2020高考英语新创新一轮复习选修7Unit21HumanBiology课下作业（一_三）北师大版.docx

必修7 Unit 21 Human Biology 课下作业（一三）.单词拼写1Most babies can digest (消化) a wide range of food easily.2The flight was postponed (延期) because of the thick fog.3We can find the happiness we seek (追求) if we first share it with others.4Under the circumstances (情况), we must rely on ourselves.5They were accused of abusing (滥用) their power to keep prices artificially high.6As we all know, soil is fundamental (根本的) to the growth of the plants.7The disappearance of jobs is a symptom (征兆) of a deeper social economic change.8Due to bad management, company profits have been declining (下降) over the last three years.9Your suggestion was submitted (提交) to the commission for its consideration.10With such a short time left before the deadline (最后日期), it is unlikely for John to finish the job on time.单句语法填空1Many residents are opposed to building (build) the motorway. It is not a wise decision.2Lets postpone making (make) a decision until we have more information.3He has declined to_come (come) and in that case we can ask somebody else.4Nobody can tolerate_being_cheated (cheat), and thats why he has no friend.5We seek to_find (find) a way to make us get along well with the people around us.6If you want to share a story of your pets with the readers，you need to submit it to Smart Animals.7You must carry the necessary equipment (equip) with you，since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes.8We shared the belief that if youre fortunate (fortune) enough to have success, you should put something back.9Many farmers opposed (opposite) the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.10She wiped the sweat off from her face with a piece of facial tissue.单句改错1My efforts to bring about a settlement ended of vain. ofin2She chose a novel from the shelf in the library in random. 第二个inat3The number of population in that country is now in the decline. inon4He made fortune in his business trade on the Internet last year. made后加a5The students in the lecture hall are focusing in the professors speech. 第二个inon6They are urgently seeking out the posts where they are well paid. outafter/for7I am very much opposed to permit him to go alone at night. permitpermitting8To our delight, the smoking of cigarettes is in the decline in this area recently. 第一个inon9The drunken driver, rather than the passersby were to blame for the traffic accident. werewas10He gave away his all money to buy some equipments for the new school. equipmentsequipment.完成句子1They tried their best to make her happy but_in_vain.他们尽力使她高兴但徒劳无功。2One failure after another wiped_out_his_ambition for fame.一次又一次的失败使他成名的雄心壮志化为乌有。3Its_clever_of_you_to work out the perfect plan in such a short time.在这么短的时间内制定出这样完美的方案，你真是太聪明了。4To our delight, the_number_of_robberies_is_declining in this area recently.让我们感到高兴的是，近来这个地区的抢劫案的数量在下降。5I prefer_to_take_some_exercise_outside_rather_than_play_computer_games at home on Sundays.星期天，我宁愿出去锻炼也不愿待在家里玩电脑游戏。.根据提示填空Obviously, most people who try to lose_weight (减肥) generally focus all or most of their attention on the food they eat. But what about their behavior? Are there habits they could be breaking that would also help them lose weight?According to the Ohio State University Extension, which summarized the findings, the researchers learned people who routinely (routine) ate breakfasts, lunches, and dinners tended to have more success losing weight than people whose eating schedules were irregular. As a bonus, they were also more likely to eat a_larger_quantity_of_fruits_and_vegetables (大量水果和蔬菜)One activity (active) that brought a disaster to people who wanted to lose weight was watching television, particularly if they ate while watching TV especially if they ate while watching TV after 7 pm. People who did these things, including simply watching a lot of television, tended to have a higher body mass index (BMI), as well as a higher intake of fat_and_sugars (脂肪和糖)Those who ate out a lot also tended to take in more fat and sugars, while eating fewer fruits and vegetables. For the purposes of the study, eating away from home was defined not only as eating in restaurants but also eating food provided by an employer or colleagues at work, buying food at convenience stores or gas stations, or buying food for fundraisers.Finally, the best results were achieved by those motivated people who kept writing the track of the_amount_and_type_of_exercise (锻炼的量和类型) they did and how many calories they ate, who planned _meals (meal), and used meal replacements. Those who did these things the most generally lost more weight, ate less fat and sugars, ate more fruits and vegetables, and engaged in more physical_activities (体育活动)So cutting out all those highcalorie snacks will help you lose weight. If so, apparently, will change some of your habits and behavior.片段选词填空treat， swim， clinical， symptom， carry out， human health and wellbeing， the natural setting， water activity， take any drugs， positive emotion)Patients with light or moderate depression can be successfully treated by swimming with dolphins, researchers said on Saturday.The study was carried_out in Honduras, including patients who were thought by the doctors with light of moderate depression coming from the United States and Honduras.For two weeks, half of the group swam with dolphins for an hour a day. At the same time the other half group carried out the same type of water_activities,_but with the absence of dolphins. Researchers want to find out the influence of water and the_natural_setting.All the study volunteers didnt continue to take_any_drugs_ or psychotherapy (心理治疗) at least for weeks before the start of the study and did not take any drugs during the study, said the researchers from the division of clinical Psychiatry at the University of Leicester Medical School.By the end of the study, those people who swam with the dolphins had a greater average reduction in their depressive symptoms than those who did not.The researchers noted that the study supports the theory of biophilia, which thinks that human_health_and_wellbeing depends partly on the human connection with the natural world. The findings appeared in the issue of the British Medical Journal, leading to interactions and positive_emotions that result in psychological treatment.