初中英语语法系列---否定句疑问句.ppt

,Good morning!,肯定句,否定句,句型第一讲： 否定句 疑问句,句型分类,陈述句,肯定句,否定句,疑问句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,一.肯定句变否定句,1) I am a student. I am not a student. 2) They are blue . They arent blue. 3) He is Kangkang. He isnt Kangkang .,1. 句子中有be等助动词时，在助动词后加not。,2. 谓语是动词原形，在动词前加dont。,1) I have a book . I dont have a book. 2) They like Chinese . They dont like Chinese. 3) We come from China. We dont come from China.,3。谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加doesnt，动词用原形。,1)She has a small mouth. She doesnt have a small mouth. 2)Maria likes China. Maria doesnt like China. 3)Jane comes from the U.S.A. Jane doesnt come from the U.S.A.,练习：将下列句子变成否定句。,1. I am a teacher. I a teacher. 2. We are students. We students. 3. Jane is a girl. Jane a girl. 4. They like English. They like Chinese 5. I come from China. I come from China. 6. He likes Chinese. He like Chinese. 7. Maria comes from Cuba. Maria come from Cuba. 8. We know Maria. We know Maria.,am,not,arent,isnt,dont,dont,doesnt,doesnt,dont,二.肯定句变一般疑问句,1. 1) I am a student. Are you a student? 2) They are blue. Are they blue? 3) He is Kangkang. Is he Kangkang?,句子中有be，把be提到句首,2.谓语是动词原形，在句首加do。,1) I have a book . Do you have a book? 2) They like Chinese . Do they like Chinese? 3) We come from China. Do you come from China?,3.谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加Does，动词用原形。,1) She has a small mouth. Does she have a small mouth? 2) Maria likes China. Does Maria like China? 3) Jane comes from the U.S.A. Does Jane come from the U.S.A? 4) She knows Maria. Does she know Maria?,练习:将下列句子变成一般疑问句。,1. I am a teacher. a teacher? 2. They are students. Students? 3. Jane is a girl. a girl? 4. They like English. they like English? 5. I come from China. you come from China? 6. He likes Chinese. he Chinese? 7. Maria comes from Cuba. Maria from Cuba? 8.We speak Chinese. you Chinese?,Are,you,Are,they,Is,Jane,Do,Do,Does,like,Does,come,Do,speak,三.一般疑问句做肯定,否定回答,Are you Maria ?,肯定回答： Yes , 主+助/系.,否定回答: No, 主+助/系+not.,肯定回答：Yes , I am.,否定回答：No,Im not.,2.问句和答语的助动词保持一致. 1) Are you a student? 肯: Yes, I am. 否： No, Im not. 2) Is he Kangkang? 肯：Yes，he is. 否：No，he isnt. 3) Do they like Chinese? 肯：Yes, they do.否：No , they dont. 4) Does she have a small mouth? 肯：Yes, she does.否：No, she doesnt.,3.问句和答语中的主语保持一致。（必须用主格）,1) Is Jane from the U.S.A? 2) Does Kangkang come from China? 3) Do Jane and Maria like China? 4) Is this a ruler?,肯:Yes, she is.,否:No， she isnt.,肯:Yes, he does.,否:No, he doesnt.,肯:Yes, they do.,否:No, they dont.,肯:Yes, it is .,否：No，it isnt.,5) Is that a desk? 6) Are these books? 7) Are those pencils? 8) Are these erasers? 9) Is that an orange?,肯：Yes，it is.,否：No，it isnt.,肯：Yes，they are.,否：No，they arent.,肯：Yes，they are.,否：No，they arent.,肯：Yes , they are.,否：No，they arent.,肯：Yes , it is .,否：No，it isnt.,练习：给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。,1.Are you a student? Yes, . No, . 2. Do they like English? Yes, . No, . 3.Is Jane a girl? Yes, . No, . 4. Does Maria like China? Yes, . No, .,I,am,Im,they,not,they,do,dont,she,is,she,isnt,she,does,she,doesnt,he,5.Is Kangkang a student? Yes , . No , . 6.Is that a girl? Yes , . No , . 7.Are those telephones? Yes , . No , . 8.Does Tom know Jane? Yes , . No , . 9.Do they come from the U.S.A? Yes , . No , . 10.Is this an egg? Yes , . No , .,is,he,isnt,it,is,it,isnt,they,are,they,arent,he,does,he,doesnt,they,do,they,dont,it,is,it,isnt,四.对划线部分提问.,将划线部分去掉,分析句意. 1.My name is Nancy. your name? 2.I am from China. are you from? 3.I am fine . are you? 4. Miss.Wang is our English teacher. is your English teacher? 5.Lucy is ten years old. are you? 6.He is in Class One Grade Two. is he in?,Whats,Where,How,Who,How,old,What,class,7.My telephone number is 5805000. your telephone number? 8.They are cars. are these ? 9.This is my cap. cap is this? 10.My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee. is your favorite movie star ? 11.It is yellow . is it？ 12.She is tall. What does she ?,What,is,What,Whose,Who,What,color,look,like,五.