(论文)vc++课程设计 聊天程序的分析与设计最新优秀毕业论文资料搜集呕血奉献

大学信电学院课程设计说明书 目录摘要一、聊天程序的分析与设计1二、该程序的关键技术与算法2三、程序的实现33.1 项目创建33.2 界面设计33.3 代码编写5四、程序的演示结果29五、总结与致谢30六、参考文献31摘要在这个信息爆炸的时代，人们的交往越来越依赖于一些即时的聊天程序，比如QQ、MSN等，虽然这些程序形态各异，但本质都是一样的。他们都是由服务器聊天程序和客户端聊天程序组成。服务器端聊天程序接受客户端的信息，并根据客户端的要求把这些信息发送到另外一个客户或多个客户中。客户端则负责建立和维护与服务器端得连接，向服务器发送本客户端的内容，同时从服务器接收对方的响应。客户端可以手动输入IP地址和端口号进行连接。服务端可以手动建立服务器接受其他客户端得连接要求。客户端可以发送消息给服务端，显示服务端传来信息。服务端可以接受客户端发送的信息，并将信息传给所有在线的客户端。 聊天程序的分析与设计系统架构方式如下图： 客户端 信息交互 服务器网卡通信底层 TCP/IPCServerSocket 通信底层 TCP/IPCClientSocket 网卡网线 1. 服务端需要完成的3件事情（1） 在特定的端口上等待来自客户的连接请求，并且需要维护一个客户连接表，以记录所有成功的连接。（2） 及时接受从各个聊天客户发送过来的信息，然后把这些信息转发到一个或多个客户连接。（3） 监控这些连接的状态，在客户主动离开或发生故障时从列表中删除相应的表项，并及时更新连接表。2. 客户端需要完成的3件事情（1） 建立和维护与服务器的连接，并且随时检测连接的状态。（2） 把用户输入的信息及时发送到服务端，同时，随时准备好接受服务端的信息，并把它显示出来。（3） 在用户推出聊天过程时要关闭与服务器的连接。 该程序的关键技术与算法MFC为套接字提供的类有CAsynSocket和CSocket,CAsynSocket提供基于异步通信的套接字封装功能，CSocket继承于CAsyncSocket。是Windows Socket API的高层抽样。它通常要和CSocketFile及CArchive这两个类混合使用。后两个类主要负责的是数据的发送和接收。CSocket提供的通信为同步通信，数据未接收到或是未发送完之前调用不会返回。本章的聊天程序就是通过派生CSocket来完成服务端和客户端功能。程序的实现3.1 项目创建本例将使用Visual C+6.0创建一个基于对话框的MFC AppWizard（exe）项目取名为“Chat”。在MFC向导的第一步界面中选择“Dialog based”单选按钮，在MFC AppWizard向导的第二步界面中选择“Windows Sockets”复选框，其它均采用默认设置。3.2界面设计打开IDD_CHAT_DIALOG对话框，该对话框将是程序运行时的主界面，以下是为对话框添加的控件。如下所示： IDD_CHAT_DIALOG对话框中的主要控件 ID 属性设置 分组框IDC_STATIC标题“” 静态文本IDC_STATIC标题“IP地址” IP地址控件IDC_SERVERIP默认 静态文本IDC_STATIC标题“端口” 编辑框IDC_PORT默认 分组框IDC_STATIC标题“聊天记录” 编辑框IDC_SHOWTEXT样式：多行，只读 静态文本IDC_STATIC标题“昵称”编辑框IDC_NAME默认 命令按钮IDC_CONNECT标题“连接服务器” 命令按钮IDC_SETSERVER标题“建立服务器” 静态文本框IDC_STATIC标题“消息” 编辑框IDC_INPUTTEXT默认 命令按钮IDC_SEND标题 发送”完成控件添加后的对话框如下图所示： 添加完上述控件后，打开Classwizard,为IDD_CHAT_DIALOG指向的CChatRoomDig类按照如下表添加成员变量。 成员变量的添加控件ID 变量名 数据类型 IDC_PORT m_uport UNIT IDC_ SHOWTEXT m_sShowString CString IDC_NAME m_sName CString IDC_INPUTTEXT m_sInputText CString 3.3 代码编写聊天程序一共有6个类，其中CChatApp由AppWiardS实现；CServerSocket和CClientSocket分别负责服务端和客户端的网络通信功能；CChatDig为程序的主控类，主界面、通信方式及程序逻辑均由该类实现，它继承自CDialog类；CMessage是对消息的封装。CAboutDig由AppWizard实现。（1）CClientSocket类 本类通过相应的OnReceive消息来接受数据，相应OnClose消息来断开对话的处理。CClientSocket类实现了以CArchive对数据进行的串行化。事实上大多利用CSocket来传输数据的应用程序都会考虑到串行化的问题，因为这样可以给数据的传送带来方便。 类定义代码如下： #include PackMessg.h/ CClientSocket command targetclass CChatDlg;class CClientSocket : public CSocket/ Attributespublic:CArchive* m_aSessionIn;CArchive* m_aSessionOut;CSocketFile* m_sfSocketFile; CChatDlg * m_dlg;bool m_bInit; /作为套接字是否被初始化的标记bool m_bClose; /作为套接字是否被关闭的标记/ Operationspublic:void Init(CChatDlg * dlg);BOOL SendMessage(CPackMessg * msg);void CloseSocket();public:static int GetLocalHostName(CString &sHostName);/获得本地计算机名称static int GetIpAddress(const CString &sHostName, CString &sIpAddress);/获得本地IPstatic int GetIpAddress(const CString &sHostName, BYTE &f0,BYTE &f1,BYTE &f2,BYTE &f3);/获得本地IPstatic CString ErrorReason(int tag);public:CClientSocket();virtual CClientSocket();在CClientSocket.cpp文件中添加的代码如下：#include stdafx.h#include chatzyj.h#include ClientSocket.h#ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE = _FILE_;#endif/ CClientSocketCClientSocket:CClientSocket()m_aSessionIn=NULL;m_aSessionOut=NULL;m_sfSocketFile=NULL;m_bInit=false;m_bClose=false;CClientSocket:CClientSocket() if(m_aSessionIn)delete m_aSessionIn;if(m_aSessionOut)delete m_aSessionOut;if(m_sfSocketFile)delete m_sfSocketFile;/ Do not edit the following lines, which are needed by ClassWizard.