江苏专版2018年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题三阅读理解阅读理解组合练二.docx

阅读理解组合练(二)(限时30分钟)A(2017镇江市高三模拟考试)Raise. meRaise. me is a neutral platform that allows sponsors and colleges to award MicroScholarships to students based on Colleges and/or Sponsors award criteria.By using the services, you should understand the following：Connecting with Users：Educators may only connect with students from the schools or organizations that they serve, and may connect with an individual student only with that students permission. Educators may also connect with colleges and sponsors via the services.Students may only connect with educators from their own schools and organizations, and may connect with an individual educator only with that educators permission.Students may elect to follow sponsors via the services. Sponsors may only view the profiles (简介) of students who elect to follow them.Qualifying for MicroScholarships：Students can earn MicroScholarships based on the courses and achievements they add to their profiles while they are in high school.Students may only be awarded MicroScholarships from colleges and sponsors that they follow before the applicable Colleges and/or Sponsors “Follow Deadline” for their class year, which is a date set by each college and sponsor and stated on such colleges or sponsors page on the services. Once a Colleges or Sponsors Follow Deadline has passed, students who are seniors in high school may not continue to earn MicroScholarships from such college or sponsor.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了美国的创业公司Raise.me通过自身的平台由赞助商和大学向学生提供微型奖学金的服务。1By using the services, both educators and students may _.Aconnect with the schools or organizations at the same timeBget in touch with each other with both sides permissionCconnect with colleges and sponsors at the proper timeDfreely elect sponsors who elect to follow them解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Educators . may connect with an individual student only with that students permission.”和第四段“Students . may connect with an individual educator only with that educators permission.”可知，教师只有经过学生的允许才能跟他取得联系，而学生也只有经过教师的允许才能跟他取得联系。由此可知，教师和学生需经过双方的允许才能彼此联系。故选B项。2What are the qualifications for students to be awarded MicroScholarships?AMaking academic achievements and meeting the “Follow Deadline”BMaking beautiful profiles and completing the required courses.CSetting an accurate date and meeting the “Follow Deadline”DContinuing to contact sponsors and adding an academic achievement. 解析：选A细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Students can earn MicroScholarships based on the courses and achievements .”和第七段第一句中的“Students may only be awarded MicroScholarships .Follow Deadline for their class year”可知，学生们基于课程和成绩可能会获得微型奖学金；在适用的大学和(或)赞助商的“后续截止日期”之前，学生可能会被授予来自大学和赞助商的微型奖学金。由此可知，学业成绩优秀并满足同“后续截止日期”相关的条件的学生有资格被授予微型奖学金。故选A项。B(2017扬州市期末检测)Britains housing crisis has reached a new peak with the average Londoner now needing a massive 14 times their annual salary to afford to buy in the capital. The research shows the crisis isnt limited to London either many other cities, including Cambridge and Oxford, also have doubledigit price to earnings ratios (比率). Across the UK as a whole, people now need on average sixandahalf times their annual salary to buy their own home.As a result of being unable to afford to buy in the southern cities, families are being forced to move out to areas where house prices are lower. But this is putting increasing pressure on prices in cities such as Manchester and Birmingham where house price inflation is set to rocket. “Regional cities have more attractive affordability levels and house prices have a significant potential upside for growth in the near term subject to (受支配) the outlook for the economy，” Richard Donnell from Hometrack said.In a bid to ease the increasing pressure in the Britains housing market, earlier this week Chancellor of the Exchequer Philip Hammond released a new Housing Infrastructure Fund which the government hopes will support the construction of 100,000 new homes in areas which “need them most”. But Donnell said: “These measures focus on the longer term challenges of addressing housing supply and will have limited impact on the current situation of housing affordability, which will be decided by market forces and households expectations for jobs and the cost of borrowing.”While mortgage (抵押贷款) rates are at their lowest ever level, making it cheap to borrow, it seems fewer people are being approved for a loan. Yesterday the British Bankers Association published figures showing that mortgage approvals were 10 per cent down in October from a year earlier. Fewer approvals and the continuing squeeze on affordability are pushing an increasing number of wouldbe homeowners out of the market.Communities Secretary Sajid Javid said: “We have been clear that we need to build a lot more homes if we are to achieve a country that works for everyone. That is why we are announcing the biggest housing investment in a generation to step up house building. With a doubling in capital spending, we are stimulating (刺激) the market needs for a step change in the number of homes being built in the places people want to live.”3What is the present condition of the house price in the UK?APeople in some places need to pay over ten times price to earnings ratios to buy houses.BThe British still feel affordability is under their control despite the price increase.CFacing the price increase, more and more people are rushing to buy houses.DNow people have to pay sixandahalf times the previous house price.