2019高考英语考前刷题大卷练（二）.docx

刷题大卷练(二)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019广东省七校联考Its almost the camp season!Summer is wonderful. Summer at one of the following awesome camps? Even more wonderful.Tohosa High Adventure BaseLocation: Ward, ColoradoPeoples puzzle: Tahosas ropes courses are some of the nations best. Use your hands, feet and brains to take up highflying challenges and overcome your fears. Fly fishing at 9,000 feet? Yes. Fishing licenses or experience needed? No, sir!Choose your adventure: Go allinclusive, where the staff prepare meals and run the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours.Camp RaymondLocation: Parks, ArizonaDont look down: When you are looking up at the stars, light pollution is your enemy. But Camp Raymonds location and elevation (海拔) of 6,700 feet offer perfect conditions for seeing otherwise invisible stars.Thats cool: Dont forget your camera and a jacket. During the day, you could spot bears and deer. At night, temperatures can fall sharply. Hot cocoa at summer camp? Cool.Pamlico Sea BaseLocation: Blounts Creek, North CarolinaGo coastal: Explore the Carolina coast by boat. You choose the route, and Pamlico provides the equipment. Keep an eye out for wild horses, lighthouses and boatloads of fish.Set sail: Even if you dont know the starboard, Pamlicos sailing journey will make you a firstrate sailor in no time. Youll even practice finding your way using the stars.Base CampLocation: St. Paul, MinnesotaBig upgrade: What happens when you change a 1907 cavalry drill hall (骑兵训练场) into an adventure destination in the heart of the city? You get Base Camp for overnight lockins, weekend retreats (隐居处) and summer camp.Inside out: Most of Base Camp is indoors, meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winters coldest days.【文章大意】本文是一篇广告类应用文，主要介绍了四个不同类型的夏令营，包括活动地点、活动项目、注意事项等。【难句分析】Even if you dont know the starboard, Pamlicos sailing journey will make you a firstrate sailor in no time.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“Even if you dont know the starboard”为Even if引导的让步状语从句。译文：即使你不知道右舷，帕姆利科的航行之旅也会让你立刻成为一流的水手。1What do we know about Tahosa High Adventure Base?AIt requires fishing licenses.BIt offers lessons on flying a plane.CIts the camp that is intended for brave kids.DIt is a camp where you can set your own pace.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据文章第二段中的“Summer at one of the following awesome camps”可知，“Tahosa High Adventure Base”是夏令营；根据该部分最后两句“Go allinclusive, where the staff prepare meals and run the program, or take control and plan your perfect week. The choice is yours”可知，你可以选择全包的方式，那里的工作人员会准备饭并组织项目，或者你自己控制并计划你完美的一周；这是你的选择。据此可知，参加Tahosa High冒险基地夏令营可以设定自己的节奏，故D项正确。由该部分中的“Fishing licenses or experience needed? No”可知A项错误；B、C两项文中未提及。2What can be learned in Pamlico Sea Base?AHow to use the starboard.BHow to choose camping equipment.CHow to use the stars for directions.DHow to make a boat on your own.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据Pamlico Sea Base部分的尾句“Youll even practice finding your way using the stars”可知，在Pamlico海洋基地夏令营，你可以学会用星星辨别方向，故C项正确。3In which camp can kids climb walls inside on winter days?ABase Camp.BCamp Raymond.CPamlico Sea Base.DTahosa High Adventure Base.答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据Base Camp部分中的“Most of Base Camp is indoors, meaning the activities like climbing walls can be undertaken on winters coldest days”可知，基地夏令营的大部分活动都在室内，这意味着像攀登墙这样的活动可以在冬天最冷的时候进行，故A项正确。B2019重庆第二次调研My earliest memories are about Albania. Its my beautiful country, but in the 1990s, civil war broke out. For eight or nine months, we didnt leave the house. We didnt go to school.In 1996, my mother went to the US. with me and my sister. We arrived in St. Louis with$2,000 in our pockets. We went from one homeless shelter to another, sometimes sleeping in a park or a bus station. My mom got underthetable jobs cleaning restaurants, and my sister and I would sleep on the seats while she worked. Although we were homeless and times were tough, we had each other. Then we lived near a public park with tennis courts, and in my spare time, Id hit against the wall with a racket and balls I borrowed from a local coach.In 2006, I was a highly ranked mens singles player in the United States Tennis Associations southern region. Boston University recruited (招收) me as a tennis player and I became an American citizen. I started college with some scholarships and financial aid. But soon after I got there, it became clear that I wasnt good enough to play professionally. I was good, but I wasnt that good. Going_pro had always been my goal, and when it became clear that it was unattainable there, I lost interest.In 2009, I found a new desire, real estate(房地产). So I moved to Los Angeles, and got a handle on the real estate.Now my sister is a doctor and my mom is finally retired. I bought my mom a house. She made a sacrifice for us. Its only fair that I repay her. