初三英语专项总复习.ppt

语境+语法的分析法 解题策略,针对学生实际的备考方法探讨,近年中考由于强调初高中英语的衔接与过渡，以及主观题的分值增多，考查学生是否能理清句子结构的语法性和句子意义的逻辑性的题目也增多。学生如果要想在考试中能考出高分，应该能清楚掌握以下几个方面: 句子的构成成分（包括句子的基本成分和扩展成分）； 句子成分之间的一致性，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等； 句子的篇章制约; 句子的意义制约； 单词的词形变化。 因此初三教师在平时的英语教学与复习考试中要时时提醒学生注意在英语语境中运用英语语法分析来解题。,考点分析,语境+语法,He is student. He in the classroom study. He by bike to go to school. He is reading under the sun. There are many students study in the classroom. Because he got up late, so he couldnt catch the bus. My hometown happened great changes.,母语影响大 语法观念淡薄,学生的错误现象及分析,根据新课标对中考提出的原则“要注重考查学生综合语言的运用能力”和第二轮复习要有效提高学生专项能力的要求，我认为理清语法规则，梳理一个很清晰的语法知识框架，教给学生在英语语境中灵活运用语法分析英语语言很重要，应视为本轮复习的重点。,语法,词法,句法,语法知识框架,词法,词类,副词,名词,代词,动词,数词,形容词,构词法,名词、冠词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、介词、连词、感叹词,可数名词、不可数名词、名词所有格、名词单复数、专有名词,人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词,基数词、序数词、分数、百分数,比较级、最高级,比较级、最高级,合成法、派生法、转化法、缩写和简写,动词,动词的基本形式,非谓语动词,动词的时态,一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时,动词的语态,主动、被动,动词的种类,系动词、助动词、情态动词、行为动词（及物动词和不及物动词）,句法,句子的种类,句子的成分,句子的类型,直接引语与间接引语,简单句,并列句,主从复合句,六个基本句型,宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句,陈述句（肯定式、否定式）、疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）、祈使句、感叹句,主语、谓语、宾语、（直接宾语、间接宾语）表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语,语境+语法分析法，也可以包括词义+语法分析法、句意+语法分析法，它可以运用于中考题型的词汇、选择题、完形填空、综合填空，任务型阅读、书面表达等。它更适用与英语基础较好的学生，对他们中考冲刺阶段提高英语成绩，考出高分有很大的帮助作用。,用方框中说给单词的适当形式填空。（2010福州市质检试卷） 一、对所给词的词义，词性分析：success 成功 名词 coat 外套 名词 happy快乐的 形容词 introduce 介绍 动词 encourage 鼓励 动词 二、对所给每个句子的语境进行分析： 三、对所给的每个句子进行语法分析： 最后得出相应的答案 例如：76、The boys and girls are playing in the park . 句意分析：男孩与女孩子们正在公园里高兴地玩。 语法分析：playing后应用副词作状语来修饰，happy应变形为happily 77、There is no doubt that we will be in passing the exams. 句意分析：毫无疑问我们将成功的通过考试。 语法分析：句子结构为will be +形容词+in doing sth. 这样success应变为successful 才可作表语。 78.Although I failed four times , my parents me to have a fifth try. 句意分析：虽然我失败了四次，但我的父母亲鼓励我去再尝试一次。 语法分析：my parents +谓语+其他，而本句是although 引导的让步状语从句，时态上要用主过从过，故答案应用encouraged。 79.My old are so short that I want to buy some new ones. 句意分析：我的旧？是如此的短以致我想要买一些新的。 语法分析：My old +名词作主语，又根据主谓一致原则are前面的名词应用复数形式故本题的coat变为coats. 80.Listen ! The tour guide is the history of Three Lanes and Seven Alleys 句意分析：听！导游正在？三坊七巷的历史。 语法分析：Listen 是现在进行时的标志词，后要用现在进行时，所以introduce要变为introducing. 由上分析可知利用语法分析法可让学生避免在许多词形变化上出现的不该的错误。,语境+语法分析法在各大中考题型的运用,success coat happy introduce encourage,help become good fall where do even since that also（综合填空） Japans students are trying a new kind of travel. In the past, students always went to museums. They went by bus. Many students 86_fell_ asleep in the museum. But now students are going to small villages. They explore the great outdoors, and 87_even_ leave the country. Experiential education(体验式教学) is now very popular in North America. It is also 88_becoming_ more and more popular in Japan. Just look at JTB, Japans biggest travel agency (旅行社). It has more than 300 different travel programs for students and schools. More than 300 different travel programs for students and schools . More than 25 schools have joined the programs 89_since_ 2001. 