#if 0BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CClientSocket, CSocket)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CClientSocket)/AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()#endif/ 0/ CClientSocket member functionsvoid CClientSocket:OnReceive(int nErrorCode) / TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base classCSocket:OnReceive(nErrorCode);doCPackMessg temp;temp.Serialize(*m_aSessionIn);m_dlg-m_sMsgList+=temp.m_strText+rn;m_dlg-SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,m_dlg-m_sMsgList);int linenum=(CEdit *)(m_dlg-GetDlgItem(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE)-GetLineCount();(CEdit *)(m_dlg-GetDlgItem(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE)-LineScroll(linenum);if(!m_dlg-m_bClient)for(POSITION pos=m_dlg-m_connectionList.GetHeadPosition();pos!=NULL;)CClientSocket*t=(CClientSocket*)m_dlg-m_connectionList.GetNext(pos);if(t-m_hSocket!=this-m_hSocket)t-SendMessage(&temp);while (!m_aSessionIn-IsBufferEmpty();void CClientSocket:OnClose(int nErrorCode) / TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base classCSocket:OnClose(nErrorCode);m_bClose=true;CloseSocket();m_dlg-CloseSessionSocket();CSocket:OnClose(nErrorCode);void CClientSocket:Init(CChatDlg * dlg)m_sfSocketFile= new CSocketFile(this);m_aSessionIn=new CArchive(m_sfSocketFile,CArchive:load);m_aSessionOut=new CArchive(m_sfSocketFile,CArchive:store);m_bClose=false;this-m_dlg=dlg;BOOL CClientSocket:SendMessage(CPackMessg * msg)if (m_aSessionOut != NULL)msg-Serialize(*m_aSessionOut);m_aSessionOut-Flush();return TRUE;else/对方关闭了连接m_bClose=true;CloseSocket();m_dlg-CloseSessionSocket();return FALSE;void CClientSocket:CloseSocket()if(m_aSessionIn)delete m_aSessionIn;m_aSessionIn=NULL;if(m_aSessionOut)delete m_aSessionOut;m_aSessionOut=NULL;if(m_sfSocketFile)delete m_aSessionOut;m_sfSocketFile=NULL;Close();m_bInit=false;m_bClose=true;int CClientSocket:GetLocalHostName(CString &sHostName)/获得本地计算机名称char szHostName256;int nRetCode;nRetCode=gethostname(szHostName,sizeof(szHostName);if(nRetCode!=0)/产生错误sHostName=_T(没有取得);return GetLastError();sHostName=szHostName;return 0;int CClientSocket:GetIpAddress(const CString &sHostName, CString &sIpAddress)/获得本地IPstruct hostent FAR * lpHostEnt=gethostbyname(sHostName);if(lpHostEnt=NULL)/产生错误sIpAddress=_T();return GetLastError();/获取IPLPSTR lpAddr=lpHostEnt-h_addr_list0;if(lpAddr)struct in_addr inAddr;memmove(&inAddr,lpAddr,4);/转换为标准格式sIpAddress=inet_ntoa(inAddr);if(sIpAddress.IsEmpty()sIpAddress=_T(没有取得);return 0;int CClientSocket:GetIpAddress(const CString &sHostName, BYTE &f0,BYTE &f1,BYTE &f2,BYTE &f3)/获得本地IPstruct hostent FAR * lpHostEnt=gethostbyname(sHostName);if(lpHostEnt=NULL)/产生错误f0=f1=f2=f3=0;return GetLastError();/获取IPLPSTR lpAddr=lpHostEnt-h_addr_list0;if(lpAddr)struct in_addr inAddr;memmove(&inAddr,lpAddr,4);f0=inAddr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b1;f1=inAddr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b2;f2=inAddr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b3;f3=inAddr.S_un.S_un_b.s_b4;return 0;CString CClientSocket:ErrorReason(int tag)CString result;switch(tag)case WSANOTINITIALISED:result=A successful AfxSocketInit must occur before using this API.;break;case WSAENETDOWN:result=the network subsystem failed;break;case WSAEADDRINUSE:result=The specified address is already in use;break;case WSAEINPROGRESS:result=A blocking Windows Sockets call is in progress;break;case WSAEADDRNOTAVAIL:result=The specified address is not available from the local machine;break;case WSAEAFNOSUPPORT:result=Addresses in the specified family cannot be used with this socket;break;case WSAECONNREFUSED:result=The attempt to connect was rejected;break;case WSAEDESTADDRREQ:result=A destination address is required;break;case WSAEFAULT:result=The nSockAddrLen argument is incorrect;break;case WSAEINVAL:result=Invalid host address;break;case WSAEISCONN:result=The socket is already connected.;break;case WSAEMFILE:result=No more file descriptors are available;break;case WSAENETUNREACH:result=The network cannot be reached from this host at this time;break;case WSAENOBUFS:result=No buffer space is available. The socket cannot be connected;break;case WSAENOTSOCK:result=The descriptor is not a socket;break;case WSAETIMEDOUT:result=Attempt to connect timed out without establishing a connection;break;case WSAEWOULDBLOCK:result=The socket is marked as nonblocking and the connection cannot be completed immediately.;break;default:result=unknown error;return result;（2） CServerSocket类CServerSocket类的的主要功能是实现OnAccept()消息，负责监听服务器，是一个服务Socket。其文件的代码如下：/ ServerSocket.cpp : implementation file/#include stdafx.h#include chat.h#include ServerSocket.h#include chatDlg.h#ifdef _DEBUG#define new DEBUG_NEW#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE = _FILE_;#endif/ CServerSocket/ Do not edit the following lines, which are needed by ClassWizard.#if 0BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CServerSocket, CSocket)/AFX_MSG_MAP(CServerSocket)/AFX_MSG_MAPEND_MESSAGE_MAP()#endif/ 0/ CServerSocket member functionsBOOL CServerSocket:Init(UINT port, CChatDlg* dlg)m_uPort=port;m_dlg=dlg;if(Create(m_uPort)=FALSE)AfxMessageBox(服务器套接字创建失败!);return FALSE;if(this-Listen()=FALSE)AfxMessageBox(服务器监听错误!);return FALSE;m_dlg-SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,服务器创建成功!);return TRUE;/有连接接入的时候触发该事件void CServerSocket:OnAccept(int nErrorCode) / TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base classm_dlg-ProcessPendingAccept();CSocket:OnAccept(nErrorCode); （3） CMessage类 CPackMessg类主要作用是实现信息的串行化，方便信息德传输。