翻译题型的三大考点1.ppt

翻译题型有三大考点： 1. 固定搭配考点： 这是翻译中的最为核心的考点。比如说名词与动词搭配，形容词与名词搭配，动词与副词的修饰关系，名词与介词搭配，更为重要的是常见的固定词组以及固定表达，这些都可能成为本次考试的命题重点。 例：By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent.(大纲样题)。,2. 核心语法考点： 这部分语法考点大多数是以前词汇语法考题考点的重现和转移。核心语法考点最重要的虚拟语气，其次是倒装结构、从句知识、倒装结构、非谓语动词等。 例1：The professor required that _ (我们交研究报告) by Wednesday .(真题) 例2：Not only _ (他向我收费过高), but he didnt do a good repair job either. (大纲样题),虚拟语气 第一种：由 “ if ”引导的虚拟句子 (1). 与现在的事实相反：If - + were/did-, - + would do- If I were you , I would marry him. (2). 与过去的事实相反：If - + had done-, - +would have done- If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam. (3). 与将来的事实可能相反：If -+ should do-, -+ would do- If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?,第二种：用在表示要求、建议、命令等的名词从句中 从句谓语形式为：“-(should ) + do sth 类似用法的动词有： insist (坚持) , suggest (建议) , order(命令) , propose (建议) , demand (要求) , command (命令) , advise (建议) , desire (要求、请求) , request (请求) , require (需要、要求) , ask (要求) , prefer (宁愿), recommend(推荐) , arrange ( 安排) , advocate ( 拥护、提倡) ,maintain(坚决主张)等后面的宾语从句中。,第三种： 用在“It + be + important (,necessary , natural , essential , strange , absurd , amazing , annoying , desirable, surprising , vital , advisable , anxious , compulsory , crucial , imperative , eager , fitting , possible , impossible , improper , obligatory , probable , preferable , strange , urgent 等) + that -”结构中,第四种： 用在It is time that - 结构中, 表示“该干某事了”, 含建议的意思, 用动词过去式。 e.g. It is time (that) we went to bed . 注意: time 前可加about (表示“大约”) 或high(表示“强调”) 等。,倒装句 so/such.that用于句首时，后面要倒装 So little did he know about the subject that he had to stay up preparing for the exam. as, though, no matter how （what）, however引导让步状语时，从句需倒装 Young as he is, he has accomplished a lot. However cold it is, he will go swimming in the lake. 用于so, neither, nor后面 He didnt go to the concert, neither did his family.,表示否定意义的词如no, hardly, never, scarcely, seldom, barely, rarely, no longer, not until, no sooner.than，hardly.when, not only.but also, not, little, at no time, by no means（决不）, on no account（决不）, in no case, in no way, under/in no circumstances等放在句首时后面主谓要倒装。 On no account are visitors allowed to feed the animals in the zoo. Hardly had I arrived when a quarrel broke out. Only + adverb（副词）, prepositional phrase（介词短语）, adverbial clause（状语从句）置于句首时，后面的主谓需要倒装。 Only in this way can we hope to solve the problem of environmental pollution.,3. 核心动词以及动词短语的考查: 例：Though a skilled worker, _ _(他被公司解雇了).（真题）,四级翻译解题方法： 第一步：首先快速浏览句子，先看英语，从而判断划线处所填句子的形式、时态。 第二步：看括号里面的汉语，以核心谓语动词为切入点，找准主谓宾、分清定状补。 第三步：先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补。动词注意时态，名词注意单复数。 第四步：检查，润色,2006年6月 四级翻译题 87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble _ _(找到去历史博物馆的路). 88. _(为了挣钱供我上学)， Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. 89. The professor required that _(我们交研究报告)。 90. The more you explain, _(我愈糊涂). 91. Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了).,参考答案： 87.finding the way to the history museum 88. In order to support my studies (to finance my education) 89. we hand in our research report(s) 90. the more confused I am 91. he was fired by the company,2006年12月 四级翻译题 1.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to _(适应不同文化中的生活). 2.Since my childhood I have found that_ _ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力). 3.The victim _(本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 4.Some psychologists claim that people _ _(出门在外时可能会感到孤独). 5.The nations population continues to rise _ _(以每年1200万人的速度).,答案 1. adapt oneself to the life/living in different cultures 2. nothing is more attractive to me than reading 3. would have a chance to survive/of survival 4. may feel lonely when they are away from home 5. at a speed of 12 million per year,2007年6月 四级翻译题 87. The finding of this study failed to _ _ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内). 