2020高考英语大一轮复习Unit1Greatscientists教案.docx

Unit 1 Great scientists一、课前基础自查(一)分类记单词省时高效.阅读单词(知其意)1.characteristic n特征；特性2.radium n. 镭3.analyse vt. 分析4.physician n. 医生；内科医师5.outbreak n. 爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争)6.victim n. 受害者7.enquiry n. 询问8.neighbourhood n. 附近；邻近9.pump n. 泵；抽水机vt. (用泵)抽(水)10.firework n. 烟火(燃放)11.chart n. 图表12.enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的.重点单词(写其形)1.defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败2.expert adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n. 专家；行家3.attend vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加4.expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光5.cure n. 治愈；痊愈vt. 治愈；治疗6.absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心7.suspect vt. 认为；怀疑n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯8.foresee vt. 预见；预知9.blame vt. 责备；谴责n. 过失；责备10.handle n. 柄；把手vt. 处理；操纵11.link vt.& n. 连接；联系12.positive adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的 .拓展单词(通其变)1.challenge n挑战 vt.向挑战challenging adj.挑战性的2.cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的caution n小心；警告3.pollute vt.污染；弄脏pollution n污染4.instruct vt.命令；指示；教导instruction n传授instructions pl.用法说明；指示；命令5.conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束6.contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n贡献；捐款7.reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection n拒绝；抛弃8.scientific adj.科学的science n科学scientist n科学家9.announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告announcer n播音员；宣告者10.certainty n确信；确实certain adj.确实的；肯定的certainly adv.确定；肯定11.construct vt.建设；修建construction n建设；建筑物12.responsible adj.有责任的；负责的responsibility n责任；负责13.painter n画家；油漆匠paint v绘画；涂painting n油画；水彩画14.universe n宇宙；世界universal adj.普遍的；宇宙的universally adv.普遍地15.movement n移动；运动；动作move v移动；运动语境活用1.It was concluded that he didnt tell us the truth.I also came to the conclusion that he lied.(conclude)2.The writer personally contributed 5,000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his contributions were gratefully received.(contribute)3.Mary announced to her teammates that she was to marry a Chinese boy, whose announcement of their marriage would appear in the local newspaper next week.(announce)4.The great bridge under construction is designed by Chinese engineers and it will take about a year to construct the large bridge.(construct)5.I was bored with my job and felt I needed a new challenge.Last week I got a new job in a big firm, and I found it very challenging.(challenge)6.I want to be a scientist to discover a scientific breakthrough to save peoples lives.(science)7.In the class, our teacher often instructs us to improve our reading ability and his instruction makes a difference in our English learning.(instruct)8.Well be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.(responsible)(二)练中记短语记牢用活写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.put_forward提出2.draw_a_conclusion 得出结论3.expose_.to 使显露；暴露4.link_.to_.将和联系或连接起来5.apart_from 除之外；此外6.make_sense 讲得通；有意义7.(be)_strict_with_. 对严格的8.be_to_blame 应受谴责/责备9.look_into 调查10.lead_to 导致；通向1.The official plan put_forward by China to build the Belt & Road was supported by many countries.2.We must be_strict_with our students while we should give them love and care as well.3.I wrote a letter of complaint, and the manager has promised to look_into the matter.4.We cant draw_a_conclusion without having a wide investigation into this matter.5.Apart_from the English class, I took an active part in all kinds of English activities.(三)仿写明句式以用为本教材原句句式解读句式仿写1.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。neither .nor .“既不也不”，连接两个并列的句子成分。秋天，这儿既不太热又不太冷。In autumn, its neither_too_hot_nor_too_cold_here.2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 所以每次爆发霍乱时，都有成千上万惊恐的人病死。every time“每次”，作连词用，引导时间状语从句。每次我听到这首歌，它就使我想起与祖母在一起的幸福时光。Every_time_I_hear_the_song,_it makes me think of the happy days when I was with Granny.3.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲得通。“only状语(从句)”位于句首时后面的主句需用部分倒装。只有当你找到内心的安宁的时候，你才会与他人保持良好的关系。Only when you can find peace in your heart will_you_keep_good_relationships with others.二、课堂重点深化1conclude vt.& vi.推断出；结束；达成；缔结自主体验单句语法填空He concluded his speech with a famous saying：“Where there is a will, there is a way.”Ive come to the conclusion (conclude) that hes not the right person for the job.In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.