奴隶), slander (诽谤), slaughter (屠宰, 残杀, 屠杀), sleep (睡眠, 睡觉), sleet (下/雨加雪, 下冰雹),sleeve (袖子), slice (薄片, 切片), slim (苗条的, 纤细的), slip (滑倒, 失足), slogan (口号, 标语), slow(ly)(慢的/地), sly/ slily slaili(狡猾的/地), sm- small (小的, 少的), smart (聪明的, 漂亮的, 灵巧地, 时髦地), smarty (=wise guy自作聪明的人), smell(气味, 臭味, /嗅, 闻到, 散发(.的)气味, 有(.的)气味), smile ( at) 微笑), smog (烟雾), smoke (n.烟, 烟尘, 烟幕/v.抽烟, 吸烟vi.冒烟), smuggle (n.走私, 偷带v.走私), sn- snow, snake, snack (吃)快餐/小吃), snail (蜗牛), snap (猛咬), sneer (冷笑,轻蔑的笑), sneeze (打/ 喷嚏),snob /snobling (势利的年轻人, 势利小人), sk- skate, skating, skirt, ski (=skee滑雪), skim (掠过, 滑过, 浏览), skin (皮肤, 兽皮, 皮毛), skint (身无分文的, 穷光蛋的), skip (跳, 蹦,跳读), sky-blue (天蓝色的, 淡蓝色, 蔚蓝色) sp- space (空间, 间隔, 距离, 空地, 余地), spade (铲, 铁锹), Spain (西班牙), spare (多余的, 剩下的/分让给),spell, speak (说话, 谈话, 发言, 演讲, 说明事实, 表示意见,操(某种语言), spear (spiE矛, 枪), specific (spisifik特效药, 详细而精确的, 明确的), spice (香料, 调味品,情趣), spider (蜘蛛), sport(运动,运动会), spume spju:m(n.泡沫v.(使)起泡沫), spumous (adj.起泡沫的, 泡沫状的), spurspE:(n.踢马剌, 剌激物v.鞭策), sputter spQtE(n.vi.vt.说话急快/唾沫飞溅/飞溅出/喷溅声), sputum spju:tEm(唾液, 痰), spy (特工, 间谍, 侦探,/秘密侦察),st- stand, stamp (邮票, 跺(脚), 顿(足), stage (舞台,戏剧,举行), star (星, 恒星, 明星, 名角), start (动身,开始,着手惊动,惊起,起动,发动), staff (棒, 杖, 杆, 支柱, 全体职员), stadium (露天运动场/体育场), step, steep(陡峭的), stick (棍, 棒, 手杖/粘住, 粘贴), stop, student, stupid (愚蠢的, 麻木的), stupidity (蠢事,糊涂事), stutter (口吃, 结结巴巴的说), style (风格, 时尚, 文体), sw- swab (swCbn.拖把, 药签,vt. 拭抹, 擦洗), swag(摇晃, 水潭,垂花饰), swear(宣誓, 发誓), sweat(n/v.(使)出汗),sweater(厚运动衫, 毛线衫), sweep(扫, 打扫, 清扫, 席卷, 冲光), sweepup(n.大扫除), sweet(甜的, 可受的, 美好的, 芳香的/n. 糖果),swim (swam,swum), swing (swang, swung,秋千, 摇摆, 摆动), swicky(美威士忌酒), swig(n/v.痛饮, 大喝特喝(尤指从瓶口喝的), swiftly(迅速地, 敏捷地), swindle (sb of骗走某人的), swob(拖把, 海棉), swobble(大口地吃), swoon(vi.昏晕, 昏厥惊讶, 酣睡n.狂喜, 陶醉), swoop(n.突然下降, 猛扑vt攫取vi.飞扑, 突然袭击), sword(剑), swot(at./ for./up; vi.用功读书vt.用功学习n.苦读的人, 辛苦的工作), dw- dwarf (dwC:fn.矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小), dwell(at./in.居住 停留于;on./upon.细想, 详述),tw- twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth, twain (tweinn.两, 双, 二, 一对), twin(s), twig (twign.嫩枝, 小枝, 末梢), twice(twaisadv.两次, 两倍), twiddle (withv.玩弄, 旋弄,捻), twill (twiln.斜纹织物vt.把.织成斜纹adj.斜纹织物的), twine (twainn.合股线, 细绳, 麻线, 搓v.搓, 织, 编饰, (使)缠绕), twinge(twindVn.一阵一阵痛, 如刺一样痛, 剧痛vt.使一阵一阵痛, 刺痛), twinkle (5twiNklv.闪烁, 闪耀, (使)闪光n.闪烁, 发光, 牛眼), twist(twistn.一扭, 扭曲,手法, 螺旋状vt.拧, 扭曲, 绞, 搓, 捻, 使苦恼, 使转动, vi.扭弯, 扭曲, 缠绕, 扭动, 呈螺旋形),two,thr- three, thread(线，细丝, 线索, 思路, 螺纹), threaten(恐吓, 威胁), threnode (哀歌), thrive(兴旺, 繁荣, 茁壮成长, 旺盛), throw(扔，抛，投，摔，掷，丢), through (通过，穿过，透过/时间从的开始到末了，从头到尾；场所到处，全面), throat (咽喉, 喉咙, 嗓音, 窄路), throne (王座, 君主), throstle (=wood thrush画眉鸟), thruput(吞吐量), thrust(力推, 冲, 插入, 挤进, 刺, 戳), thrypsis(5Wripsis粉碎性骨折),* u 提前练一练，看看有何难。小测试： 1). 见字读音: 写出下列单词的音标。 class this your you here Sandy Crisp 2). 音义结合：写出下列读音所对应的汉语意义。 klB:s _; hiE _; blu: _; sku:lbAg _; kQm _;3). 听音写字：根据音标写单词。 klB:s _; hiE _; blu: _; sku:lbAg _; kQm _; hu:z _ it _ pli:z _ daun _ ru:lE _ kQm _4). 