2019年高中英语Unit2TheOlympicGamesSectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage.docx

Section Learning about Language & Using LanguageTHE STORY OF ATALANTAAtalanta was a Greek princess. She was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece. But she was not allowed torun and win glory for herself in the Olympic Games. She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her. Her father said that she must marry, so Atalanta made a bargain with him. She said to him, “These are my rules. When a man says he wants to marry me, I will run against him. If he cannot run as fast as me, he will be killed. No one will be pardoned.”Many kings and princes wanted to marry Atalanta, but when they heard of her rules they knew it was hopeless. So many of them sadly went home, but others stayed to run the race. There was a man called Hippomenes who was amazed when he heard of Atalantas rules， “Why are these men so foolish？” he thought. “Why will they let themselves be killed because they cannot run as fast as this princess？” However, when he saw Atalanta come out of her house to run, Hippomenes changed his mind.“I will marry Atalanta or die！” he said.Atalanta/tlnt/n.阿塔兰忒(希腊神话人物)princess/prInses/n.公主be (not) allowed to do sth.(不)被允许做某事glory/lrI/n.光荣；荣誉win glory for为赢得荣誉would在此处表示意愿。would not不肯；不愿意句中so .that引导结果状语从句；第二个that引导宾语从句；who引导定语从句。bargain/bIn/vi.讨价还价；讲条件n.便宜货make a bargain with sb.和某人谈好条件；与某人达成协议run against 与赛跑pardon vt.原谅；赦免prince/prIns/n.王子hear of/about听说；得知hopeless/hplIs/adj.没有希望的；绝望的(反)hopeful adj.有希望的；充满希望的run the race参加赛跑，此处run为及物动词。Hippomenes/hIpmniz/n.希波墨涅斯called Hippomenes是a man的后置定语；who引导定语从句，when引导时间状语从句。foolish/fulI/adj.愚蠢的；傻的Its foolish of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是愚蠢的。change ones mind 改变主意make up ones mind下定决心阿塔兰忒的故事 第12段译文阿塔兰忒是一位希腊公主。她长得很美，跑得比希腊的任何男人都快，但是她不被允许在奥运会上参加比赛为自己赢得荣誉。她非常生气，就跟她的父亲说，她不会嫁给任何一个跑不过她的男人。她的父亲说她必须结婚，于是阿塔兰忒就和他达成了一个协议。她对父亲说：“我有我的条件。如果有人说想娶我，我就跟他赛跑。如果他跑得不如我快，他就要被杀掉，任何人不得求饶。”许多国王和王子想要娶阿塔兰忒，但是当听到她规定的条件时，他们知道那是没有希望的，因此他们中许多人就闷闷不乐地回家了，但是也有一些人留下来赛跑。有位叫希波墨涅斯的人听到阿塔兰忒的条件，大为吃惊。他想：“为什么这些男人那么愚蠢呢？为什么他们跑不过这个公主就让别人把自己杀掉呢？”但是，当希波墨涅斯看到阿塔兰忒从屋子里出来跑步时，他改变了主意。他说：“我要娶阿塔兰忒，否则就去死！”The race started and although the men ran very fast， Atalanta ran faster. As Hippomenes watched he thought, “How can I run as fast as Atalanta？” He went to ask the Greek Goddess of Love for help. She promised to help him and gave him three golden apples. She said, “Throw an apple in front of Atalanta when she is running past. When she stops to pick it up， you will be able to run past her and win.” Hippomenes took the apples and went to the King. He said, “I want to marry Atalanta.” The King was sad to see another man die， but Hippomenes said, “I will marry her or die！” So the race began.although引导让步状语从句。as引导时间状语从句。goddess/dIs/n.女神Goddess of Love爱情女神Goddess of Freedom自由女神promise to do sth.许诺做某事in front of在的前面(整个物体或人前)in the front of在的前部(某个空间内部的前面)stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事(to do为目的状语)；stop doing sth.停止做某事(doing作stop的宾语)。pick up拾起；捡起see sb.do sth.看见某人做了某事will在此处表意愿，意为“愿；要；会；定要”。第3段译文比赛开始了，虽然那些男人跑得很快，可是阿塔兰忒跑得更快。希波墨涅斯边看边想：“我怎样才能跑得像阿塔兰忒一样快呢？”他去向希腊爱情女神求助。女神答应帮助他，并且给了他三个金苹果。她说：“当阿塔兰忒跑过你的时候，你就把一个苹果扔在她前面。当她停下来去捡苹果时，你就能超过她并获胜。”希波墨涅斯拿着苹果去见国王。他说：“我要娶阿塔兰忒。”国王很忧伤，因为又要看到一个人去送死了，但是希波墨涅斯说：“我要娶她，要不，我就去死！”于是比赛开始了。 