系统归纳(1)conclude(从中)推断出conclude sth. 以结束to conclude 最后(2)conclusion n. 结论；结束come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言之重点强化易错对对碰(from/with对比填空)He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it with important points.佳句时时写 (一句多译)我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。I drew_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclusion)I concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(conclude)2attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加vi.专心；留意自主体验单句语法填空As a daughter, I feel it my duty to attend on/upon my sick mother.As far as I know, the patients are well attended (attend) in the hospital.系统归纳attend a meeting/a lecture/a wedding/a class参加会议/听讲座/参加婚礼/听课attend on/upon sb. 伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理；专心于；照顾重点强化易错对对碰(attend to/attend on)I always have so many things to attend_to when I come back to the company after a trip abroad.We must attend_on the people who are in poor health.佳句时时写我是李华，我想邀请你听一位著名教授的讲座。Im Li Hua and Id like to_invite_you_to_attend_a_lecture which is given by a famous professor.3expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使面临自主体验单句语法填空Some people think we shouldnt expose the children to playing (play) computer games.And the more birds are_exposed (expose) to light, the more active they are at night.系统归纳(1)expose .to .暴露；使显露；使接触expose oneself to . 使自己面临；使自己暴露于(2)be exposed to 遭受到；(使)接触到重点强化易错对对碰(用expose的适当形式填空)Being_exposed to the sun too much is bad for your skin.Exposed to so many advertisements, we cant help being persuaded to buy something we dont really need.佳句时时写When children are exposed to difficult situations, they are better at handling challenging situations.(用分词作状语升级句子)Exposed_to_difficult_situations,_children are better at handling challenging situations.名师指津expose .to ., expose oneself to, be exposed to中to均为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。4absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；吞并；理解；掌握自主体验写出下列句中absorb的含义Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.吞并After absorbing enough water, the plants grow well.吸收I keep the lesson simple because the students cant absorb that much.理解系统归纳(1)absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb .into . 把吸收进absorb oneself in . 专心于；全神贯注于(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的(be) absorbed in . 全神贯注于重点强化易错对对碰(用absorb的适当形式填空)The boy sat beside the window, absorbing himself in a novel.The boy sat beside the window, absorbed in a novel.佳句时时写(一句多译)汤姆如此专心于工作以至于他忘记告知我会议的时间。Tom was_so_absorbed_in_his_work that he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(absorbed)So_absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work that he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(用so .that .的倒装句)Absorbed_in_his_work,_Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(分词作状语)5blame vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于n.过失；责备自主体验单句语法填空She blamed the failure of their marriage on her husband.(2017全国卷)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.(2018江苏高考)Some social app companies were to_blame (blame) because they didnt adequately check their users registration.系统归纳(1)blame sb.for sth./doing sth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame sth.on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for) 应(为)承担责任；应(为)受责备(2)put/lay the blame for sth.on . 将某事归咎于take the blame for为负责；为承担责任重点强化佳句时时写(一句多译)诚实地说，李华应该为这次冲突负责。To be honest, Li Hua is_to_blame_for the conflict.(blame v)Honestly speaking, Li Hua should_take_the_blame_for the conflict.(blame n)6contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助自主体验单句语法填空(2017江苏高考)Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.Your contribution (contribute) will certainly make the event a huge success.In conclusion, everyone should make a contribution to protecting (protect) the environment.系统归纳(1)contribute sth.to .把某物捐献给contribute to 有助于；导致；投稿(2)contribution n. 捐款；贡献；稿件make a contribution to 对做出贡献重点强化佳句时时写把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心，并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。Doing small things well contributes_to_building_up_our_confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.