形义结合：英汉互译（即，写出对应的英语或汉语意思）。 her -_; thank-_; 定冠词/ 这个或那个-_; 书-_; rubber -_; 小姐 -_; 帽子 -_; Sit down please. _; Thank you. _; Here you are. _; Yes, it is. _; Come here, please. _; ?字母L的两种读音口诀：音节开头发清音l -, 音节末尾模糊音- l,l - lazy, like, look, long, lubber (lQbE adj.粗笨的, 笨拙的n.傻大个), black, please, clock, color, toilet, holiday, English, Italian, nationality, lollipop, - l girlE:l, ball C:l, small, schoolu:l, wellel, smell, level(E)l, smileail, hillil, oldEul, cold, childail, children il, full ul, beautiful ul, apple pl, people, pupil, table bl, impossible, label (贴)标签), little tl, bottle, title, middle dl, cradle(摇篮),bicycle kl, eagle gl, pencil sl, puzzle -zl, dazzle5dAzl(眩目，晃眼，耀眼), 常见音节尾音总结：i:l / il / el/ Al / Ql / El / E:l / C:l / Cl / u:l / ul / ail / eil / Cil / iEl / uEl / aul / Eul / -pl / -bl / -tl / -dl / -kl / -gl / -fl / -vl / -sl / -zl / -pEl / -bEl / -tEl / -dEl / -kEl / -gEl / -fEl / -vEl / -sEl / -zEl 元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀： 元音字母音多变，熟记规则也不难。重开音节多长音，eii:aiEuju:/u:来拼；重闭音节/轻音短，AeiCQuEa接r /ss常发B:/A, 还有eiA C/C:i E。e的发音首数e，空尾/重i:轻iE。重开音节i发ai，重闭/轻音短iE。o发长音EuC:u:，短音QCE one殊。u字多发 ju:和Q，忙碌busy(i)加u:u。y头发j重读ai，轻音/结尾i变来。ay ,ey, o/uy，多发eii,Ciai。r前元音常卷舌，S后弱音须强化。相近发音不规则，省力顺口是关键。相近/强化加弱化，使得元音多变化。例词：a- / ei / B:/ A/ C:/ C/ E/ i / 强化音ei，弱化音Ea接r /ss常发B:/A, 还有eiA C/C:i E。name ei, table ei, car B:, park B:, class B:, basket B:/A, as A, ass A, father B:, afterward(s) B:/E(然后, 后来), dollar E,cap A, catch A, grammar A/E, America E, asleep, alone, afraid, banana E /B:/E, woman E, water C:, watch C, what C, war C:, orange i, e- / i:/ e/ i / E/ -*(词尾空音) / 强化音i:，弱化音E/ i e的发音首数e，空尾/重i:轻iE。 he i:, she i:, we i:, me i:, evening i:, red e, pencil e, empty e, desk e, umbrella e, French e, basket i, women i, pretty i, the E / i:, children E, open E, hundred E / i:,/ -*(词尾空音) /- whose z, house s, nice s, face s, white t, name m, give v, side d, wake k, prize z, fine n, tube b, orange dV, employee i: (职工, 雇员, 店员), apple pl, table bl, little tl, middle dl, bicycle kl, eagle gl(鹰), i- /ai / i:/ i / E / 强化音ai/i:，弱化音E/ i 重开音节发i: /ai，重闭/轻音短iE。 right ai, bicycle ai, white ai, police i:, this i, which i, his i,building i, beautiful E, holiday E, o- /Eu/ Q/ C/ C:/u:/ u / E / wQ- 强化音Eu/ C:/u:，弱化音Eo发长音EuC:u:，短音QCE one殊。 no Eu, cold Eu, those Eu, come Q, some Q, mother Q, brother Q, son Q, month Q, dog C, not C, hot C, sorry C, shop C, locker C, box C, orange C:, whose u:, who u:, do u:, to u:, two u:, woman u, policeman E, today E, occasion E(场合, 时机, 机会), aeroplane E, / one wQn, once wQns, reservoir rezEvwB:, u- /ju:/ Q / u / u: /i / 强化音ju:/u:，弱化音iu字多发 ju:和Q，忙碌busy(i)加u:u。 use ju:, usually ju:, tube ju:, music ju:, pupil ju:, rubber Q, umbrella Q, mum Q, hungry Q, bus Q, just Q,cup Q,put u, full u, pull u, ruler u:,Sue u:,blue u:,minute i, busy i y- /ai / j / i / 强化音ai，弱化音i y头发j重读ai，轻音/结尾i变来。 