名词性从句难点复习.ppt

名词性从句,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,主语从句在句中做- 宾语从句在句中做- 表语从句在句中做- 同位语从句在句中-,主语,宾语,表语,同位语,1. That he will come is certain.,2. I know that he will come.,3. The truth is that I have been there.,4. The fact that she was late surprised us.,主语从句,that whether who whom whose what which when where why how,从 句 引导词:,1. That he knows Japanese is known to all.,3. When he will come is unknown .,4. Whether he is coming doesnt matter much.,5. It remains a secret how they climbed up the mountain.,主语太长了!放到句尾,That无词义,不可省略,What “什么”, “所.的”,2. What surprised me was to see him here .,When “什么时候”,主语从句不用 if,位于句首,主语从句的位置 1.在句首 2.主语较长时通常放在后面,句首主语用 It,It 作主语的常用句型有:,1. It + be +形容词 + that 从句,2. It + be +名称词组(duty/pity) + that 从句,3. It + be + 过去分词(said/thought) + that 从句,4. It +不及物动词(seem/happen) + that 从句,a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that 有必要 It is important that 重要的是 It is obvious that 很明显,b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that 人们相信 It is known to all that 从所周知 It has been decided that 已决定,c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that 是常识 It is a surprise that 令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是,d. It +不及物动词+ that-从句 It appears that 似乎 It happens that 碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起,注意： 用 it 作形式主语的that- 从句有以下几组：,真可惜我们不能去游泳. 碰巧那天我外出了. 他考试肯定会考好. 据说他已告诉了她一切.,注意: It looked that he was right. ( ) 可以说: It looks as if.,happen只有 it 句型,It is said只有 it 句型,It is a pity that we cant go swimming.,It is said that he told her everything.,It happened that I was out that day.,It is certain that he will do well in the exam.,Whatever we do must be in the interest of the people. It must be in the interest of the people whatever we do,名词性关系代词whatever/whoever/whichever /wherever/what引导的主语从句一般放在句首,改错,1. It is true what he said.,What he said is true. 放在句首,表语从句,从 句 同主语从句 (11个), 外加as if / 引导词: as though,1. The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.,2. The question is whether w can finish the experiment by Friday.,3. It looks as if it were going to rain.,实际情况是他从未去过农村. that 一般不省略,问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验. 表语从句不用 if,4. This school is no longer what it was before.,这所学校已不再是从前的那个样子了. what =the thing that,系动词后面,注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法,This is where Lu Xun once lived. That was how they won the match. This is why she got up so early this morning.,这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.,他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.,这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.,我们就是这样克服困难的. 那就是他昨天缺席的原因. 这就是我们上星期碰头的地方.,This is / That was how we overcame the difficulties.,That is why he was absent yesterday.,This is where we met last Sunday.,宾语从句,从 句 ( 同主语从句 ) ,增加 if ,可与whether 引导词: 互换, 但不与 or not 连用,1. They pretended ( that ) they knew how to do it.,2.She said (that) she couldnt tell me and that I couldnt understand.,宾语从句并列时,只省略第一个 that,4. Everything depends on whether we have enough time. ( if ),if /whether 表示“是否” 可以互换,四种情况用whether: 1.在介词后面 2.与or not连用 3.在主语从句,表语从句,同位语从句中 4后面跟不定式,5. I dont know whether he will come or not. ( if ),6. The question is whether he will agree . ( if ),I doubt if / whether he will pass the exam. I dont doubt that we will win the match. Do you doubt that he did it on his own?,doubt问题,肯定句中用 if / whether,否定句中用 that,疑定句中用 that,I doubt _ he is telling the truth. We never doubt _ the plan will be carried out . Does he doubt _ you are from Austria? Im doubtful _ he will agree to this.,if / whether,that,that,if / whether,宾语从句经常做介词的宾语,The Swede stood still, except _ his lips moved slightly. She is not satisfied with _ she has achieved. Mary always thinks of _ she can do more for the class. He wrote a letter of thanks to _ helped him.,5. It depends on if we have enough time.,whether we have enough time.,介词后面不用 if,that,what,how,whoever,6. Are you sorry for which you have done?,what you have done?,介词后面不用 which,宾语从句经常作表语形容词的宾语,Im afraid (that ) Ill be late. We were surprised that he lost the game.,此类表语形容词有: afraid pleased happy satisfied anxious sure surprised certain glad aware用它们造句,that 从句只跟在 except,but, in ,besides, 四个介词后面,1 We have made that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life clear. (改用形式宾语 it ),英语有句尾重心的原则,I consider that we should