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“我”的人生经历。“我”因阿尔巴尼亚内战和姐姐一起被母亲带到美国。“我”对网球产生兴趣且网球成绩优秀，并被波士顿大学录取。由于没能达到自己的目标，“我”放弃了网球转而经营房地产。如今“我”给母亲购买了房子，“我”的姐姐成了一名医生【难句分析】But soon after I got there, it became clear that I wasnt good enough to play professionally. 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“soon after I got there”为时间状语从句，“that I wasnt good enough to play professionally”为that引导的主语从句，it作形式主语。译文：但在“我”到了那里后不久，“我”就清楚地意识到我不够优秀，不能成为职业运动员。 4Why did the writer leave his home country? ATo go to school. BTo escape the civil war. CTo play tennis as a player. DTo make money on real estate.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Its my beautiful country, but in the 1990s, civil war broke out”可知，虽然阿尔巴尼亚是我美丽的家乡，但是20世纪90年代那里发生了内战；结合第二段第一句“In 1996, my mother went to the US. with me and my sister”可知，“我”的母亲带着我和姐姐为了躲避阿尔巴尼亚内战而去了美国，故B项正确。 5What influenced the writer most according to the passage? AEnvironment. BMoney. CFamily. DSchool.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第一段第二句“Its my beautiful country, but in the 1990s, civil war broke out”和第二段第一句“In 1996, my mother went to the US. with me and my sister”可知，“我”的母亲带着“我”和姐姐为了躲避阿尔巴尼亚内战而去了美国。根据第三段中的“Boston University recruited (招收) me as a tennis player and I became an American citizen”“But soon after I got there. Going pro had always been my goal, and when it became clear that it was unattainable there, I lost interest”和第四段“In 2009, I found a new desire, real estate(不动产). So I moved to Los Angeles, and got a handle on the real estate”可知，“我”作为网球运动员被大学招收并且“我”成为美国公民，在大学里“我”以成为职业运动员为目标，但后来发现这个目标无法实现，“我”对网球失去兴趣，转而搬到洛杉矶，开始经营房地产。据此可以判断，“我”所处的环境及经历对“我”影响最大，故A项正确。 6What does the underlined phrase “Going pro” in the third paragraph mean? AGoing abroad. BMaking progress. CBecoming a professional player. DLearning in Boston University.答案与解析：C考查词义猜测。根据第三段倒数第三句“But soon after I got there, it became clear that I wasnt good enough to play professionally”可知，“我”去了波士顿大学之后不久，“我”就清楚地意识到“我”不够优秀，无法成为职业运动员；结合画线部分所在句“Going pro had always been my goal, and when it became clear that it was unattainable there, I lost interest”可知，在大学里成为职业运动员一直是“我”的目标，可是“我”无法实现，失去了对网球的兴趣。据此可以判断，画线部分意为“成为职业运动员”，故C项正确。 7How is the passage mainly developed? ABy following time order. BBy giving examples. CBy describing family experiences. DBy analyzing reasons.答案与解析：A考查篇章结构。通读全文可知，文章按照时间顺序讲述了“我”小时候因阿尔巴尼亚内战而于1996年和姐姐一起被母亲带去美国避难，接着讲述了2006年“我”的网球成绩优秀而且被波士顿大学录取，接着讲述“我”放弃做职业运动员的梦想并于2009年搬到洛杉矶经营房地产。据此可以判断，文章是按照时间顺序组织的，故A项正确。C2019福州市质量检查With the everincreasing popularity of online shopping, users reviews are becoming more and more important. Given that you cant actually touch, see, smell or hear the product youre buying online, these reviews will provide you with valuable information on the product itself. But how far can you trust them?Barnaby Bicken had an unpleasant experience. “I took some friends to a restaurant in Manchester that had excellent reviews on a food website. However, the service was awful and we were ignored most of the time. Later, I wrote a review on the same site only to be told that the review site owner would not accept any bad reviews only the good ones.”So, how can you get a useful review? Web expert Hilary Saunders has a few top tips. “If there are only a few reviews of a place, there is a good chance they have been planted by friends or enemies. If there are many reviews, start by dropping the most extreme comments. Also, watch out for similarities in style between reviews from people with different usernames, particularly if those reviews were placed about the same time. The best thing is to look for reviewers who show some relevant knowledge of the product they are reviewing.”Some companies seem to be contributing to the problem. A publishing house offered gift vouchers (购物礼券) to anyone who would give their textbook a fivestar review. But not all online companies operate like this. “Amazon works hard to keep the completeness of its customer reviews，” said a spokesperson for the company. “We have very clear guidelines, and when a customer reports a review that he feels is inappropriate, we check, and may take it down.”So, next time you see that fivestar review for something you want to buy, be aware it could be the work of a false reviewer!