僻义牢牢记(2015全国卷)If you want to contribute to our newspaper, please send me your article before the deadline.投稿名师指津contribute sth.to ., contribute to, make a contribution to中的to均为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。1put forward提出(建议)；推荐；将提前；将(钟表等)向前拨自主体验写出下列句中put forward的含义The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.提出I think he is fit for the position；therefore, Ill put him forward as a candidate.推荐They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week.将提前系统归纳put aside节省；储蓄；储存；留出put away 放好；积蓄put off 延期；推迟put up 举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿put through 接通电话；完成；使经受重点强化易错对对碰(put aside/put off)Encourage children to put_aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.It was because of the bad weather that the football match was put_off.佳句时时写(词汇替换)He came up with a good idea to solve the difficult problem at the meeting.He put_forward a good idea to solve the difficult problem at the meeting.2make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通系统归纳(1)make sense of理解；明白make no sense 没道理；没意义(2)in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来说in no sense 决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)(3)there is no/little sense in doing sth.做某事没道理重点强化单句语法填空As far as Im concerned, there is no sense in getting (get) upset about it now.In no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.同义替换See, your computer has broken down again! It isnt reasonable to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.See, your computer has broken down again! It doesnt make_sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.佳句时时写(词汇升级)There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly understand them at all.There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make_sense_of them at all.3neither .nor .“既不也不”教材原句Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.自主体验(2016江苏高考书面表达)Neither should we embrace online voting aimlessly nor can we deny it completely.Not only John and Tom but also their sister, Mary, takes (take) great interest in the piano lessons now.Either you or one of your students is (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.The teacher is not content with the result.The students are not content with the result.(句式升级)Neither_the_teacher_nor_the_students_are content with the result.归纳点拨(1)neither .nor .“既不也不”，连接句中两个并列的句子成分。当连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。(2)遵循“就近一致原则”的其他并列连词：or或者either .or .不是就是；或者或者not only . but (also) . 不但而且not .but . 不是而是佳句背诵(增分要点句)This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.这种现象既不是很好也不是很差；这就是现实中的大学生活，过去是这样，现在依然还是如此。(增分要点句)Not you but the scientist is to attend the ceremony to be held in our school.不是你而是这位科学家将出席我们学校举办的典礼。4every time引导时间状语从句教材原句So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak.自主体验(2016浙江高考)Every_time he arrived home at the end of the day, wed greet him at the door.每次他在一天结束回到家，我们都在门口迎接他。The_first_time he came to the city, he decided to settle there.他第一次来到那个城市，就决定在那里安家。On arriving (arrive) home, he set out to do his housework.归纳点拨用法规则(1)every time是名词词组作连词，相当于whenever，引导时间状语从句，从句谓语常用一般现在时或一般过去时。(2)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有： any time 任何时候next time 下次时the last time 最后一次the序数词time 第次(3)the瞬间名词(moment/minute/instant/second) 一就on/upon doing sth. 一就注意事项此类名词词组可单独引导时间状语从句，因此后面不再用when。引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。佳句背诵(增分要点句)(2017天津高考书面表达)I do hope that you can pay a visit to Tianjin every time you come to China.(增分要点句)(2016浙江高考写作)Tom dashed out the instant the helicopter landed and hugged Jane tightly.本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“科学精神”子话题相对应一、话题语素积累多一点话题词汇记一记子话题(一)科学研究温故浅易词汇studysolvepuzzleobservediscover achieve cause curetheory progress find suppose识记生疏词汇establishment n建立 organize vt.组织inspiration n灵感 honour n荣誉design vt.设计 development n发展undertake vt.承担；负责 invent vt.发明子话题(二)科学家品质与智力温故浅易词汇determinedhardworkingintelligencetalented outstanding gratefulmercy kind supportdevoted courage curious识记生疏词汇creative adj.创造性的potential n潜力generous adj.慷慨大方的 virtue n美德；品行dignity n尊贵；高尚 reliable adj.可信赖的diligent adj.勤奋的 confident adj.自信的thoughtful/considerate adj.考虑周到的常用词块忆一忆make a great contribution to对做出突出贡献become involved in 参与in the field of 在领域get over varieties of difficulties 克服各种各样的困难play a leading role in 起着重要的作用achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想have made rapid progress in 在某方面取得很大的进步devote .to . 