同义句转换.,1.Please give Jane the book. Please the book Jane. 2. Could you please tell me your name? Could you please your name me? 3. He has short hair. is short. 4. I have a big nose. is big. 5. You have a wide mouth. is wide.,give,to,tell,to,His,hair,My,nose,Your,mouth,6.My English teacher is old . My English teacher is not . 7. Betty is not short. Betty is . 8.This is my book. This is . 9.This jacket is not new. This jacket is . 10.My ruler is not long. My ruler is . 11.She looks like her mom. She and her mom look . 12.They come from China. They China.,young,tall,mine,old,short,the,same,are,from,六.单复数转换.,1.将下列句子变成复数. It is a box . boxes . This is a ruler. rulers. That is an eraser. erasers. He is a student. students. This is a bus. . That is a pen. .,They,are,These,are,Those,are,They,are,These,are,buses,Those,are,pens,2.将下列句子变成单数。,1.They are pencils. a pencil. 2.These are erasers. an eraser. 3.They are boys. a boy. 4. They are girls . a girl. 5.Those are books. a book. 6.These are desks. a desk. 7.These are boxes. a . 8.Those are cars. a .,It,is,This,is,He,is,She,is,That,is,This,is,This,is,box,That,is,car,句型转换专项练习,一、将下列句子改为复数形式： 1.There is a knife in the box. There _ _ _ in the box. 2.Shes a woman doctor. Theyre _ _. 3.Our teacher often tells us a story. Our _ often _ us _. 4.The sheep is over there. The _ _ over there. 5.Please pass me a piece of bread. Please pass me some _ of _.,are,some,knives,women,doctors,teachers,tell,stories,sheep,are,pieces,bread,二、下列句子改为否定句： 1.He does some reading every day. He_ _ _ reading every day. 2.I have to wash the dishes. I _ _ _wash the dishes. 3.Tell him the news. _ _ him the news. 4.She has brothers and sisters. She has_ brothers _ sisters. 5.I think she is right. I _ _she _ right,二、下列句子改为否定句： 1.He does some reading every day. He_ _ _ reading every day. 2.I have to wash the dishes. I _ _ _wash the dishes. 3.Tell him the news. _ _ him the news. 4.She has brothers and sisters. She has_ brothers _ sisters. 5.I think she is right. I _ _she _ right,doesnt,do,any,dont,have,to,Dont,tell,no,or,dont,think,is,三、下列句子改为一般疑问句： 1.There is some fruit juice in the glass. _ _ _ fruit juice in the glass? 2.He has to stay here. _ he _ to stay there? 3. We do eye exercises every day. _ you _ eye exercises every day? 4. She has something to eat. _ she _ _ to eat? 5.I am good at singing and dancing. _ you good at singing _ dancing?,三、下列句子改为一般疑问句： 1.There is some fruit juice in the glass. _ _ _ fruit juice in the glass? 2.He has to stay here. _ he _ to stay there? 3. We do eye exercises every day. _ you _ eye exercises every day? 4. She has something to eat. _ she _ _ to eat? 5.I am good at singing and dancing. _ you good at singing _ dancing?,Is,there,any,Does,have,Do,do,Does,have,anything,Are,and,四、对划线部分提问： 1.My mother goes to work by bike. _ _ your mother _ to work? 2.That is a map of France. _ map is that? 3.The bag of rice is ten kilos. _ _ _ the bag of rice? 4. I think Chinese food is very nice. _ do you _ _ Chinese food? 5.The students like their teacher very much. _ do the students_ their teacher?,四、对划线部分提问： 1.My mother goes to work by bike. _ _ your mother _ to work? 2.That is a map of France. _ map is that? 3.The bag of rice is ten kilos. _ _ _ the bag of rice? 4. I think Chinese food is very nice. _ do you _ _ Chinese food? 5.The students like their teacher very much. _ do the students_ their teacher?,How,does,go,What,How,heavy,is,What,think,of,How,like,6.His house is very big. _ _ his house _? 7.There are six kites in the sky. _ in the sky? 8.He lives in Room 306. _ _ _ he _ in? 9.She looks worried because she cant find her dog. _ _ she _ worried? 10.It takes him half an hour to write the e-mail. _ _ _ it _ him to write the e-mail?,6.His house is very big. _ _ his house _? 7.There are six kites in the sky. _ in the sky? 8.He lives in Room 306. _ _ _ he _ in? 9.She looks worried because she cant find her dog. _ _ she _ worried? 