Step 1Put the following sentences in the correct order according to the text.aAtalanta was angry.bWhen they heard the rules, some kings and princes went home.cAtalanta was not allowed to run in the Olympic Games.dAtalanta would marry a man who could run faster than her.eHippomenes asked for help from the Greek Goddess of Love.答案：cadbeStep 2Choose the best answers according to the text.1Why was Atalanta angry?ABecause no man could run faster than her.BBecause she wasnt allowed to run in the Olympic Games.CBecause her father forced her to marry a man who couldnt run faster than her.DBecause men in her country thought little of her.2What would happen if a man couldnt run faster than Atalanta?AHe would be fined.BHe would become a slave.CHe would be killed.DHe would be put in prison.3What did Hippomenes think of the men who ran against Atalanta at first?AWise.BBrave.CFoolish. DShy.4Who helped Hippomenes?AThe Greek Goddess of Love.BThe king.CAtalanta.DThe prince.答案：14BCCA 对应学生用书P32一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.charge vt.& vi.收费；控诉n. 费用；主管2.poster n. 海报；招贴3.bargain vi. 讨价还价；讲条件n. 便宜货4.deserve vi.&vt. 应受；值得5.fine vt. 罚款6.hopeless adj. 没有希望的；绝望的 .拓展词汇1.physical adj.物理的；身体的physics n物理学2.advertise v做广告；登广告advertisement n广告3.glory n光荣；荣誉glorious adj.光荣的4.foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的fool n傻子 v愚弄；欺骗5.pain n疼痛；痛苦painful adj.疼痛的；痛苦的painless adj.不痛的；无痛的1.painful adj.疼痛的；痛苦的联想后缀ful形容词集合hopehopeful adj.有希望的useuseful adj. 有用的helphelpful adj. 有帮助的carecareful adj. 细心的doubtdoubtful adj. 怀疑的2.hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的联想后缀less可接在名词之后构成形容词，表示否定含义，常见的有：breathless 气喘吁吁的careless 粗心的painless 无痛的endless 无止境的harmless 无害的useless 无用的3.对比记忆法：hopelesshopeful tallshortfoolishclever carelesscarefulphysicalmental fastslow二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.in_charge主管；看管2.one_after_another 陆续地；一个接一个地3.make_a_bargain_with 与达成协议4.change_ones_mind 改变主意5.pick_up 捡起；拾起6.apart_from 除了以外7.hand_in_hand 手牵手；手拉手8.hear_of 听说1.run the race 参加赛跑2.be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事3.win the race 赢得比赛4.marry sb. 嫁给某人5.be active in 在方面表现积极6.be confident in doing sth. 有信心做某事7.ask sb.for help 向某人求助8.make mistakes 犯错误三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her. 她非常生气，就跟她的父亲说，她不会嫁给任何一个跑不过她的男人。soadj.that .“如此以至于”，that引导结果状语从句。He studied so_hard_that he won the first place in the exam. 他学习如此努力，结果在考试中获得了第一名。2.I will marry Atalanta or die！我要娶阿塔兰忒，否则就去死！or“否则；要不然”；相当于if not。Cross the road very carefully, or_you_might_be_knocked_down by the car. 过马路要非常小心，不然你可能会被车撞倒。3.This is important because the more you speak English, the better your English will become. 这是很重要的，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。the比较级 .，the比较级 .表示“越，就越”。The_harder you study, the_greater progress youll make. 你学习越努力，你取得的进步就越大。 1(教材P12)duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong如果出现问题，有负责和介入麻烦事的责任charge n费用；主管；看管；责任 v收费；控诉；要价；指控(1)charge (sb.) for sth.为(向某人)收费/要价charge sb. with sth. 指控某人某事(2)in charge (of .) 主管/看管/负责()take charge of . 负责/看管 in/under the charge of sb.in ones charge 在某人的掌管之下free of charge 免费The hotel charges 200 yuan a day for this room.这家旅馆的这个房间每天收费200元。The police charged the thief with stealing the jewels.警方指控那个小偷偷窃珠宝。The company was badly organized before she took_charge_of it. 在她掌管之前，这家公司管理很差。The company is in_the_charge_of Tom when the boss is away.Tom is in_charge_of the company when the boss is away.当老板不在的时候由汤姆负责公司业务。2(教材P13)Now you are asked to make a poster to advertise a sporting event.