甘肃省兰州市第一中学2019届高考英语最后冲刺模拟试题.docx

甘肃省兰州市第一中学2019届高考英语最后冲刺模拟试题说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AHere are some professions Americans consider to be the most honest. Maybe the rest of us can learn from what these people do to establish good relationships with others.MEDICAL DOCTORSJack Jacob, Age: 44, Fountain Valley, CaliforniaI try to introduce myself in a pleasant way. I sit down. I dont stand. I make good eye contact with the patient and his or her family. Communication skills are key, as well as showing understanding and availability. For a physician, the most rewarding thing is when someone who has seen your work chooses you.ENGINEERSChrissy Keane, Age: 41, Crofton, MarylandI dont know that being an engineer means you are automatically trustworthy. However, I do think that most engineers like to follow rules and be organized. They tell you what they think, whether you want to hear it or not. Those are important elements in building trust.POLICE OFFICERSG.M.Cox, Age: 64, Fort Worth, TexasAs a police officer, I have the best interests of the people I serve in my heart and in my actions and Im going to treat everyone the same way. I always want to go up to people and speak to them with respect. Dont talk down to them. You have to establish and maintain that trust. Be equal!1. What does Jack Jacob think important to do his job? A. Being communicative. B. Experience. C. Self-introduction. D. Being open-minded.2. How does G.M.Cox treat people in his job? A. Actively B. Equally C. Cautiously D. Strictly3. What do the three people mentioned in the passage have in common? A. They follow rules.B. They are warm-hearted. C. They deserve trust. D. They are good organizers.B The secret to living longer could be as simple as picking up your walking pace, according to a new study. Researchers from the University of Sydney found that walking at a brisk(快的) or fast pace was associated with a risk reduction of 24 percent for any cause of death.This effect was even more obvious in older age group, with fast walkers over the age of 60 reducing their risk of death by a surprising 53 percent. Professor Emmanuel Stamatakis, who led the study, explained, “A fast pace is generally five to six kilometers per hour, but it really depends on a walkers fitness levels; an alternatives indicator is to walk at a pace that makes you slightly out of breath or sweaty.”In the study, the researchers looked at the results of 11 surveys from 1994 to 2008, in which participants recorded their walking pace, as well as age, sex and BMI. The analysis showed that walking at an average pace was associated with a 20 percent risk reduction for all-cause mortality(死亡率) compared with walking at a slow pace, while walking at a brisk or fast pace was associated with a risk reduction of 24 percent.The researchers hope the findings will encourage the development of public health message about the benefits of walking pace. Professor Stamatakis added, “These analyses suggest that increasing walking pace may be a straightforward way for people to improve heart health and risk for premature mortality- providing a simple message for public health campaigns to promote.“Especially in situations when walking more isnt possible due to time pressures or a less walking-friendly environment, walking faster may be a good option to get the heart rate up- one that most people can easily add to their lives.”4. Who benefit most from walking fast? A. Cancer sufferers. B. The elderly. C. Those who have heart problems.D. Those who have high BMI.5. What decides how fast a person can walk according to Professor Stamatakis?A. His/Her fitness levels.B. His/Her ages.C. His/Her will.D. His/Her BMI.6. Why can walking fast reduce death rate? A. Most people like doing it.B. It benefits the heart.C. It reduces cancer mortality.D. Most people can do it easily.7. What is the main idea of the text?A. Walking is easy exercise for people to do.B. Walking has received little attention until now.C. More and more people are walking fast for health.D. A fast walking pace can benefit peoples health.CRide-hailing apps and robot cars promise to change how we get around and the effects are already being felt. Traffic in New York is slowing down. Jams are common in Manhattan, especially in its business districts. Daytime traffic in the busiest areas now moves almost 20% more slowly than it did five years ago.It seems a place ripe for wide use of ride-hailing apps that, you might think, would reduce some of the jams. However, those apps appear to be making things worse as traffic has slowed in line with the growing popularity of apps such as Uber and Lyft, a study by transport expert Bruce Schaller suggests.Over the four years of the study, the number of cars in Manhattan seeking ride-hailing fares increased by 81%. There are now about 68,000 ride-sharing drivers across New York. Thats about five times the number of the yellow cabs licensed to operate there, he found. There are so many drivers, his work suggests, who spend about 45% of their spare time just touring for fares. That is a lot of unused cars blocking a lot of busy streets.Simple physics explains why ride-sharing vehicles are causing, not curing jams, said Jarrett Walker, a public transport policy expert who has advised hundreds of cities about moving people.