【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了随着网上购物越来越受欢迎，使用者的评价变得越来越重要。但是，这些评论的可信度到底有多高呢？【难句分析】Given that you cant actually touch, see, smell or hear the product youre buying online, these reviews will provide you with valuable information on the product itself.分析：这是一个复合句。Given that相当于if引导的条件状语从句；youre buying online为定语从句，修饰the product，并且the product在该定语从句中作buying的宾语。译文：假如你不能真实地触摸到、看到、闻到或听到你要在网上购买的产品，这些评论会给你提供关于该产品本身的有价值的信息。8What does “them” in Para. 1 refer to?AProducts. BUsers.CReviews. DBuyers.答案与解析：C考查代词指代。them指代上文中的名词复数形式，上文的复数名词有reviews和buyers，再根据下文的关于网上评价未必都和事实相符的例子可知，这里应选C项。9What does Barnaby Bickens story imply?AThe food served was awful.BNot all reviews are believable.CMany people are easily cheated.DHe likes to write bad reviews.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。Barnaby Bicken选择了一家网评很好的饭店吃饭，结果发现饭店的服务质量非常糟糕，自己想如实写一个评论发表，但又不被接受。该例子是对第一段最后一句“这些评论可信度有多高？”的回应，故该例子是说明网上评价未必都和事实相符，因此选B项。10What reviews of products are useful?AThose by competitors.BThose by different users.CThose with good comments.DThose with related information.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据文章第三段中的“The best thing is to look for reviewers who show some relevant knowledge of the product they are reviewing”可知，最好是寻找那些对评价的产品有相关知识的网评者，故有相关信息的那些评价是有用的，因此D选项符合题意。11How does Amazon deal with the customer reviews?AIt helps to finish the reviews.BIt pays attention to the bad reviews.CIt offers gifts for the good reviews.DIt tries to make the reviews objective.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据文章第四段中的“Amazon works hard to keep the completeness of its customer reviews”和“We have very clear guidelines, and when a customer reports a review that he feels is inappropriate, we check, and may take it down”可知，亚马逊公司努力保持顾客评论的完整性，处理顾客所反映的不恰当的评论，因此可以说该公司尽量保持评论的客观性，因此答案为D选项。D2019陕西检测二Whenever I hear a recording of John Denver singing“Sunshine on My Shoulders”， I find myself smiling, drawn to a love of the sun and the outdoors Ive had for years as a Michigan native. Walking barefoot to the lake, playing without shirts in the sunlight, and breathing fresh air feel good. As a doctor I can tell you they are also good for your heart.Studies have found higher rates of high blood pressure among people with the lowest sun exposure. One reason may be due to nitric oxide (一氧化氮), a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the suns rays. It reduces both heart attack and stroke risks. Vitamin D, which sunlight helps your body produce, is also linked to better health. So walk outdoors for 15 to 30 minutes daily.In Japan, walking through forests to keep healthy has become a popular practice. Apparently they want to enjoy the fresh air. But research on 280 volunteers found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest than when they spent time in an urban area.One of the consequences of modern society is that rarely is our body in direct contact with the ground. The earth has an electrical current. Direct contact with it may be stabilizing force for good health. Although “earthing” or “grounding” is considered alternative by mainstream medicine, research shows that the practice seems to be able to reduce heart disease risks.So, walk around barefoot wherever possible, let your backyard grass tickle your feet, and dig your toes into sandy beaches. 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过叙述自己的经历、感受和一些研究发现，告诉人们户外活动有益于心脏。【难句分析】One reason may be due to nitric oxide (一氧化氮), a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the suns rays. 分析：本句包含whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a gas；when引导时间状语从句。译文：原因之一可能是当你的皮肤暴露在阳光下时，一氧化氮的功能被激活。 12The first paragraph is meant to _. Ashow the author likes the song very muchBput forward the argument of the passageCsuggest that the author loves nature crazilyDindicate the author is a Michigan native答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第一段“Whenever I hear a recording of John Denver singingSunshine on My Shoulders， I find myself smiling, drawn to a love of the sun and the outdoors Ive had for years as a Michigan native. Walking barefoot to the lake, playing without shirts in the sunlight, and breathing fresh air feel good. As a doctor I can tell you they are also good for your heart”的描述可知，作者写这段的目的是为了提出文章的论点。 