阅读理解A(2019贵阳监测)Ive never been the kind of person to say, “its the thought that counts” when it comes to gifts. That was until a couple of weeks ago, when my kids gave me a present that blew_me_away.For years now, Ive been wanting to sell our home, the place where my husband and I raised our kids. But to me, this house is much more than just a building.In the front room, theres a wall that has hundreds of pencil lines, marking the progress of my childrens growth.Every growth stage is marked in grey, with each childs name and the date when they were measured. Of all the objects and all the memories, its this one thing in a home thats the hardest to leave behind. Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over. A new paint job wouldnt normally be greeted by tears, but erasing that evidence of motherhood hurts more than it should. Our kids grow in so many ways, but the wall is physical evidence of their progress, right there for everyone to see.Over the years, Ive talked about how much I would hate leaving that wall behind when I moved, even though the last marks were made 10 years ago when my kids stopped growing.So one day, while I was at work, my children decided to do something about it.They hired Jacquie Manning, a professional photographer whose work is about capturing (捕捉) the beautiful things in life, from clear lakes and skies to diamonds and ballgowns (晚礼服)She came to our house while I was at work, and over several hours, took photos of the hundreds of drawings and lines, little grey fingerprints (指纹), and old marks. Somehow, she managed to photograph all those years of memories perfectly. Afterwards, she put all the photos together into one image, transforming them into a beautiful history of my family.Three weeks later, my childrens wonderful gift made its way to me a lifesize photo of the pencil lines and fingerprints that represents entire lifetimes of love and growth.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了孩子们送给“我”的一件充满爱意且特别的礼物的事情。1The underlined phrase “blew me away” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_”Aattracted meBsurprised meCaccepted me Drefused me解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Ive never been the kind of person to say, its the thought that counts . when my kids gave me a present”及下文的描述可知，“我”以前不相信送礼物的人的心思最重要，但几个星期前“我”的孩子们送给“我”的礼物让“我”改变了这样的想法，所以此处表示使“我”吃惊。2What does the house really mean to the author?AA house.BA building.CObjects. DMemories.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Of all the objects and all the memories, its this one thing in a home thats the hardest to leave behind”可知，对作者来说这栋房子意味着回忆。3What surprised the friends the author know after work?AFinding the wall repainted.BErasing the fingerprints.CGreeting them by tears.DLeaving the wall unfinished.解析：A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Friends I know have returned home after work only to discover their wall of heights has been freshly painted over” 可知，令朋友们吃惊的是房屋的墙面又被重新粉刷了。4What is the best title for the text?AGift Made with LoveBBuildings Made by ChildrenCA Very Wonderful PaintingDA Family History解析：选A标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段可知，这篇文章主要讲述了孩子们送给“我”的一份用爱制成的礼物的故事，故A项作本文标题最佳。B(2019名校原创预测卷三)Most couples know you should never go to bed on an argument.But anger wont just harm your relationship it could also ruin your sleep, researchers claim. A study has found those who were angry generally, and struggled to keep their temper (脾气), slept worse.They are believed to keep themselves awake by thinking over their disappointment and find it harder to achieve the calmness they need to drop_off.There may even be a physical reason, as feelings of anger increase cardiovascular (心血管的) activity, which makes it harder to go to sleep. Psychologists from Iowa State University based their findings on 436 volunteers whose sleep was monitored after they completed an anger questionnaire.Writing in the Journal of Research in Personality, they state: “These findings add to the growing evidence that being easy to get angry may lead to poor sleep and that anger and sleep are closely connected.”Study participants were asked questions designed to determine if they were quicktempered and became angry easily.They were asked how angrily they would react to specific provocations (挑衅), such as being criticized by others.Finally they were sorted into groups based on how they dealt with anger the “angerin” group, the“angerout” group and the “angercontrol” group.The people who controlled their anger, saying they would “keep my cool” under pressure, got better quality sleep during a week of being tracked.But those who held back their anger, within the “angerin” group, got worse sleep by comparison.The study showed those who did not let their anger out by saying “unpleasant things”， but instead chose to “boil inside” still lost out on sleep.Previous research has suggested that people are angry because they lose out on sleep, which makes it harder to hold back negative feelings and creates a vicious circle.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，生气不仅伤害感情，而且不利于睡眠。5Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined part “drop off” in Paragraph 1?ARelieve anger.BFall asleep.CBehave reasonably. DImprove a relationship.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据上文中的“anger wont just harm your relationship it could also ruin your sleep”、“A study has found those who were angry generally, and struggled to keep their temper (脾气), slept worse”及第二段的第一句话可知，此处内容有关生气使人睡眠不佳；研究发现，人们反复地思考让自己失望的事情会使自己处于清醒的状态，并且更难达到入睡的平静状态。drop off的意思应是“打盹儿，小睡”，与fall asleep的意思相近，故选B。6How did psychologists carry out the research?ABy asking volunteers specific questions.BBy designing interesting group activities.CBy recording volunteers daily behaviour.DBy collecting data from previous studies.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Psychologists from Iowa State University based their findings on 436 volunteers whose sleep was monitored after they completed an anger questionnaire”及第三段中的“Study participants were asked questions designed to determine if they were quicktempered and became angry easily.They were asked how angrily they would react”可知，心理学家通过问志愿者们特定的问题来展开他们的研究。故选A。7What does the study find?ASleep problems can be avoided by controlling anger.BPoor anger control is associated with sleep shortage.CAnger is not necessarily a negative feeling.DAnger can lead to lowquality sleep.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Writing .anger and sleep are closely connected”可知，愤怒可能会导致低质量的睡眠。故选D。8Which would be the best title of the passage?ADealing with anger properly guarantees good sleepBWhen and how people sleep when they are angry?CGoing to bed angry can stop you from sleeping wellDHow are sleep problems and mental disorders linked?解析：选C标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究发现带着怒气睡觉不利于睡眠。故C项作本文标题最佳。C(2019名校原创预测卷一)The way people walk can provide clues about their personality, claims a new study. The study, carried out by researchers at the University of Portsmouth, found that the exaggerated (夸张的) movement of both the upper and lower body indicated aggression. Using motion capture technology, researchers found that movements reveal certain personalities, such as aggression, agreeableness and outgoingness. The technology is widely used to record the movements of an actor, which are then translated to an animated character on screen. Lead researcher Liam Satchell said, “When one is walking, the body naturally swings a little. An aggressive walk is one where this rotation is exaggerated.” The study also found that personalities that help with social skills such as agreeableness and outgoingness were particularly evident in people with increased pelvis (骨盆) movements alone, or “hip sway”“While little swagger (大摇大摆) and little sway in a walk could indicate a person of great creativity，” Mr Satchell told MailOnline. The study assessed the personalities of 29 participants using a standard personality test called the “Big Five”. Participants were also asked to complete a questionnaire that measured their levels of aggression. Motion capture technology was then used to record how they walked on a running machine at their natural speed. While people may be aware that there is a relationship between swagger and psychology, this is the first research to provide evidence based on experiments that links aggression with the way people walk, say the researchers.“We know of no other examples of research where the walk has been shown to have close connection with selfreported measures of personalities and suggest that more research should be conducted between automatic movements and personalities，” said Mr Satchell. “If CCTV observers could be trained to recognize the aggressive walk shown in this research, their ability to recognize crimes likely to happen very soon could be improved further，” said Mr Satchell.The researchers are keen to carry out additional studies and have called more members of the public to get involved.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现：一个人走路的姿势可以表明他的性格。9What can we know about “motion capture technology”？AIt is specially intended for fastmoving objects.BIt helps to improve actors acting techniques.CIt has been widely used in the field of film.DIt is a kind of exaggerated shooting skill.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The technology is widely used to record the movements of an actor, which are then translated to an animated character on screen”可知，动作捕捉技术在电影中应用广泛，该技术用于捕捉演员的动作，然后再转换为电影屏幕上动画人物的动作。10People who walk with less overall movements tend to be _.AaggressiveBcreativeCshy Dhonest解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While little swagger (大摇大摆) and little sway in a walk could indicate a person of great creativity”可知，如果一个人走路时很少大摇大摆，这可能说明这个人有很强的创造力。11What do Mr Satchells words in the last but one paragraph suggest?ATheres a long way to go to carry out such studies.BThe findings will be mainly used to prevent crimes.CThe research result concluded has been put into practice.DNo research proves the relation between aggression and walk now.解析：选A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“We know of . suggest that more research should be conducted between automatic movements and personalities”及最后一段可推知，Satchell先生的话表明在自发运动和性格特征之间的关系上还需要进行更多研究。12What is the suitable title for the passage?AThe effects of personality types on peoples walkBA new way of recognizing crimes by ones walkCHow a persons walk indicates his intentionDWhat ones walk says about his personality解析：选D标题归纳题。文章开头就点明主题“The way people walk can provide clues about their personality, claims a new study.”一项研究显示，走路姿势可以表明一个人的性格，下文均围绕该主题展开，故D项适合作文章标题。.阅读七选五How to Say No RespectfullyLike most people, your natural instinct (本能) is probably to help others when you can. _1_ Whether youre declining an invitation to a party or turning dow