考纲中翻译的要求.ppt

Translation Strategies and Practice,Lecturer: 王郁文 David Wang,26/10/2008,四级考纲中翻译的要求,翻译部分为汉译英，共5个句子，一句一题，句长为15-30词。句子中的一部分已用英文给出，要求考生根据全句意思将汉语部分译成英语。考试时间5分钟。翻译须符合英语的语法结构和表达习惯，要求用词准确。,翻译的基本技巧-分句法,把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子，使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。或把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的句子。 例：八月中旬，修理组人员在骄阳下工作。 译文: It was in mid-August, and the repair section operated under the blazing sun.（一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句）,合句法,把原文中两个或以上的简单句，主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。 例: 她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所 出租的房子，结果并未成功。 译文:She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success(but in vain). （多个简单句合成一个单句）,正译法,就汉译英而言，就是把句子按照与汉语相同的表达方式译成英语。 例: 我们强烈反对公司的新政策。 译文: We strongly object to the companys new policy.,反译法,就汉译英而言，就是把句子按照与汉语相反的表达方式译成英语。 例: 酒吧间只有五个顾客还没有走。 译文:Only five consumers remained in the bar.,顺序法,顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序，不会影响对原文内容的理解。 例: 即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时，电仍然为我们工作：开动电冰箱，把水加热，或使室内空调机继续运转。 译文: Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep , electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.,逆序法,逆序法根据目标语使用者表达习惯与目标语读者的认知能力，按原文语序反向翻译，以便更好地传达原文的内容。 例: 他经常做礼拜的时候，总坐在固定的座位上，可是那天他们发现他不坐在老地方。 译文:They remarked how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend worship.,历年翻译真题训练 (2006.6-2009.6),CET 2009.6翻译 87. Soon after he transferred to the new school, Ali found that he had _(很难跟上班里的同学) in maths and English. 88. If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary _ (就不会被大雨淋了). 89. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are _ （更有可能增加体重）.,difficulty in catching up with his classmates,wouldnt have been caught by the rain,likely to gain weight,90. _(很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports, and football in particular. 91. The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is _ (与缺乏锻炼密切相关).,What many people havent realized,closely related to the lack of exercises.,CET 2008.12翻译 87. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems _(他们至今还没有答案). 88. _(大多数父母所关心的) is providing the best education possible for their children. 89. Youd better take a sweater with you _ （以防天气变冷）.,they havent resolved yet They havent found solutions to,What most parents (the majority of parents) care about,in case of the low temperature,90. Through the project, many people have received training and _(决定自己创业). 91. The anti-virus agent was not known _ (直到一名医生偶然发现了它).,decided to start their own business,until a doctor found it by accident (accidentally),CET 2008.6翻译 87. Our efforts will pay off if the result of this research _(能应用于新技术的开发). 88. I cant boot my computer now. Something _(一定出了毛病) with its operating system. 89. Leaving ones job, _ （不管是什么工作）, is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.,can be applied to the exploration of new technology.,must be wrong,no matter what kind (of job it is),90. _ (与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting. 91._(直到他完成使命) did he realize that he was seriously ill,Compared with the place in which/ where I grew up,Not until he had finished the mission,CET 2007.12翻译 87_ (多亏了一系列的新发明)，doctors can treat this disease successfully. 88. In my sixties, one change I notice is that _ (我比以前更容易累了) 89. I am going to purchase this course, _ (无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).,Thanks to a series of new inventions. Owing toa succession of, a chain of, A string of, a sequence of,Im more inclined/liable/prone to tiredness/to get tired than before.,no matter what sacrifice I will have to make Whatever sacrifice I will make No matter how much I will sacrifice,90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store _ (它更加方便和省时). 91. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _ (是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的)，not how much they can earn.,it/the former is more convenient and time-saving. c.f: time-consuming,is measured by how much they can borrow,CET 2007.6翻译 87. The finding of this study failed to_ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内). 88. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is_ (我们可以合作的领域).,consider the quality of peoples sleep take peoples sleep quality into account/ consideration,the field (where) we can cooperate the field in which we can cooperate one field of our cooperation,89.Because of the leg injury, the athlete _ (决定退出比赛). 90.To make donations or for more information, please _ (按以下地址和我们联系).,decided (decides) to quit the match was determined to quit the game (contest),contact us at the following address,91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _ (如果你方便的话).,at your convenience if it is convenient for you,CET 2006.12翻译 87.Specialists in intercultural studies says that it is not easy to _(适应不同文化中的生活). 88.Since my childhood I have found that _ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).,adapt oneself to life in different culture adapt oneself to living in different culture,nothing is more attractive to me than reading nothing appeals to me more than reading,89.The victim _(本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 90.Some psychologists claim that people _ (出门在外时可能会感到孤独),would have a chance to survive would stand a chance of survival,may/might feel lonely when they are away from home. when they are not in their home town when they are traveling,91.The nations population continues to rise _(以每年1200万人的速度),at a speed /rate of 12 million per year At an annual speed of 12 million,CET 2006.6翻译 87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble _(找到去历史博物馆的路). 88. _(为了挣钱供我上学)， Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.,(in) finding his/the way to the History Museum,In order to make/earn/get money for my education pay my tuition (fee) cover the cost/expenses of my schooling finance