现在你被要求制作一张海报为一项体育赛事做广告。advertise v为做广告；登广告(1)advertise for登广告征求advertise for sb. to do sth. 登广告招聘/雇用某人做某事(2)advertisement n. 广告put an advertisement in a newspaper 在报纸上发布广告If you want to attract more customers, try advertising in the local paper.如果你要吸引更多顾客，就试试在当地报纸上登广告。The nursing home is advertising for a volunteer to_help (help) look after the patients.这家疗养院正在登广告招聘一名志愿者帮助照顾病人。If you are in search of your missing pet, youd better put an advertisement (advertise) in the newspaper.如果你在寻找丢失的宠物，你最好在报纸上登个广告。3(教材P14)Her father said that she must marry, so Atalanta made a bargain with him.她的父亲说她必须结婚，于是阿塔兰忒就和他达成了一个协议。bargain n便宜货；协议；交易 vi.讨价还价；讲条件(1)make a bargain with sb.和某人达成协议a real bargain 便宜(货)a good/bad bargain 买得(不)合算Its/Thats a bargain. 真划算。/我同意了。/成交了。(2)bargain with sb. about/over/for sth. 和某人就某物讨价还价The lady walked around the shops, keeping an eye out for bargains.这位女士在各家商店逛来逛去，时刻注意着廉价商品。We made_a_bargain_with each other about responsibility.我们就责任方面彼此达成了协议。The coat is a good bargain at such a low price.这件外套售价这么低，实在是便宜。The tourists were bargaining_with the salesgirl about the price.游客们正在和女售货员讲价钱。4(教材P14)When she stops to pick it up, you will be able to run past her and win.当她停下来去捡苹果时，你就能超过她并获胜。pick up捡起；拾起；(偶然、意外地)获得；学会；(用车)接；搭载；(精神、健康等的)好转；康复；改善；接收(信号等)写出下列句中pick up的含义He has picked up slowly since he came out of hospital. 好转；康复He picked up the book on the floor and went away.捡起；拾起With my new radio I can pick up stations all over Europe. 接收She soon picked up French when she went to live in France. 学会Dont worry. Ill pick you up at the bus station. (用车)接5(教材P14)She made as many men as she could share her pain.她尽可能多地让更多的男人分担她的痛苦。pain n痛苦；疼痛have a .pain in the 身体部位(地方)疼spare no pains to do sth. 不遗余力做某事take pains to do sth. 煞费苦心做某事As the old saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”常言道，“不劳无获。”She has a sharp pain in the chest. 她胸口剧痛。We will spare no pains (pain) to support you. 我们将全力以赴支持你们。6(教材P15)Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race?你认为希波墨涅斯应该赢得这场比赛吗？deserve vi.&vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得deserve to do值得做/应该做deserve to be done/deserve doing值得被做deserve consideration/attention/praise 值得考虑/注意/表扬You deserve a rest after all that hard work.辛苦了那么久，你该休息一下了。Since he had broken the rule, he deserved punishing/to_be_punished (punish)因为他违背了规定，他应受惩罚。He has worked very hard and deserves to_pass (pass) the exam. 他学习很努力，应该能通过考试。联想发散类似deserve后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义的动词还有：need, want, require等。1She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her. 她非常生气，就跟她的父亲说，她不会嫁给任何一个跑不过她的男人。so .that .“如此以至于”，其常见句型结构有：(1)soadj./adv.that .(2)soadj.a/ann.that ./such a/anadj.n.that .(3)so few/many名词复数that .(4)so little(少)/much不可数名词that .The film Wolf Warrior is so wonderful that I want to see it again.电影战狼非常精彩，我还想再看一遍。Kate is so stubborn a girl that we all hate her.Kate is such_a_stubborn_girl_that we all hate her.凯特是一个这么固执的女孩，以至于我们都讨厌她。He made so_many_mistakes_that he failed the exam once again.他出了那么多错，考试又没及格。2This is important because the more you speak English, the better your English will become.这是很重要的，因为你说英语越多，你的英语就会越好。the more ., the better .属于“the比较级.，the比较级.”的结构，其意义为“越，就越”。前一个“the比较级”是条件状语从句，后一个是主句。主句用一般将来时，前面的从句用一般现在时表示将来。The more you practise, the better you can understand. 你练习得越多，理解得就越透。The more I read the book, the more I liked it. 这本书我越看越喜欢。 