88. The prevent and treatment of AIDS is _ _ (我们可以合作的领域). 89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete_ _ (决定退出比赛). 90. To make donations or for more information, please_ _ (按以下地址和我们联系). 91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning_ _ (如果你方便的话).,参考答案 87. take peoples sleep quality into account 88. the field where we can cooperate / the field in which we can cooperate 89. decided to quit the match 90. contact us at the following address 91. if it is convenient for you / at your convenience,2007年12月 四级翻译题 87. _ (多亏了一系列的新发明), doctors can treat this disease successfully. 88. In my sixties, one change I notice is that _ (我比以前更容易累了). 89. I am going to pursue this course, _ (无论我要作出什么样的牺牲). 90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because _ (它更加方便和省时). 91. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _ _ (是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn,参考答案 87. Owing to (thanks to) a series of new inventions 88.I am apt to / inclined to be more easily tired than before 89. no matter what kind of sacrifice I have to make 90. the latter is more convenient and time-saving 91.is weighed upon how much they can borrow,练习 1I have had great deal of trouble_.(跟得上班上的其他同学) 2_(我们没有人料到主席会出现) at the party. We thought he was still in hospital. 3. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,_(正如预料的那样). 4. Most doctors recognize that medicine is as much_(是一门科学，也是一门艺术). 5. Some women _(本来能够挣一份很好的工资) in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sale of the family.,答案: 1.keeping up with the rest of the class. 2. none of us expected the chairman to turn up 3. as was to be expected 4. an art as it is a science 5. could have made a good salary.,练习 6Over a third of the population was estimated_(无法获得) to the health service. 7. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used_(习惯了学生迟到) his lecture. 8. The price of beer_(从50美分到4美元不等) per liter during the summer season. 9.Wed like _(预订一张餐桌) five for dinner this evening. 10. Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means_(想找麻烦).,答案 6. to have no access 7. to students being late for 8. ranges/varies from 50 cents to $4 9. to reserve a table for 10. to make trouble,练习 11.The students _ （有权进入） the library only in the afternoon. 12. （我们都很同情） _the husband who was bereaved of his beloved wife. 13. （如果我有钱了） _, I would like to cruise in the Southern Pacific for six months in a private yacht. 14.The soldiers_ （非常疲累由于没有休息一直向前走） in a blizzard. 15.No one likes _ （被当作） a poltroon.,答案 11.have access to 12. We all sympathized with 13. If I were rich 14.are very exhausted for they have advanced forward without rest. 15.to be regarded as,练习 16: The truck driver is _(对这起交通事故负全责). 17:In the court, the defendant _(声称自己是清白的). 18:Unemployed, John _(几乎无法维持生计). 19:_(中国政府声明任何情况下都不首先) use nuclear weapons. 20:_(要想他人尊重你),you should learn to respect them first.,答案： 16: responsible for the traffic accident. 17: claims himself innocent 18: nearly couldnt live on himself 19: Chinese Government declares that under no circumstance will China 20: If you want to be respected by others,练习 21.there is no rush now - _ (比赛已经取消了). 22. Im not supposed to let anyone in without a card, _ (但对你我就破一次例). 23. _ (我们得把休假日推迟) until youre better. 24. Dont bother carrying all those things, _ (我本不想给你添许多麻烦). 25. _ (我不大想去参加那个聚会), but Id better put in an appearance.,答案： 21. the match has been cancelled 22. but Ill make an exception in your case 23. well have to put off (going on) vacation 24. I didnt mean to give/bring you a lot of trouble 25. I dont really want to go to the party,练习： 26.Animal experiments will continue to be necessary to resolve existing medical problems _( 尽管一些人公开反对 ). 27.Professor Clark was a bit strict with us, _( 但我们确实从他那里学到了