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段的“14 times their annual salary”“doubledigit price to earnings ratios (比率)”等数据可知A项正确。4It can be inferred from Richard Donnells words that _.Apeople in regional cities will burden more pressure of moving outBpeople in regional cities would choose to build rockets rather than housesChouse prices in regional cities have the potential for increaseDhouse prices in regional cities will turn economic growth upside down解析：选C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Regional cities have more attractive affordability levels and house prices have a significant potential upside for growth”可知，区域城市的房价有上涨的可能，所以选C。5According to the passage, the effective solution to the housing crisis is _.Ato lower the mortgage ratesBto promote housing constructionCto increase citizens earningsDto move people to regional cities解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段的“build a lot more homes” “announcing the biggest housing investment in a generation to step up house building”和“a step change in the number of homes being built”可以看出，解决住房危机的最有效的方法是“促进住房建设(promote housing construction)”。所以选B。C(2017苏、锡、常、镇四市高三调研)Scientists should be allowed to change a persons DNA in ways that will be passed on to future generations, but only to prevent serious and strongly heritable (遗传) diseases, according to a new report from the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Medicine. However, making changes to these genes in order to improve or change traits such as strength, intelligence or beauty should remain offlimits, the report authors concluded.Changing the socalled germline (种系) is illegal in the United States. It has largely been considered ethically offlimits here as well, at least while bioethicists and scientists considered the unforeseen effects and unexamined moral dilemmas of using new geneediting technologies. However, scientists have moved forward aggressively to explore the possibility of changing disease genes in other adult human cells with a revolutionary technique known as CRISPRCas9. It is widely believed that gene editing of this sort could treat patients with metabolic (新陈代谢的) disorders, certain cancers, and a range of other diseases that arise from genetic mutations (突变) without changing the germline.Last year, Chinese scientists launched a trial that uses CRISPRCas9 in a treatment for lung cancer. While the trials outcome is awaited with high anticipation, scientists outside China have expressed concern that ethical reservations in the United States and Europe will put them at a disadvantage.CRISPRCas9 makes gene editing more straightforward, more precise and far more widespread.As such, the National Academies report acknowledges that changing heritable DNA in eggs, sperm and early embryos is fast becoming “a realistic possibility that deserves serious consideration”The 22member panel of scientists and bioethicists who produced the report completed a comprehensive review of the issues raised by that prospect.Clinical trials involving germline editing should only be pursued to treat diseases that cannot be improved with “reasonable alternatives”， the 22member panel of scientists and bioethicists said. In addition, they added, scientists should convincingly demonstrate they are targeting a gene that either causes or strongly makes a carrier likely to suffer from a serious disease or condition, and that they have weighed the likely risks and benefits of changing that gene.Finally, scientists should conduct longterm followup studies to know how gene editing affects the next generations. Public debate and discussion about the technology should continue, the panel added.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了基因编辑技术新的发展概况以及人们对此的一些担忧。6In what circumstances can scientists change a persons DNA?AMaking a person look much younger.BProtecting future generations from some heritable diseases.CUsing the most advanced geneediting technologies.DChanging the germline for a better function.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“. only to prevent serious and strongly heritable (遗传) diseases”可知，在将防止把严重的、遗传性较强的疾病传给下一代作为出发点的前提下，科学家可以改变一个人的DNA，故B项正确。