learn English well necessary.,We consider her suitable for the job.,句尾太轻,consider find think feel make 等动词常带宾语补足语,这时要用形式宾语 it ,宾语从句放到宾补之后,We have made it clear that a foreign language is useful weapon in the struggle of life.,correction,The emperor was pleased by which the minister told him about it. Are you sorry for that you have annoyed him? I find that this should be kept secret for the time being necessary. Can you doubt if she will succeed? I worried about if my brother will return in time. She said that she has never told a lie. Will you tell me when he leaves for Paris? Our football team won the match last Sunday excited all of us. It looked that he was well prepared for the unexpected challenge. That he said moved everyone present.,what,it necessary that this should be kept sexretfor the time being,that she will succeed ?,whether my brother will return in time.,had,will leave for Paris?,That our football team won the match last Sunday excited all of us,What,It seemed,which不做介词宾语,句尾重心,从句缺少引导词,that不做句子成分,没有It look that表达式,同位语从句,被修饰词有: fact, news, hope, opinion, order, question, problem, belief, truth, theory, decision, discovery, conclusion, promise, rumor, fear, thought, suggestion, plan, idea,同位语从句说明它们的内容,常见引导词: that , whether ( if ), how, wh- 疑问词,The fact that deeds are better than words is quite clear. The question how I did it is hard to answer. They had no idea where they should go to find some food. The question whether he comes or not is not important. ( if ) A thought came to me that he might be in the library.,事实胜于雄辨这一道理非常清楚.,我怎么做的这一问题难回答.,他们根本不知去哪儿找食物,他是否来这个问题不重要.,我突然想到他可能在图书馆. 被别的词隔开,that 无词义,同位语从句和定语从句的区别:,We were excited about the news (that) he had told us. We were excited about the news that he had passed the exam.,The fact that the young man had been a prisoner astonished her . The fact that was unbelievable astonished everyone.,The question who helped us out of difficulty remains to be answered. The question which seems so strange remains to be answered.,同位语从句: 说明名词的内容, wh-表示疑问, that 不做成分, 不能省略,定 语 从 句:说明名词的性质特征, wh-不表示疑问,引导词做句子成分,做宾语 可以省略,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 1. Can you tell me how many students are there in your class? 2. I dont know where has he gone. 3. The owner of the shop came to see what the matter was.,there are,he has,what was the matter.,规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 4. We suggested that we would go to the cinema. 5. My idea is that we must do our homework first. 6. His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.,We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.,My idea is that we (should) do our homework first.,His proposal that we (should) go there on foot.,规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！,问题：此类虚拟语气有哪些关键词？,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： 7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet. 8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. 9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. 10. He asked me if I could go with him or not.,Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,It depends on whether the weather is .,The question is whether he himself will be present .,He asked me whether I could go with him or not.,规律三：4种情况只能用whether ： （1）位于句子开头； （2）前面有介词； （3）引导表语从句； （4）与or not连用。,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律： I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books. 2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting. 3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesnt matter that you will come or not.,it,it,that,whether,规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助 “it” 而后置。,问题：想想看是什么“适当的情况”？,名词性从句试题集锦 1.I ask her _ come with me. A. if she will B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A. What B. That C. Which D. Whether 3.Can you tell me _? A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that,7.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has he gone D. where has he gone 11.They want to know _ ( do ) to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,13.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 16.Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,19. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Which 22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 23. I drove to Zh