“Lots of people are deciding that, Oh, public transport is just too much trouble this morning, or whenever, which causes a shift from it,” he told the BBC. “That means moving people from larger vehicles into smaller ones, which means more vehicles to move the same people. Therefore, more traffic.”Data gathered about ride-sharing drivers illustrates how they contribute to congestion(塞车), said Prof. Christo Wilson, a computer scientist at Northeastern University who has studied the services.”You can look at the traffic pattern for the Uber vehicles and it perfectly matches the peaks for the rush hour and the peak time of a day,” he said. They are out there in force at the worst possible times.8. What can we know about the cabs in New York?A. More cabs are needed to meet the demand.B. They often tour around the city seeking users.C. Their fares increased greatly over the four years.D. The number of them is far less than ride-sharing cars.9. What is Christo Wilsons attitude toward ride-sharing practice?A. Neutral B. NegativeC. Indifferent D. Supportive10. Which of the following best replaces “it” underlined in Paragraph 5. A. A jam.B. Public transport C. A car.D.A ride-sharing vehicle.11. What is the best title for the text?A. Worse Road Jams.B. App Makes Terrible Jams.C. Efforts Needed for Traffic. D. Technology Counts in Future.D Throughout our daily lives, we have known plenty of people and will know more. But how can we tell if someone is trustworthy? In a paper published recently in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, researcher gave us the answer. The researchers asked 401 adults from the United States to fill out a questionnaire measuring their guilt-proneness(内疚倾向) in different situations as well as several other qualities, and then play a short online game. In this game, Player 1 is given $1, which they can choose to give to Player2. Any money given to Player 2 is then automatically increased to $2.50. Player 2 can then decide whether to keep all of the money or behave in a trustworthy way by returning a portion of the money to Player 1. The researchers found more guilt-prone people were more likely to share the money with Player1. Actually, in follow-up studies, guilt-proneness predicted trustworthiness better than other personality qualities the researchers measured. Why might guilt lead to trustworthy behavior? The researchers found people who were guilt-prone also reported feeling an obligation to act in ethical(合乎道德的) and responsible ways while interacting(互动) with their partners in the game. People who are guilt-prone tend to avoid engaging in behavior that might harm or disappoint others. If they do something bad, guilt encourages them to try to make things right again.Then， how can we use this research to ascertain whether someone is trustworthy? “One way to do this might be observe how they respond to experience regret,” lead author Emma Levine, assistant professor at the University of Chicago Levine, explains. Another way is to ask them to describe a difficult dilemma they faced in the past, suggests co-author Taya Cohen, associate professor at Carnegie Mellon University. This is particularly effective, Cohen and her colleagues have found, because it allows us to see if theyre concerned about the effects their actions have on others.12. What may make others feel that we are reliable according to the text?A. Our good qualities to help them out.B. Our tendency to experience guilt.C. Our kind attitude towards them.D. Our team spirit in the game.13. What may connect guilt with trustworthy behavior?A. A sense of responsibility.B. A feeling of disappointment.C. The way one interacts with others.D. The ability to tell right from wrong.14. What does the underlined word “ascertain” in the last paragraph mean?A. AskB. ExpressC. DescribeD. Determine15. How is the text organized and developed?A. By providing background.B. By making a lot of comparisons. C. By answering the raised questions/.D. By analyzing effects of guilt-proneness.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Stress is a major problem in the modern world. 16 It is common among office workers. Managing it is necessary for people in order to create a work-life balance. So, how can you go about removing stress through the ancient art of gardening? Surround yourself with nature. Trees, birds and scent of the outdoors are great ways to help relax. 17 So, in order to remove stress through gardening, you need to grow lots of plants.Make it comfortable. 