把用于receive the Nobel Peace Prize 获得诺贝尔和平奖face the challenge 面对挑战写作佳句背一背It is science and technology that makes our life more convenient.The little girl is so interested in the physical world that she will no doubt be a great scientist.In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.Owing to his great contribution to agriculture, Yuan Longping will always be remembered as “Father of Hybrid Rice”二、“分步写作”表达准一点话题应用文分步写作假定你是李华， 请根据下面表格中的内容提示，为校报的英语园地写一篇英语短文，介绍你最崇拜的一位中国科学家。姓名梁建英出生年份1972年职务中国高铁总设计师主要经历(1)1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作(2)研制出时速300350千米高速动车组(3)2015年获奖注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：高速动车组highspeed EMU第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文属于应用文中的人物介绍，时态以一般过去时和一般现在时为主，人称为第三人称。文章可分两个层次：主体部分应依据题目所给的要点进行构思，介绍梁建英的职务、出生年份、主要经历(1995年大学毕业后开始从事高铁研究工作；研制出时速300350千米高速动车组；2015年获奖)，由于所给要点齐全，只要清清楚楚表达出来即可；最后表达自己的感想。要点1：梁建英是中国高铁总设计师。她出生于1972年。Liang_Jianying_is_general_designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU.She_was_born_in_1972.要点1：梁建英1995年毕业。她一直致力于研究中国高速列车的发展。(devote . to)Liang_Jianying_graduated_in_1995._She_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway.要点1：她研制出时速300350千米高速动车组。She_invented_the_300350km/h_highspeed_EMU.要点1：她在2015年获奖。(award)She_was_awarded_in_2015.要点2：梁建英给我们树立了好榜样。从她身上，我意识到我们应该不断努力直至实现我们的梦想。Liang_Jianying_has_set_a_good_example_to_us.From_her,_I_realize_that_we_should_keep_on_trying_until_we_realize_our_dreams.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼句式丰富多彩，表达高级是高分的基础，因此要对句式进行升级拓展，使表达更充实，内容更丰富。如要点1合并升级为名词短语作同位语；要点 1升级为since引导的时间状语从句；要点1增添她研制出时速300350千米高速动车组的结果“使我们快速出行更加便利”，并使用v.ing 形式作结果状语。升级要点1：梁建英是中国高铁总设计师，出生于1972年。(合并升级为名词短语作同位语)Liang_Jianying,_general_designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU,_was_born_in_1972.升级要点1：自从她1995年毕业，她一直致力于研究中国高速列车的发展。(合并升级为时间状语从句)Since_she_graduated_in_1995,_she_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway.拓展要点1：她研制出时速300350千米高速动车组， 使我们快速出行更加便利。(v.ing形式作结果状语)She_invented_the_300350km/h_highspeed_EMU,_making_it_more_convenient_for_us_to_get_around_quickly.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡本写作可采用“总分”结构来行文，使文章显得紧凑。结合要点，根据上下文之间的逻辑关系，可添加过渡性词汇afterwards， as a consequence使文章衔接紧密，过渡自然。Liang_Jianying,_general_designer_of_the_China_highspeed_EMU,_was_born_in_1972.Since_she_graduated_in_1995,_she_has_been_devoting_all_her_time_to_researching_into_the_development_of_the_China_highspeed_railway._Afterwards,_she_invented_the_300350km/h_highspeed_EMU,_making_it_more_convenient_for_us_to_get_around_quickly._As_a_consequence,_she_was_awarded_in_2015.Liang_Jianying_has_set_a_good_example_to_us.From_her,_I_realize_that_we_should_keep_on_trying_until_we_realize_our_dreams.一、复现单元考点增强备考信心.高考中的语法填空1(2018全国卷)Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging (challenge), or we think its annoying and unnecessary.2(2017天津高考)In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me.3(2016浙江高考)Viewing childhood development as a scientific (science) investigation throws light on how children learn, but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.4(2016浙江高考)To return to the problem of water pollution (pollute), Id like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012.5(2016浙江高考)The relationships you develop now will probably be_linked (link) to the ones you value later, so be wise about the people who you invest yourself in.6(2016北京高考)However, when something did interest me, I could become absorbed (absorb)7(2015重庆高考)Only in this way can we make a great contribution (contribute) to our family and our society.8(2015天津高考)The authors mother told him to borrow a book in order to help cure him of his reading problem.高考中的完形填空(选用attend, cure, announce, contribute填空)1(2018江苏高考完形填空)Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.Their savings had been used up to pay lawyers fees.To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious disease.There was no _38_， only pain relief.cure2(2017全国卷完形填空)After that, feeling the need to explore further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL Clubs meetings.I only learned how to sign the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited.I then made it a point to _55_ those me