your j, you j, yes j, yellow j, young j, my ai, why ai, tyre ai, style ai, fry ai, cry ai, bicycle i, baby i, ready i, hungry i, very i, thirsty i, empty i, busy i, body i, slowly i,常见元音字母组合发音口诀： 字母组合固定音，常受影响发音变；千锤百炼习语感。组合爱发长/双元(音(重读音节)；常受影响发音变；为了顺口图方便，近似发音相变换。另有强化加弱化，多个字母省略念。外来/古语不规则(发音)，熟读百遍字腔圆。a- ay ei day, say, play, way, weekday, birthday, / i Sunday, Monday, ar B: car, star, farm, are, park, garlic, / E dollar, collar, grammar, particular pEtikju:lE, al C: all, ball, small, hall, walk, chalk, / B: half, C:l / Al / El 非组合式的情况：althoughC:l, alga AlgE(藻类, 海藻), algal AlgEl(adj.海藻的), algebra AldVibrE (代数学), signal lsigEl(信号/发信号, 用信号通知), au C: daughter, fault, audience, cause, AugustC:gEst (八月), august C:gQst(令人敬畏的, 威严的), C because, au kraut(泡菜), B: laugh, air ZE air, chair, hair, pair, fair, ai ei aid, aim, rain, afraid, wait, maid, straight, faith (信念, 宗教信仰, 忠实,), aw C: draw, law, saw, awful, raw, e- ea i: teacher, tea, eat, meat, read, clean, heal, e bread, breakfast, head, ei great, break, steak, ee i: meet, teeth, see, three, green, week, freezing, queen, ei ei eight, weigh, weight, i: receive, ceiling, deceit (n.欺骗, 谎言), deceive(v. 欺骗, 谎言), receipt (收条, 收据, 收到), perceive (v.察觉感知, 感到), conceit (原义;自负, 幻想), er E: her, herd(兽群, 牧群/放牧), emergency (紧急情况, 紧急突发事件, 非常时刻,), E teacher, sister, brother, farmer, worker, letter, over, ear iE ear, hear, near, year, fear, earwig (偷听者), ZE pear, wear, swear(宣誓, 发誓), E: early, earth, earn, ere iE here, sphere (球体), hemisphere (半球), ZE there, ere (prep/conj. 前于.; 在.以前), eir ZE their, eer iE beer, deer, cheer(欢呼/喝彩), sneer(冷笑,讥笑), jeer(讥讽嘲弄), engineer, , ey ei they, grey, hey, ew ju: new, few, hew(砍), view(景色, 风景, 观点, 见解), ewe (母羊), i- ir E: girl, sir, thirsty, shirt, skirt, first, thirty, whirl(使)旋转), stir (轰动, 激起,搅动), ie i: piece, niece(侄女, 甥女), field, thief, believe, belief, achieve(完成, 达到), chief(首领, 领袖, 酋长, 长官/主要的, 首要的, 首席的, 主任的), grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), relief(痛苦等的)减轻), ire aiE tire(轮胎；使劳累), tired(累的，疲劳的), wire(金属丝, 电线), igh ai right, light, fight, might(也许, 或许; 可能), night, knight, o- or C: or, for, fork, morning, short, torch, more, E: work, worker, E actor, doctor, forget, oa Eu boat, coat, goat, goal, oo u:school, food, too, room, tooth, spoon, moon, boot, root, wool, mood(心情, 情绪, 语气, 状态), u book, look, cook, good, football, foot Q blood, flood, ou au house, blouse, trousers, mouse, mouth, south, ouch, out, our, hour, flour, sour, mountain, Q young, touch, rough(粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的), u: you, through, rouge ru:V(擦口红/胭脂), uwould, could, should, C: cough, ow au brown, down, how, now, towel, tower, Eu yellow, bowl, show, blow, snow, throw oy/oi Ci boy, toy, enjoy, employ, / noise, noisy, toilet, oil, boil, our au our, flour(面粉) C: your, four, course, ore C: before, more, forehead, foresee, oor C:/ JE/ door, floor, moor(荒野;停泊, 系住