13Sunbathings good for heart because _.Athe suns rays make nitric oxide workBsunlight can help people keep warmCthe suns rays can help replace vitamin DDvitamin D reduces blood circulation答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“One reason may be due to nitric oxide (一氧化氮), a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the suns rays. It reduces both heart attack and stroke risks”的描述可推知，日光浴对心脏有好处是因为阳光能使一氧化氮工作。14Its believed that walking through forests can _. Amake people popularBhelp breathe in fresh airCreduce blood pressureDhelp escape noisy cities答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第三句“But research on 280 volunteers found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest than when they spent time in an urban area”的描述可知，人们普遍认为穿过森林可以降低血压。 15The best title of the passage should be _. ANitric Oxide Has Magic FunctionsBWalking Barefoot Builds the BodyCSunbathing is Good for HealthDOutdoor Activities Benefit the Heart答案与解析：D考查主旨大意。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Walking barefoot. for your heart”及最后一段“So, walk around barefoot wherever possible, let your backyard grass tickle your feet, and dig your toes into sandy beaches”可知，这篇文章的主旨是户外活动有益于心脏。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019长沙市名校第二阶段测评How to Retain (保存) More of Every Book You ReadIn recent years, I have focused on building good reading habits and learned how to read more. For most people, the final goal of reading a nonfiction book is to actually improve their life by learning a new skill, understanding an important problem, or looking at the world in a new way. _16_ With that in mind, Id like to share three reading comprehension skills that I use to make my reading more productive.1Make all of your notes searchable.Having searchable book notes is important for returning to ideas easily. _17_ An idea is only useful if you can find it when you need it. There is no need to leave the task of reading comprehension merely up to your memory.2_18_When you go to the library, all of the books will be divided into different categories. In the real world, of course, knowledge is not separated into neatly defined boxes. _19_ For that reason, I try to consider how the book Im reading is connected with all of the ideas that are already inside my head. Whenever possible, I try to combine the lessons Im learning with previous ideas.3Summarize the book in one paragraph._20_ It forces me to review my notes and consider what is really important about the book. In many cases, I find that I can usually get just as much useful information from reading my oneparagraph summary and reviewing my notes as I would if I read the entire book again.ACombine thoughts as you read.BAll knowledge is interconnected.CDescribe the book to your friends.DRead widely if you want to practice the skills.EIt increases the chances that you will apply what you read in real life.FOnce I finish a book, I challenge myself to summarize the text in just three sentences.GIts important to read books, but it is just as important to remember what you read and use it.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，分别从记笔记、边阅读边思考以及归纳三方面说明如何提高阅读效率。16答案与解析：G根据空前的内容可知阅读能改善人们的生活，再根据后面一句中的“to make my reading more productive”(使得阅读更有效率)可知，G项“阅读很重要，而记住所阅读的东西并加以利用同样重要”符合语境。另外，后面With that in mind中的that指代G项内容。17答案与解析：E根据语境可知，有可查阅的读书笔记对于轻松地回想起书中的思想很重要，这增加了你将读到的东西运用到现实生活中的可能性。E项中的It指代Having searchable book notes。18答案与解析：A根据此段的最后一句“Whenever possible, I try to combine the lessons Im learning with previous ideas”可知，作者建议读书的过程中要学会整合思想，故A项与此处匹配。19答案与解析：B根据空前一句“In the real world, of course, knowledge is not separated into neatly defined boxes”可知，现实生活中，知识当然不是独立地安放在各种整齐、清晰界定的箱子里，所有的知识都是交融的，故B项与此处匹配。空后的“connected with”也是暗示。20答案与解析：F根据本段标题句Summarize the book in one paragraph中的关键词Summarize可知，F项中的“I challenge myself to summarize the text in just three sentences”与标题信息相吻合。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2019福州市质量检查I was once in an unusual sociology (社会学) class at Brandeis. Each week we studied the _21_ we interacted with one another, and how we _22_ to anger, envy, attention. We were human lab rats. More often, someone _23_ crying. I referred to it as the “touchyfeely” course. Mr. Brown said I should be more _24_.One day, Mr. Brown said he had an