高考英语语法精讲精练专题六连词.docx

语法专题六：连词连词是一种虚词，不能担任句子成分。连词是高考必考考点。连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。连词在2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲附录语法项目表中列为必考项。2015年高考全国卷第73题（短文改错）考查了连词or变为and； 连词并列连词表示平行或对等关系and，or， neithernor ，not onlybut also，bothand.，as well as表示转折关系but，yet，while，however表示选择关系or，otherwise，not.but，either.or.表示因果关系so，therefore从属连词引导宾语从句that，if，whether引导时间状语从句when，while，as，after，before，until/till，since，assoonas引导原因状语从句because，since，as引导条件状语从句if，unless，once引导目的状语从句so,sothat，inorderthat引导让步状语从句although，though，evenif，eventhough引导地点状语从句where，wherever引导比较状语从句than，as引导方式状语从句as，asif，asthough 引导结果状语从句so，sothat，so.that.，such.that.2016年高考全国卷第65题（语法填空）考查了连词when；第72题（短文改错）考查了连词though与but不能连用，须去掉but；第76题（短文改错）考查了连词or变为and。2017年高考全国卷第73题（短文改错）考查了连词so变为but或yet。 I.连词分类及作用II.常用连词用法解析 一：并列连词 1表示平行或对等关系。 and和；or或者；both.and.两者都；neither.nor.既不.也不.；notonly.but(also).不但.而且.；aswellas也Theyaresinginganddancingintheclassroom.Myfatherneversmokesordrinks.Notonlyyoubutalsoshehastocleantheclassroom.Jackaswellashissisterslikestoplaythepiano. 2表示转折关系。 but但是；however 然而（其后通常加逗号）；yet然而；while然而；while而，常用来表示前后鲜明的对比Shehasntgotacomputer,butherbrotherhas.Itwillbesunnybutcold.Somepeoplelovepets,whileothershatethem.Theseapplesdontlooknice,yetlotsofpeoplebuythem. 3表示选择关系。 or或者；否则not.but.不是.而是.；either.or.或者.或者.连接两个主语时，谓语动词应当与or后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 在并列的否定句中，用or代替and构成完全否定，如果所连接的两部分都有否定词，用and而不用or连接。Dontridesofastoryoullgethurt.EitherheorIamgoingtothemovie. 4. 表示因果关系。 for因为so因此，所以Thedaysareshort,foritisNovembernow.IfeltverytiredsoIwenttobedearly. 二：从属连词 1. 引导宾语从句的从属连词。主要有that(无词义，可省略)，if和whether。whether可与ornot连用，在句中不作成分，在ask，wonder，notknow,wanttoknow，notbesure等后常用whether或if从句，而不用that从句。TheforeigneraskedmeifIcouldspeakEnglish. 2引导时间状语从句的从属连词。主要有when，while，as，after，before，until/till，since，assoonas等。Iarrivedattheairportaftertheplanehadtakenoff.Theboylefttheclassroombeforetheteachercamein.HowlongisitsinceyoumovedtoBeijing? 3. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词。主要有because，since，as等。Sheisntgoingwithusbecauseshehasabadheadache.Sinceyouarebusy,Ihavetogotherealone. 4引导条件状语从句的从属连词。主要有if，unless，once等。当从句中需用一般将来时的时候，总是用一般现在时去代替。Thesportsmeetingwillcontinueunlessitrainsthisafternoon.If(itis)necessary,callmeatonce.Youllfailthetestunlessyouworkharder. 5引导目的状语从句的从属连词。主要有so,sothat，inorderthat等。Giveheramapsoshewontgetlost.Readloudlysothatwecanhearyouclearly. 6引导让步状语从句的从属连词。主要有evenif，eventhough，(although)though等。but和(although)though不能同时出现在一个句子中。although比though更正式。Thestoryishardtounderstandthoughtherearenonewwordsinit.Althougheveryonetriedhisbest,welostthematch. 7引导地点状语从句的从属连词。主要有wherewherever。Pleasestaywhereyouare.Illbethinkingofyouwhereveryouare. 8引导比较状语从句的从属连词。主要有than，as等，在as(so).as中，后一个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。Doyouthinkthatartisasinterestingasmusic?Shedoesntstudyashardasherbrother.MysisterdancesbetterthanI. 9引导方式状语从句的从属连词。主要有as，asif，asthough。Thelittleboydoesashisfathertellshim.Sheremembersthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday. 10引导结果状语从句的从属连词。