其代码如下：CPackMessg.h文件的代码如下：/ PackMessg.h: interface for the CPackMessg class./#if !defined(AFX_PACKMESSG_H_DF511BFD_1563_412D_85B5_EF323A3074EF_INCLUDED_)#define AFX_PACKMESSG_H_DF511BFD_1563_412D_85B5_EF323A3074EF_INCLUDED_#if _MSC_VER 1000#pragma once#endif / _MSC_VER 1000class CPackMessg :public CObjectpublic:CString m_strText;public:CPackMessg();virtual CPackMessg();/初始化成员变量的函数void Init();/重载串行化的函数,实现将消息串行化virtual void Serialize(CArchive& ar); ;#endifCPackMessg.cpp代码实现如下：/ PackMessg.cpp: implementation of the CPackMessg class./#include stdafx.h#include chat.h#include PackMessg.h#ifdef _DEBUG#undef THIS_FILEstatic char THIS_FILE=_FILE_;#define new DEBUG_NEW#endif/ Construction/Destruction/CPackMessg:CPackMessg()Init();void CPackMessg:Init()m_strText = _T();/ CMsg serializationvoid CPackMessg:Serialize(CArchive& ar)if (ar.IsStoring()ar m_strText;（4） CChatDig类以上三个自己添加类的具体代码实现，整个工程是由CChatDlg这个类来负责调度的，在基于对话框的MFC的程序中，*Dlg类是主要的实现类，它负责实现界面消息的添加和响应，组织整个工程的运行。程序运行开始，进行对话框的初始化是在OnInitDialog（）函数中实现，本程序设计成开始的时候自动获得本地机器IP地址并显示在IP Address Control控件中，也是在这个函数中添加如下代码：BOOL CChatDlg:OnInitDialog()CDialog:OnInitDialog();/ Add About. menu item to system menu./ IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) = IDM_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu-AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);/ Set the icon for this dialog. The framework does this automatically/ when the applications main window is not a dialogSetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);/ Set big iconSetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);/ Set small icon/ TODO: Add extra initialization here/自行添加的程序代码,目的是在初始化对话框的时候就自动显示出本地的ip地址if(AfxSocketInit(NULL)=0)AfxMessageBox(CSocket 初始化失败!);BYTE f0,f1,f2,f3;CString name;CClientSocket:GetLocalHostName(name);CClientSocket:GetIpAddress(name,f0,f1,f2,f3);(CIPAddressCtrl *)(GetDlgItem(IDC_IPADDRESS)-SetAddress(f0,f1,f2,f3);m_bInit=false;m_bClient=false;return TRUE; / return TRUE unless you set the focus to a controlvoid CChatDlg:OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)if (nID & 0xFFF0) = IDM_ABOUTBOX)CAboutDlg dlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();elseCDialog:OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);/ If you add a minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below/ to draw the icon. For MFC applications using the document/view model,/ this is automatically done for you by the framework.void CChatDlg:OnPaint() if (IsIconic()CPaintDC dc(this); / device context for paintingSendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, (WPARAM) dc.GetSafeHdc(), 0);/ Center icon in client rectangleint cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRect rect;GetClientRect(&rect);int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;/ Draw the icondc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);else:OnPaint();/ The system calls this to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags/ the minimized window.HCURSOR CChatDlg:OnQueryDragIcon()return (HCURSOR) m_hIcon;/连接服务器的消息相应函数void CChatDlg:OnConnect() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(!m_bInit)BYTE f0,f1,f2,f3;CString name;(CIPAddressCtrl *)(GetDlgItem(IDC_IPADDRESS)-GetAddress(f0,f1,f2,f3);CString ip;ip.Format(%d.