18 After all, whats the point of making it beautiful if you cant sit or watch your flowers grow afterwards? A good-quality set of garden furniture is the only way to make sure your garden is as comfortable as possible in order to remove your stress.19 To really appreciate garden space for what it is, you need to leave all of the stresses of modern life behind, which means keeping your phone indoors. Yes, it may be hard at first. But, after a while, it will begin to feel normal and even good. Sometimes not knowing what is happening in the outside world is the only way to enjoy the tranquility(宁静) of your garden.Invite family and friends. Do you want to get the best way to truly remove stress through your gardening efforts? Share it with your family and friends. A good barbecue as we move into the warmer months is the best port of call. 20 After a while, your garden space should become a relaxation and stress-free zone.A. Avoid using technology.B. In particular, it can be a killer if left untreated.C. To attract wildlife, set feeding tables in your garden.D. The peacefulness of nature acts as a natural way to reduce stress.E. Just make sure you dont invite anyone likely to cause an argument.F. It gives you good food, good company and a good chance to remove stress.G. Furniture is necessary for you to make the most of your comfortable garden.第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节， 满分45分）第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。There came a time in my life when my learning curve ( 曲线) became very steep. I learned so much in such a 21 time that I was reading two grades ahead of my 22 class. At school I was continuously 23 with lectures, because I had already done 24 .And 25 my knowledge increased, so did my arrogance(傲慢). I started getting into 26 debates with my teachers. I knew more than them, and I was eager to show it at every 27 I got. That was until Mrs T 28 . She was new to our school, and a perfect 29 for me. I tried one of my tricks on her in front of the whole class. She didnt scold me. She just 30 . At the end of the class, she 31 me aside and said the following words:“I know that there is an unspoken 32 that a teacher is supposed to be more 33 than the student. We both know that is 34 . I know for a fact that you know much more than me. And I wont insult you by pretending otherwise. But remember this. Knowledge is supposed to give you 35 , not pride. Today you are the smartest person in the room; tomorrow you wont be. There will always be someone much 36 , much more diligent than you. And when that happens, all the pride in the world wouldnt be enough to 37 you from downfall. Everything that you have learnt will be for nothing if you dont learn the 38 of humility.Today, I 39 remember her words. I 40 myself of them daily.21. A. free B. shortC. goodD. long22. A. regular B. traditionalC. favouriteD. modern23. A. excited B. content C. angry D. bored24. A. nothing B. everythingC. eitherD. none25. A. before B. unlessC. asD. although26. A. political B. amusing C. heatedD. friendly27. A. opportunity B. permissionC. rightD. problem28. A. came back B. came across C. came aboutD. came along29. A. audience B. targetC. guideD. market30. A. cried B. shouted C. smiledD. worried31. A. set B. pushed C. putD. called32. A. assumption B. attention C. attractionD. appreciation33. A. considerate B. importantC. sensitiveD. knowledgeable34. A. correct B. wrongC. basicD. reasonable35. A. power B. energyC. potentialD. control36. A. warmer B. stronger C. smarterD. nicer37. A. guard B. save C. discourageD. ban38. A. failure B. experienceC. lessonD. behavior39. A. still B. evenC. alsoD. yet40. A. warn B. convince C. approveD. remind第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the worlds 41 (long) cross-sea bridge, enters the history of human engineering and connection as a point of pride upon 42 (it) opening to traffic at 9 am on Oct.24, 2018. One day after the opening was announced at a ceremony 43 (hold) in Zhuhai , the bridges ports in three different administrative regions started serving travelers around-the-clock , opening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. 44 (ensure) faster boundary crossings for passengers, the Macao and Zhuhai ports jointly use a one-off immigration clearance model,45 allows travelers to queue up only once to finish both exit and entry procedures of the two cities in about 30 46 (second). Apart 47 private cars, taxis and goods vehicles, two types of public transportation -shuttle bus（班车）and cross-boundary coach -can also run on the HZMB. 48 frequency of shuttle buses is about 5-10minutes during peak hours. Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance 49 （be）available since 9 am on Tuesday. With the bridge now in service, the traveling time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong International Airport will 50 ( shorten) from four hours to 45 minutes, and the time between Zhuhai and Hong Kongs Container Terminals will be cut from 3. 5 hours to 75 minutes.第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Last week, all of us were told prepare for an exhibition of our understanding of traditional Chinese culture. After