主要有so，sothat，so.that.，such.that.等。Themountainwassosteepthatfewpeoplereachedthetop. 三：易混连词 1. when，while，as 三者均可译为“在.时候”。when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生；while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生；as表示随着短暂动作的发生，另一行为伴随发生。Hewasridingtoschoolwhenhewashitbyacarthismorning.Youdbetterturnoffthewaterwhileyoubrushyourteeth.Shesangasshewalked. 2so.that.，such.that.so形容词a/an可数名词的单数that从句；somany/much/few/little名词that从句；sucha/an形容词可数名词单数that从句；such形容词不可数名词/可数名词复数that从句。Sheissobeautifulagirlthatwealllikeher.Sheissuchagoodgirlthatwealllikeher.Therearesomanystudentsontheplayground. III.高考英语短文改错及语法填空考点分析及训练连词 考点规律分析:短文改错对并列连词的考查主要涉及and, but, or, so 等几个表示并列、转折、选择、因果等关系的词语。严格说来，这类错误主要属于行文逻辑的错误。语法填空主要涉及连词的选择。 连词单句改错之真题训练：1. We tried to fix it and there was nothing we could do. 2. I told Mother, Father, Sister, all my friends here what a great time I had. 3.It is a very important exam but I cant afford to fail it. 4. She was smiling but nodding at me. 5. It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. 6. The food was expensive and the service was good. 7. Im the captain of our school team so with my fellow players weve won several games. 8.My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes.9.So once youve started collecting seriously, you 10. Clever as she is, but she works very hard. 11. I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up. 连词单句改错之模拟训练：1. Do you want a bath at once, and shall I have mine first?2.Are you going to clean your car before and after supper?3. Hurry up, and youll be late for school.4. She never said she was rich, and she was.5. Mr Smith worked very hard so without any success.6. Everyone asked me to go, but I went. 连词单句改错之提升训练：1. It didnt matter that I would win the match or not.2. That he is looking for is a dictionary.3. Many people can quickly get help from a doctor since they are ill.4. If you can pass the test is up to you.5. If we will hold the party in the open air depends on the weather.6. I live in Beijing, where has a long history.7. We still dont know if or not they have arrived at Shanghai.8. It is the tallest tower which can be seen far away.9. The person about who we just talked is my maths teacher.10. Yesterday we were having our dinner while the telephone rang.11. But, there are still some people have not enough to feed on.12. It is said, he has left for Germany.13. I doubt that he is a spy.14. I dont doubt whether you have told the truth.15. He has no money and he has much knowledge.参考答案及解析连词单句改错之真题训练：1.and 改为 but，因此处语意转折2.all 前加 and，表示并列关系3.but 改为 and / so，此处表因果关系，并非转折关系4.but 改为 and，因此处并无转折之意5.and 改为 or，a visitor 和 a guest 应是选择关系，意思是“好像我的父母亲把我当作一个来访者或一个客人”6.and 改为 but，此处意义发生转折7.so 改为 and，表并列关系8.but 改为and，此处表示并列，而不是转折9.So 改为 But，因为前后是转折关系10.去掉but，因前面已有引导让步状语从句的连词 as(=though 虽然)，千万不要受汉语句式“虽然但是”的影响，而重复用连词11.but 改为and，因为 teach / play 与 watch 是并列关系，而不是转折关系连词单句改错之模拟训练：【参考答案】1. and 改为 or，or 在此表选择。2. and 改为 or，or 在此表选择。3. and 改为 or，or 在此表示“要不然”、“否则”。4. and 改为