高考英语写作技巧.ppt

,Welcome to Mr. Gaos Class,Welcome to Mr. Gaos Class!,2005.4.24,书面表达系列讲练 之 赢取高分策略 华油一中 高敏生,NMET对书面表达的要求,要求考生根据所给情景，用英语写一篇100个单词左右的短文 情景包括目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等；提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等。 本部分满分25/30分，所需时间约为30分钟。,NMET书面表达评分原则,1、先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定档次。,第五档. 2125分 第四档. 1620分 第三档. 1115分,第二档. 610分 第一档. 15分 0分,语言地道，规范,覆盖所有内容要点,2、主要内容： 内容要点； 词汇和语法的数量和准确性； 上下文的连贯； 语言的得体性,应用了较多的语法结构和词汇,有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,3、拼写和标点是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。,4、词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中减去2分。,5、如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。,词汇,句型 （高级）和语法多样化（较复杂）,1.覆盖了所有的要点 2. 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇 3. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑,要点全,连接词,如何算是一篇好文章？,书面表达如何写？,五个步骤,1、审题,题材、人称、时态、要点,2、以词及点：用一两个单词或短语写出每句 话的细节要点。,3、联词成句：用联词成句的方法将上述要点 的词语扩展成句子。,4 联句成文：,注意：,主语和谓语,背景（适当增加时间、地点条件等）,逻辑关系,开头与结尾 语篇衔接,5、检查修改，规范抄写,给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象,整体三部分,Heading 点题；一两个句子；概括性；暗示性 2. Body 中心记述部分；层次分明 3. Ending 小结；呼应主题,词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。,运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉 。,使用恰当连接词，对写一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。,增强书面表达效果的技巧,1. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable. 2.We all think he is a great man. 3.Suddenly I thought out a good idea. 4.The students there neednt pay for their books. 5. As a result the plan was a failure.,The plan turned out to be a failure.,Thanks to the good weather, our journey was comfortable.,一、怎样使用较高级的词汇,We all think highly of him .,A good idea occurred to me.,/ A good idea suddenly struck me.,Books are free for the students there.,6. When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow. 7. She went to Austria in order to study music. 8. When he spoke, he felt more and more excited. 9.In our school, there are twenty-six classrooms. 10.You can find my house easily.,She went to Austria for the purpose of studying music.,At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.,The more he spoke, the more excited he felt.,Our school is made up of twentysix classrooms.,Youll have no trouble finding my house.,丰富的句式：(常用到的句型结构） 利用不同的句型来表达同一个意思， 能增加文章的文采。,1. 感叹句 e.g. How happy I was when I received your letter! What a kind boy he is! How disappointed he was ! 2. 强调句 e.g. It was this young boy that helped the old granny. I do hope you can come if possible.,3、 倒装句 e.g. Only in this way can you solve this problem. There comes the police car. Hardly had they got to the station when they met the young man. 4、 省略句 e.g. They read while walking or riding on a bus. Come to me if necessary. 5、 with短语 e.g. I saw a young lady walking slowly in the street with a handbag in her hand.,6、 定语从句 e.g. In my opinion, cyber cafes should be a place where we can find much useful information. Lets come to the main teaching building, at the back of which stands the school library. 7、 各种名词性从句 e.g. Thats what I should do. We should do a favour to whoever needs help at present.,8、 各种状语从句 e.g. Time passed quickly before we knew it. The moment we reached the farm, we got down to harvesting. So long as we work harder at our lessons, well catch up sooner or later. Do call me before hand so that I can meet you at the airport. They had to wait because the rain was getting more and more heavily.,1 When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.（使用V-ing形式）. 2. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（使用名词性从句） 3. Though Im weak, Ill make the effort. (使用倒装句) 4. He did not know what had happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(使用强调句型) 5. I passed the physics exam because of your help.(用虚拟语气）,On his arriving, please give me an e-mail.,What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.,Practice 怎样使用较丰富的句式,Weak as I am, Ill make the effort.,It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.,I couldnt have passed the physics exam but for your help.,6. She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. (使用过去分词) 7. They sang and laughed as they went back to school.( 使用V-ing形式) 8.I wont believe what he says. （使用状语从句） 9.If you study hard, you will make rapid progress. （用并列句） 10He had no sooner come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad. (使用倒装句),No sooner had he come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad.,Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.,Singing and laughing, they went back to school.,No matter what he says, I wont believe.,Study hard and youll make rapid progress.,高考大纲中常用的连接词 1. 表示递进;在同一话题上补充内容 另外，还有：what is more; besides; also; moreover; in addition 2. 表示转折关系 但是， 然而， 相反：but; however; yet; instead; on the other hand; on the contrary.,3. 表示因果关系 因为，因此，所以: since; as; because (of ); so; thus; therefore; as a result; 4. 表示条件关系 如果，只要: if ;on condition ( that ); as long as 除非: unless 否则: or else,5. 表示时间关系 当 的时候 : when ; while 在之后: after 在之前: before 直到: until 一就 : as soon as 后来， 然后: later; afterwards 不久: soon 近来: lately; recently 自从 :since 从那时起: from then on,6. 表示特定的顺序关系 首先， 最主要的: above all 其次: secondly 然后: then; next 最后: finally; in the end 7. 换一种方法表述 换句话说: in other words; that is to say;,8. 进行举例说明 例如，比如: for instance; for example; like; such as 9. 用于陈述事实 实际上: in fact; actually; as a matter of fact 跟你说实话 : to tell you the truth,10. 