90_Where_ are the students going? They travel to fishing villages in Kyushu, Japanese villages in Hawaii, and farming villages in China. Some even go to English classes in England. Students also enjoy 91_helping_disabled(残疾的) people. They help these people get around. By 92_doing_ so, they learn how to take care of others. Its an experience 93_that_ most students will never forget. Traveling in Japan 94also_ helps the local economy (经济). Fishing and farming villages have a hard time in modern Japan. Now more and more people come to visit these villages. Group of students coming every year might bring people there money and help them live a 95_good_ life. （2010闽侯县中考模拟试卷一）,句意：睡着用fall asleep 语法：前后时态一致用fell,句意：甚至离开本国 语法：充当状语用副词,句意：它也在日本变得越来越受欢迎了 语法：用进行时态，词形变化become变为becoming,句意：自从2001年以来超过25所学校已经加入这个节目 语法：主句用Have+joined是现在完成时结构要与since引导的时间状语连用,句意:学生们去哪里 语法:用疑问词where,句意：学生也喜欢帮助残疾的人 语法：enjoy+doing sth得出help要加ing,句意：通过这样做，他们学会如何照顾别人 语法：by+ doing sth 得出动词do都后加ing,句意：这是一种大多数学生将永远忘不了的经历 语法：an experience是先行词后用that引导的定语从句,句意：在日本旅行也帮助当地的经济 语法：helps前用副词作状语,句意：帮助他们过上好的生活 语法：形容词作定语用good,Long long ago , 106seven colors were arguing about who was he most important .107Color Red said , “I am the ruler of all of you. I represent blood-lifes blood! Without me the world would be empty . “ Orange said ,”I am the color of heath and strength .I am so beautiful that no one can think of any of you .”108Yellow said ,”I bring laughter and warmth into the world. Without me, there would be no fun.” Green said ,”I am the most important .I am the sign of life and hope. Without me, all the animals would die.” Blue said , ”You only think about the earth, but forget the sky and sea . Water is basis of life .Without me. You all would be nothing.” Purple said, “I am the color of royalty, power and wisdom. People usually listen to me . ” Indigo finally said ,”Dont forget me! I am the color of silence. You need me for balance.” Suddenly , it started to rain . The colors were afraid and came close to one another. 109The rain saw this and said ,” You foolish colors, dont quarrel any more . Join hands with one another and come to me .” Doing as they were told , 110the colors united and joined hands. A beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky .The rainbow is a sign of hope for remember .Let us remember today and appreciate one another.,阅读短文，完成下面的句子，每空一词。（2010福州市质检试卷）,一、语境分析：现在原文找出根据句： 106. Seven colors were arguing about who was he most important 107. Color Red said , “I am the ruler of all of you. I represent blood-lifes blood! Without me the world would be empty . 108. Yellow said ,”I bring laughter and warmth into the world. Without me, there would be no fun.” 109. The rain saw this and said ,” You foolish colors, dont quarrel any more . 110. Join hands with one another and come to me .” Let us remember today and appreciate one another. 二、对各句句意与语法进行有效地分析： 106. Of all the colors , Every wanted to be the most one. 107 . Red thought there would be in the world him. 108. thought he himself was the color of and happiness. 109. In the end ， the rain the colors quarrelling. 110 .From the story, we can learn that we should together and and enjoy the good qualities of each other.,1、根据语境的根据句本句应解释为所有七种颜色中，每一种都想要成为最重要的一种 2、语法：Seven可以做定语修饰colors, the most +important 作定语修饰one,1、根据语境的根据句本句应解释为红色认为世界上没有他将会空虚 2、语法：There be+名词或代词作主语，由empty词意想到用nothing, 第二格由直接引语without me 改为间接引语 without him.,1、根据语境的根据句本句应解释为黄色认为他自己快乐与温暖的颜色 2、语法：thought前要用一个充当主句主语的名词用Yellow，and happiness前用一个并列名词而原文根据句warmth也是名词可确定答案。,1、根据语境的根据句本句应解释为最后雨阻止了他们争吵。 2、语法：主语the rain后要用动词作谓语，quarrelling推出前用介词结合根据句意思想到用stop from doing sth.根据原文saw推出stop要用stopped,1、本题应根据文章的寓意结合上下文推出句意。 2、通过句子的成分分析他们都充当谓语要用动词注意should+V原形故填join together and 后的understand则要根据语境加上一定语感才可得出答案吧,实战操练： 1、The river smells terrible. People must dirty things into it. A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing 2、What a day! Its raining again. Im afraid we cant go boating tomorrow. Dont worry . It wont long. drop B. last C. rain D. go 3、Kangkang has made great