The_higher you stand, the_farther you will see.你站得越高就看得越远。.单句语法填空1Sam picked up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.2This advice is of some value, I think. It deserves considering/to_be_considered/consideration (consider)3The more you study maths, the easier (easy) you will feel.4He advertised in the newspaper for a secretary.5Most of the students are making rapid progress but Jeremy seems hopeless (hope)6He has taken great pains (pain) to improve his image.补全句子1It was so_cold_a_day_that I didnt like to leave my room.天气这么冷，我不想离开我的房间。 2The_more_careful you are, the_fewer_mistakes you will make. 你越细心，你犯的错误就会越少。3The teacher asked who_was_in_charge_of/took_charge_of_the_cleaning_job in the class.老师问谁负责班里的清洁工作。4Since they tried hard to train day and night, they deserved_to_win_the_game.由于他们日夜努力训练，他们应该赢得这场比赛。5He made_a_bargain_with his partner to help each other.他和同伴约定互相帮助。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高本课语言点针对练习.单词拼写1Its foolish (愚蠢的) of him to debate the question with his boss.2My sister bought this Tshirt at such a low price. She was really good at bargaining (讨价还价)3The man paid a fiftydollar fine (罚款) for putting up advertisements in public.4The woman deserved (应受) the punishment because she broke the rule in order to win glory (荣誉) for herself.5The old man gets a physical (身体的) examination on a regular basis.6He is hopeless (没有希望的) about his chances of winning the contest.7(2017全国卷)Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain (疼痛) or was sending a message to its own branches.8I shall advertise (登广告) the loss of my laptop in the newspaper, with a reward for the finder.单句改错1It was foolish for you to leave school at such an early age.forof2As far as I know, Tom and Mary will get marry next month.marrymarried3She is satisfied that all her plans have succeeded one by another.byafter4Its ten years of hard work has made him succeed.work后加that.多维演练1charge(1)补全句子You can play football in the stadium free_of_charge (免费) if you are a member.Could you please tell me who_is_in_charge (谁负责) here?He was_charged_with (被指控) murder yesterday, which made us all surprised.My little son is in_the_charge_of (负责) the babysitter while Im out.The babysitter is in_charge_of (负责) my little son while Im out.She should charge me 200 yuan for (为向我要价200元) repairing my computer.(2)句式升级三个月前，那个人掌管这家公司。The man took_charge_of_the_company three months ago.他被指控吸毒。He was_charged_with taking drugs.用who引导的定语从句连接练习、两个句子The_man_who_took_charge_of_the_company_three_months_ago_was_charged_with_taking_drugs.2so/such .that补全句子The book is so_interesting_that all of the students want to read it.这本书太有趣了，所有的学生都想读。He has_so_much_money_that he can buy whatever he wants.他有很多钱，以至于他能买他想要的任何东西。It was such_good_news_that everyone laughed.这个消息是如此好以至于每个人都笑了。He is such_a_clever_boy_that we all like him.(such)He is so_clever_a_boy_that we all like him.(so)他是个非常聪明的男孩，我们大家都非常喜欢他。本单元语言点温故练习.单词拼写1I must admit (承认) that the results were amazing.2These products are of high quality and able to compete (竞争) internationally.3The charity is calling for volunteers (志愿者) to make use of their free time to help those poor children.4He heard the regular (有规律的) noise of the clock.5The father of a family should have more sense of responsibility (责任)6He picked them up and replaced (放回) them in the bag.7The students are designing a poster to advertise (做广告；宣传) the basketball game.8I noticed a swift (快速的) change of expression in his face.