2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练Unit1Greatscientists课时作业（一）（含解析）.docx

Section The Language Points of Reading课时作业(一)对应学生用书P3.完形填空2017北京高考Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man _1_ out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very _2_. She couldnt understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could _3_， but, of course, there is not a lot one fiveyearold can do to solve (解决) the problem of homelessness.Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, _4_ an old shopping trolley (购物车) which was piled with _5_. It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more _6_ to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people _7_ they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldnt _8_ as bad.Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to _9_ her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to _10_ “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to _11_ to the cause. She also organized a fundraising (募捐) drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyones spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another _12_ called National Red Scarf Daya day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canadas _13_ and homeless.There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannahs Place”， something that Hannah is very _14_ of. Hannahs Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that _15_ outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of _16_. For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the _17_ of young people to change the world. But _18_ all this, Hannah still has the _19_ life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a _20_ in the world. You can, too!篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位心地善良的小女孩，在两次目睹了无家可归的流浪者的悲惨生活后，竭尽所能地帮助无家可归者。在自己的努力和影响下，她让更多的人参与了进来。1A.jumping BeatingCcrying Dwaving答案：B根据后面的“the man was homeless and hungry”可知，那个人无家可归，并且很饿，所以他应该是从垃圾桶里找东西吃(eating)。2A.annoyed BnervousCashamed Dupset答案：D根据后面的“She couldnt understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.”可知，她不能理解为什么一些人没有庇护之所，没有足够的食物，这让她很难过(upset)。第二段最后一句出现的sad是近义词复现，也可由此印证答案。3A.behave BmanageChelp Dwork答案：C根据后面的“there is not a lot one fiveyearold can do to solve (解决) the problem of homelessness”可知，Hannah想尽一己之力帮助(help)无家可归者，不过一个5岁的女孩毕竟能力有限，可做的事情不多。4A.pushing BcarryingCbuying Dholding答案：A根据后面的“an old shopping trolley(购物车)”可知，她碰到的那个妇女推着(pushing)一辆旧的购物车。5A.goods BbottlesCfoods Dbags答案：D根据后面的“It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them.”可知，them指代该空所填词，表示那个妇女所有的家当好像都在其中，所以购物车里应该堆满了袋子(bags)。6A.excited BdeterminedCenergetic Dgrateful答案：B根据第一段的内容可知，Hannah在5岁时就想帮助无家可归者，根据第三、四段的内容可知，Hannah做了一些事情来帮助他们，所以此处表示，看到这个无家可归的妇女生活上的窘迫，她很伤心，这更坚定了(determined)她要做点儿事情的决心。7A.since BunlessCalthough Das答案：A根据第一段的内容“She asked her mother why he did that .”可知，自从(since)她们第一次碰到那个无家可归的人，Hannah就和她的妈妈一直讨论他们的生活。since “自以来”，引导时间状语从句。8A.sound BgetCfeel Dlook答案：C根据空格前的“Her mother told her . made her sad”可知，她的妈妈告诉她，如果她能做点儿什么来改变这个问题，那么她就不会感觉(feel)这么糟糕了。9A.exchange BleaveCkeep Dspread答案：D根据此段第一句中的“began to speak out”可知，Hannah开始在公开场合做些关于无家可归现象的演讲，想呼吁人们关注无家可归者。她希望把希望传播(spread)下去，并提升人们的意识。10A.sell BdeliverChost Dpack答案：C根据此空句子的后半句可知，她会在午餐期间尽力说服当地的商界领袖为这一事业做出贡献，所以Hannah是主办(host)了“大老板”午餐，这是她组织的一种活动。11A.contribute BleadCapply Dagree答案：AHannah举办“大老板”午餐活动，是为了让他们为这一事业做出贡献(contribute)。contribute to “为做贡献，捐助，捐赠”。12A.campaign BtripCprocedure Dtrial答案：A空格前的“another”提示，前面已经出现过一个同类型的名词，而前文提到的与募捐有关的活动，是一个零钱月(“Make Change” month)，因而another后面是另一个活动(campaign)National Red Scarf Day，人们在当天捐献20美元来帮助加拿大的无家可归者。13A.elderly BhungryClonely Dsick答案：B第一段中提到了“the man was homeless and hungry”，和本空相对应，是原词复现。14A.aware BafraidCproud Dsure答案：C根据下文的描述，Hannahs Place分布在好几个区，为流浪者提供了栖身之处，所以Hannah已经给很多流浪者提供了帮助，这是让她感到骄傲的(proud)事。15A.going BsleepingCtravelling Dplaying答案：B由空格前面的关键信息“providing shelter”可知，Hannah给流浪者提供了栖身之处，让他们在严寒的天气有地方可住。在寒冷的天气，睡(sleeping)在户外就可能死亡。16A.praises BinvitationsCreplies Dappointments答案：A根据本段中的“she received the 2007 BRICK Award”可判断，她因自己的善行获得了很多赞扬(praises)。17A.needs BinterestsCdreams Defforts答案：DHannah 2007年获得的这个奖项是对年轻人为改变世界所做出努力(effort)的认可。18A.for BthroughCbesides Dalong答案：B经历了这一切，Hannah依然过着正常的校园生活。through “通过，经过”。19A.healthy BpublicCnormal Dtough答案：C根据上下文可知，在做慈善的过程中，她依旧过着普通(normal)校园女孩的生活，和其他女孩并无区别，只是常常要去探望无家可归的人。20A.choice BprofitCjudgement Ddifference答案：D根据上文内容可知，Hannah是通过自己的努力改变世界的年轻人之一。make a difference “有作用，有影响”，符合语境。.阅读理解AThomas Edison was one of ten said to be the greatest genius of his age. There are only a few men in all of the history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be happy only because someone said he was a genius. “There is no such thing as genius，” Edison said. He said that what people called genius was mostly hard work.But Edison was a dreamer as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature, he often said, is full of secrets. He tried to understand them; then, he tried to learn what could usefully be done with them.Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people will do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking can give men enjoyment and pleasure.Edison could not understand how anyone could be uninterested in life. As he loved to think, he also loved to work. On the day he became 75 years old, someone asked him what ideas he had about life. “Work，” he answered. “Discovering the secrets of nature and using them to make men happier.” He said he had enough inventions in his mind to give him another 100 years of work.1Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?AEdison invented the electric light.BMany other people have changed Edisons life.CEdison has changed the lives of many other people.DFew men in history can change other peoples life.答案：B细节理解题。B项原文没提到。根据第一段第二句可知，其他三项的叙述是正确的。2In Edisons opinion, _.Athinking can give people enjoyment and pleasureBpeoples success lies mostly in geniusChard work is the second important thing in making people successfulDthere are few secrets for him to discover later答案：A细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知A项正确。其他三项原文没提到。3The last sentence in the passage most probably implies _.Alife is too short for Edison to invent more for human beingsBEdison made 100 inventions in his lifeCEdison was able to live and work for 100 yearsDpeople of his time thought highly of Edisons work答案：A推理判断题。文章最后一句暗示出，爱迪生觉得他有很多要发明的东西，对此而言，生命却很短暂。故选A项。BIt is such a common occurrence that no one ever wonders from where it came. But the telephone has a fascinating story behind it. It is the story of Alexander Graham Bell.He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in 1847. The son of a man who was bitten_by the workings of the human voice, how it is produced and used, and especially teaching the deaf how to use it, young Alexander Graham Bell grew up with his fathers such strong feelings.In 1870, because of poor health, he migrated to Canada. It was not long before his success in teaching the deaf to speak brought him to the attention of a wealthy merchant in Boston who wanted Bell to help her daughter, Mabel. Finally, Mr Bell and Mabel fell in love. It was she who inspired him to develop the then remarkable instrument that transformed speech into electrical impulses (脉冲) that could then be changed back into human speech at the end of a wire. In 1877, he and Mabel were married. He later became an American citizen.Alexander Graham Bell was showered with the praise of the world. Honors came to him from all the points of the compass. He went on to other discoveries, many of them. But in his own view, he was most proud of his efforts to help the deaf. So, when the government of France awarded him the Volta Prize for inventing the telephone, he combined this monetary award with the money he made from selling the patent on another invention to establish the Volta Bureau in Washington, DC. Its purpose was to fund research on deafness. Today, it is called the Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing. Its role has been changed to providing the latest information for the deaf of the world on how best to deal with their disability.4Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “bitten by”？AFed up with. BFamiliar with.CIn harmony with. DEnthusiastic about.答案：D词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的“the workings of the human voice, how it is produced and used, and especially teaching the deaf how to use it, young Alexander Graham Bell grew up with his fathers such strong feelings”可知，Bell伴着父亲的这种强烈的感情长大，再根据第三段中提到的Bell教聋人说话可知，Bell的父亲应是热衷于研究人类的声音。故D项“对感兴趣，热衷于”与画线部分意义相近。5What does the author say about Bell?AHe married a deaf woman.BHe taught the deaf to use telephones.CHe was funded by a merchant.DHe was inspired by his father to invent telephones.答案：A推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“his success in teaching the deaf to speak brought him to the attention of a wealthy merchant in Boston who wanted Bell to help her daughter, Mabel”可知，Bell在教聋人说话方面的成功引起了一名波士顿富商的注意，他想请Bell帮助他的女儿Mabel，由此可推知，Mabel也是一名聋人。再根据第三段倒数第二句可知，Bell和Mabel结婚了，因此A项“Bell娶了一名聋人”正确。6What may the paragraph that follows be about?AThe development of the Association.BExamples of Bells other inventions.CSomething about his family.DBells death and his influence.答案：D推理判断题。第四段已经简单介绍了the Association 的前身和现在的作用，因此下一段不会再介绍它的发展了；第四段中提到Bell有多项发明，并且提到他出售别的发明，因此下一段也不会介绍他的其他发明；第二段和第三段已经提到了Bell的父亲和妻子了，因此下一段不会再介绍他的家人。本文简要介绍了Bell的生平和成就，因此下一段很可能会提到Bell的逝世和他的影响。.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2017全国卷If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, illcooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me._1_The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. _2_ We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another funfilled holiday in the wilderness. _3_ Instead, we had a popup camper