7What is the advantage of CRISPRCas9?AIt can treat diseases more precisely without changing the germline.BIt can successfully cure people of most deadly diseases.CIt can change genes in adult human cells.DIt can stop genetic mutations.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是最后一句中的“without changing the germline”可知，CRISPRCas9这种基因编辑技术可以在不改变种系的情况下用于治疗疾病；再根据第五段的第一句“CRISPRCas9 makes gene editing more straightforward, more precise and far more widespread.”可知，CRISPRCas9这种基因编辑技术可以更为准确地治疗疾病。综上可知，A项正确。8What possible conclusion can be drawn according to the passage?AFuture generations will live longer and become more intelligent.BChinese scientists created CRISPRCas9 and put it into use.CThe gene editing is strictly forbidden for moral dilemmas.DThe gene editing research is still at the primary stage.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第二段及第五段的内容可知，基因编辑的技术(发展)在很大程度上受到了限制，且改变可遗传的DNA目前只是“一种值得认真考虑的现实可能性”；再结合第六段中的“prospect”、第七段中的“the likely risks and benefits of changing that gene”及最后一段的内容提示可推知，基因编辑的研究仍处于初级阶段，故D项正确。9What does this report mainly talk about?AA new geneediting technology and concerns about it.BA germlineediting technology and approval for it.CClinical trials of gene editing and social values of them.DSome germline clinical trials and scientific effects of them.解析：选A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项名为CRISPRCas9的基因编辑新技术及人们对基因编辑技术的担忧，所以A项最能概括本文大意。D(2017江苏省六市高三联考)About 15 years ago, I taught A Problem from Hell, a book on genocide (大屠杀), to a group of 18 and 19yearolds in a midwest university in the US. In my class there was a young man who had spent his boyhood in Bosnia as NATO bombed his hometown. My other students, amazed by his connection to the genocide in the textbook, asked him what it was like to grow up in a warzone. “A pretty normal childhood as you had here，” he said. “We played cards inside a lot, and when there was no bombing we kicked a ball in the street.”In the past few years, the world has seen a rapid increase in refugees (难民), with the number hitting 60 million. Viet Thanh Nguyens story collection The Refugees reminds us that literature is news that stays news. Set in the Vietnamese communities in California as well as in Vietnam, the stories do not aim to surprise us with new twists or shock us with wonderful details, as war and refugee stories could easily choose to do. Rather, like the young man from Bosnia, Nguyens characters tell these stories because they are the only ones known to them.Included in the collection are two of the most touching pieces, both about siblings (兄弟或姊妹) separated by geography and history. In BlackEyed Women, the narrator (讲述人), a young Vietnamese woman, is visited by the ghost of her elder brother, who died young on the boat when the family took flight from the war. The tale of love and loss, violence and violation, may not be unfamiliar to the reader, but the determination of the brothers ghost (he has taken decades to swim across the Pacific to reach America) and the sisters abandoning herself to a half death make the story lasting.As an echo, the closing story, Fatherland, explores a more complex situation between two siblings. The narrator, a young Vietnamese woman, meets her halfsister, visiting from the US for the first time. Adding to the tension is the fact that her father has named the narrator and her siblings after his first set of children. Two sisters, one American and one Vietnamese, yet named the same by the father it may sound strange, but isnt it the fate many refugees have to face: a life left behind, that could have been theirs; and a life in an adopted country.The theme of doubleness choice and inevitability (不可避免性), home and homelessness, starting afresh and being stuck is present not only in the stories of Vietnamese refugees, but also of those who have become refugees from their own homes and loved ones. “Smiling at your relatives never got you very far, but smiling at strangers and acquaintances sometimes did.”So a pilot, who fought in the Vietnam war and is now revisiting the country for the first time, thinks while waving at the locals from a tour bus. Hes distant from his daughter, just as a Mexican American in the collection is distant from his wife, or a young man from Hong Kong is distant from his father.The collection is full of refugees, whether from external or from a deeper, more internal conflict between even those who are closest to each other. With anger but not despair, with reconciliation (和解) but not unrealistic hope, and with genuine humour that is not used to insult anyone, Nguyen has breathed life into many unforgettable characters. 10The first paragraph is intended to _.Adescribe the boring life of war victimsBappeal to the readers to help war victimsCcriticize NATOs killing of innocent peopleDintroduce the story collection The Refugees