10.It takes him half an hour to write the e-mail. _ _ _ it _ him to write the e-mail?,What,is,like,Whats,Which,room,does,live,Why,does,look,How,long,does,take,11.Classes begin at eight. _ _ _classes _? 12.I want to buy three kilos of meat. _ _ _ do you want to buy? 13.His uncle is a businessman. _ _ his uncle _? 14.The orange dress is Kates. _ _ is Kates? 15.Its Sunday today. _ _ is it today?,11.Classes begin at eight. _ _ _classes _? 12.I want to buy three kilos of meat. _ _ _ do you want to buy? 13.His uncle is a businessman. _ _ his uncle _? 14.The orange dress is Kates. _ _ is Kates? 15.Its Sunday today. _ _ is it today?,What,time,do,begin,How,much,meat,What,does,do,Which,dress,What,day,16.The cats are running up the tree. _ are the cats _? 17.Jims plane is broken. _ _ _ Jims plane? 18.He would like five cakes. _ _ _ would he like ? 19.They play football every Friday. _ _ they play football? 20.The man in brown is Toms father. _ _ is Toms father?,16.The cats are running up the tree. _ are the cats _? 17.Jims plane is broken. _ _ _ Jims plane? 18.He would like five cakes. _ _ _ would he like ? 19.They play football every Friday. _ _ they play football? 20.The man in brown is Toms father. _ _ is Toms father?,Where,running,Whats,wrong,with,How,many,cakes,When,do,Which,man,Goodbye!,Thank you !,Grammar,The Passive Voice,被动语态,How to describe the pictures？,The river was seriously polluted.,Some trees have been cut down.,语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。,英语语态,被动语态的构成,worked,opened,closed,seen,taught,asked,work,close,open,ask,see,teach,e.g.,由助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词（V-ed）构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。,被动语态在不同时态的不同形式,被动语态的基本构成：,be + p.p,一般现在时(do, does),is/am/are done,一般过去时(did),was/were done,一般将来时(will do),will be done,现在进行时(is/am/are doing),is/am/are being done,过去进行时(was/were doing),was/were being done,现在完成时(have/has done),have/has been done,带情态动词(can/must/may do),can/must/may be done,主动语态：S（主语）+P（谓语）+O（宾语） 被动语态：,S（主语）+,P(被动结构)+,by O（宾语）,一般现在时：,is/am/are+p.p,一般过去时：,was/were +p.p,一般将来时：,will be +p.p,详见上页,主动语态变为被动语态,Practise(2): Make sentences,a computer/use/every day,A computer is used every day.,the bridge/build/last year,The bridge was built last year.,these big buildings/build/next year,These big buildings will be built next year.,the thief/catch/the policemen/yesterday,The thief was caught by the policemen yesterday.,Ex 1. 把下列的句子改为被动语态,Many people visit Shenzhen every year. Shenzhen _ _ _ many people every year.,is visited by,2. They built some houses in the village. Some houses _ _ by _ in the village.,were built them,3. We will tell you everything about it tomorrow. You _ _ _ everything about it tomorrow.,will be told,4. The students can use the computer. The computer _ _ _ by the students.,can be used,5. He has sold out all the books. All the books _ _ _ _ by him.,have been sold out,6. The worker is repairing a car now. A car _ _ _ by the worker now.,is being repaired,7. They took these photos on the Great Wall. These photos _ _ on the Great Wall.,were taken,8. The girls have sent some flowers to the singer. Some flowers _ _ _ to the singer.,have been sent,9. You must finish your work before you go to bed. Your work _ _ _ before you go to bed.,must be finished,The fish has been eaten by the cat.,The fish will be eaten by the cat.,the tree/cut,The tree is being cut by the man.,shenzhen airport/use/for a long time,Shenzhen airport has been used for a long time.,The World Trade Centre/ smash down(撞毁）,The World Trade Centre was smashed down.,this kind of car /can make/in this factory,This kind of car can be made in this factory.,Pay attention !,She gave me some money.,I was given some money by her.,Some money was given to me by her.,He will show me some photos.,I will be shown some photos by him.,Some photos will be shown to me by him.,Pay attention !,His mother makes him play the piano.,He is made to play the piano by his mother.,We saw them go out.,They were seen to go out by us.,The boss made the workers work all day.,The workers were made