对一个话题进行总结 总而言之，总的来说: on the whole; in short; all in all; in general; in a word 其它常用到的副词 Therefore ; otherwise ; finally ; furthermore ;Thus ; namely ; although ; afterwards ; personally;,On one side of the road there is a new classroom building.On the other side,where the playground used to be now stands another new buildingour library. (NMET1999 范文),As far as I know, everyone is happy about this new arrangement of things.(NMET2001 范文),Whats more, I can go to bed earlier. (NMET2001 范文),三、怎样使用恰当的连接词,Practice 1 请在下列句子中（间）填上恰当的关联词或意思有联系的短语。 Xiao Ming was walking in the street _ he heard someone cry for help. 2. He advised that I hire a car _ I could travel around in the west . 3. It was not long _ the police came . _he heard the cry for help, he jumped into the water to save the girl.,when,in order that,before,As soon as,5. Do you agree with my arrangement ? _ , do write to me soon. 6. We can go downtown and do some shopping. _, we can pay a visit to some places of interest. I shared the cost of the gas with my friends ._, I saved $80. 8. Eating sugar is bad for our teeth. _ , it may make us fat.,If not/so,In addition,As a result,Whats worse,Practice 书面表达：,Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school !, This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people.,It used to be very poor., However,it has changed a lot since 1978 ,and has been developing very fast.,People here live a much better life than before .,书面表达：,Now it is taking,on a new look.,In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to school. ,But now it has been rebuilt and, which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village.,All the school-age children can study here., Whats more,they enjoy free education., May you enjoy your stay here,the newly built teaching building,/ May you have a pleasant time here!,Thank you.,Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school ! This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before . Now it is taking on a new look. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to school. But now it has been rebuilt and the newly built teaching building which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. Whats more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay here / May you have a pleasant time here! Thank you.,2001年春季高考作文 给澳大利亚的朋友写一封信，谈谈减负给学生的学习和生活带来的变化。 I will tell you the changes of my life. Before, we had many classes every day. I had to do a lot of homework after school. I went to bed at 11:30 in the evening. I had no time to play. I was very tired. Now I can visit museums. I can learn computer and drawing. In the evening, I can read books and newspapers and watch TV. I go to bed at 10:00 now.,17分,高考满分作文 Im very pleased to tell you the changes in my life since our homework has reduced. Before that, learning during the day was very simple. Having class and doing homework was the only thing we should do. In the evening, we also had a lot of homework to do. We could not go to bed until 11:30. Nevertheless, since reducing the learning load, my life has become much more interesting. I often visit museums and computer rooms and draw pictures in my spare time. In the evening, I also have time to watch TV and read newspapers. I no longer stay up late; on the contrary, I go to bed at about 10 pm. In short, I am quite satisfied with my life now.,书面表达常用语句,书信 Thanks for your last letter. I am writing just to inform you In reply to your last letter, I am writing to explain the two questions as follows: ,开 头,Looking forward to your reply/hearing from you! Thanks for your consideration. Do remember me to your parents!,结 尾,2. 叙事 It is quite obvious/clear that ( 很显然) There is no doubt that (毫无疑问) Take as an example. (以为例） On one hand, on the other hand (一方面，另一方面) Only in this way shall we (只有这样我们才能) As far asis concerned, I prefer(就而言，我更) Measures/Action should be taken to(必须采取措施去) For the reasons given above, I feel that(鉴于以上原因，我觉得 What these people fail to consider is that(这些人没有想到的是) Undoubtedly there is a long way to go before(毫无疑问要 还有很长的路要走）,Therefore, I strongly recommend that (因此， 我强烈建议 All the facts show that（所有的事实显示) I like not only because but also because(我喜欢 不仅因为而且因为) I am writing to you to inquire about(我写信给你想询问) I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at(我给你 写信表示我对的不满） I apologize to you for(我为向你道歉） I am grateful to you for(我为向你表示感谢） Mr. Green, my best friend, is teaching Mr. Green, a favorite teacher from the USA, is teaching,信头,信内地址、姓名,称呼,正 文,结束语,签名,附言、附件,（Enc:/Encl:),Letter writing,A Letter,Nov 5, 2001 Wuzheng Middle School Zhejiang P.R.C.,Jack Tongxiang High School,Dear Mary,Body,Yours, Jack,亲人、家属：Yours lovingly ; Yours affectionately 朋友、平辈：Sincerely yours Yours sincerely 上级、长者：Yours respectfully Respectfully yours 单位、部门：Yours sincerely Yours faithfully,结束语Closing,信封正面,发信人姓名 发信人地址,收信人姓名 收信人地址,信封背面,发信人姓名 发信人地址,June 5th , 2000 Dear Mr. Zhao, I am sorry that I am unable to attend school during the following week because of the Sports Meet. The school expects me to play an important part in it . And I will be back to class in a week . I hope you will excuse my absence .(in fact , I take a French leave) Yours respectfully Charles Encl: the PE Teachers certificate (证明）,便 条（病/事假条）,（NOTICE/ANNOUNCEMENT),口头通知： Ladies and Gentlemen, May I have you attention please? 正 文 书面通知： NOTICE In celebration of M