%d.%d.%d,f0,f1,f2,f3);m_bClient=true;m_clientsocket.Create();if(m_clientsocket.Connect(ip,GetDlgItemInt(IDC_PORT)m_clientsocket.Init(this);SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,客户端连接成功!);m_bInit=true;elsem_clientsocket.Close();AfxMessageBox(客户端连接失败!);m_bInit=false;/建立服务器的消息相应函数void CChatDlg:OnSetserver() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(!m_bInit)m_bClient=false;m_bInit=true;if(m_pListenSocket.Init(GetDlgItemInt(IDC_PORT),this)=FALSE)m_bInit=false;return;/发送消息的按钮的消息相应函数void CChatDlg:OnSend() / TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereif(!m_bInit)AfxMessageBox(没有和服务器建立连接!);return;CString in;CPackMessg msg;GetDlgItemText(IDC_MESSAGE,in);GetDlgItemText(IDC_NAME,m_strName);if(in.GetLength()2) m_sMsgList+=m_strName+说:;m_sMsgList+=in+rn;SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,m_sMsgList);int m_iLineCurrentPos=(CEdit *)(GetDlgItem(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE)-GetLineCount();(CEdit *)(GetDlgItem(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE)-LineScroll(m_iLineCurrentPos);msg.m_strText=m_strName+说:+in;if(!m_bClient)POSITION pos;for(pos=m_connectionList.GetHeadPosition();pos!=NULL;)CClientSocket * t= (CClientSocket *)m_connectionList.GetNext(pos);t-SendMessage(&msg);elsem_clientsocket.SendMessage(&msg);void CChatDlg:ProcessPendingAccept()CClientSocket* pSocket = new CClientSocket();if (m_pListenSocket.Accept(*pSocket)CPackMessg msg;msg.m_strText=一个游客进入聊天室了;m_strShowMessage+=一个游客进入聊天室了n;SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,一个游客进入聊天室了n);POSITION pos;for(pos=m_connectionList.GetHeadPosition();pos!=NULL;)CClientSocket * t= (CClientSocket *)m_connectionList.GetNext(pos);t-SendMessage(&msg);pSocket-Init(this);m_connectionList.AddTail(pSocket);elsedelete pSocket;void CChatDlg:ClearContent()if(m_bClient)m_clientsocket.Close();elsem_pListenSocket.Close();m_connectionList.RemoveAll();m_bInit=false;m_sMsgList=;SetDlgItemText(IDC_MESSAGE,);SetDlgItemText(IDC_SHOWMESSAGE,);void CChatDlg:OnClearconnection() ClearContent();void CChatDlg:CloseSessionSocket()if(!m_bClient)for(POSITION pos=m_connectionList.GetHeadPosition();pos!=NULL;)POSITION t_pos=pos;CClientSocket * t = (CClientSocket*)m_connectionList.GetNext(pos);if(t-m_bClose=true)m_connectionList.RemoveAt(t_pos);ChatDlg.h文件的代码：#pragma once#endif / _MSC_VER 1000#include ServerSocket.h#include ClientSocket.h/ CChatDlg dialogclass CChatDlg : public CDialog/ Constructionpublic:CChatDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);/ standard constructor/ Dialog Data/AFX_DATA(CChatDlg)e