选词填空stand for， in charge of， compete for， one after another， pick up， make a bargain with， as well， take part in1Athletes take part in the Olympic Games to compete_for the glory for their homeland.2The teacher said, “Class is over.” Then the students left the classroom one_after_another.3Jim is fond of travelling and cooking as_well.4Please raise your hand if you want to take_part_in the games.5I wont stand_for his unreasonable (不合理的) demands any longer.6My uncle who is highly thought of is in_charge_of the department.7I picked_up a few words of Greek when I was in Greece last year.8Generally speaking, its no use making_a_bargain_with saleswomen in big shops.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.阅读理解Youre at your favorite sporting event, watching your team play their hardest.Then all of a sudden you hear a cheer.This really seems to get the crowd fired up.But did anyone ever stop and think about how much time and effort it takes to be a cheerleader? Did you ever wonder how much sweat and practice go into cheerleaders being out there to cheer on their home team? Did you ever think these cheerleaders really have to have a good memory also? Not only are they athletes, but they are smart athletes, and the nicest people you will ever meet.Cheerleading is a sport because cheerleaders take part in all kinds of competitions, and there is danger involved (卷入)It is not a wellknown fact that cheerleaders have to compete in a lot of different competitions.This is something a lot of people think is very easy, but in fact, taking part in the competitions is one of the hardest things that cheerleaders have to do.Competitions take a lot of time and effort.I have been to 37 different cheerleading competitions since the age of five.And in my opinion, competitions require quite a lot of physical and mental effort.Moreover, there are many dangerous activities involved.Jump is one of the most dangerous things in cheerleading.If you were to come down from the jump incorrectly, you could break a foot, or even a leg.Tumbling (翻筋斗) is another highly risky thing.During tumbling, concussions (脑震荡) may happen when you hit the head on the floor.I believe that cheerleading is a sport because cheerleaders compete in all kinds of competitions, there are many different skills to learn and master, and it can be a very dangerous sport.So the next time you are at your favorite sporting event listening to the cheers of the crowd, think about the preparation involved in this energetic sport.语篇解读：本文是议论文。作者认为在运动场上为运动员们加油助威的拉拉队表演也属于一种体育运动。1What are the questions in Paragraph 1 mainly about?AThe key role of a good cheerleader.BPeoples expectations for cheerleaders.CLittleknown facts about cheerleading.DThe relationship between teams and cheerleaders.解析：选C细节理解题。细读第一段的三个问题可知，这些问题反映的是一些有关拉拉队的鲜为人知的事实。2What is the authors attitude to cheerleaders?AShe gives them high praise.BShe is doubtful about them.CShe looks down upon them.DShe pays no attention to them.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Not only are they athletes, but they are smart athletes, and the nicest people you will ever meet.”可知，作者高度赞扬了拉拉队队员。3Why does the author mention her own experiences in Paragraph 2?ATo show how cheerleading competitions work.BTo prove cheerleading competitions are hard work.CTo prove the great influence of competitions on her.DTo show