高一英语必修2课件3-3.ppt

.词汇过关 1_vt. 下载_vt. 上传 2_n. 病毒 3programmer n_ 4network n. _ 5explore v. _ 6reality n_ 答案：1.download; upload 2.virus 3.程序员 4.网络 5探索 6.现实；事实,.短语自查 1实际上_ 2实现_ 3上大学_ 4make sure_ 5connect.with_ 6make good use of_ 7develop a special interest in._ 8give.away_,答案：1.in reality 2.come true 3.go to university 4.确保 5.把连到上 6.充分利用 7.对产生浓厚的兴趣 8.赠送；捐赠,.语法练习 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1Mary_(not tell)about the matter yet. 2Since the work_(do), lets take a rest. 3Great changes_(take place)in my hometown since 2000. 4The tickets_(already sell)out. You wont get one if you want. 5_the program_(develop)yet? If not, youd better get it ready as soon as possible.,答案：1.has not been told 2.has been done 3.have taken place(take place为不及物动词短语，无被动语态) 4.have already been sold 5.Has; been developed,.单词突破 intelligent (adj.) 1)有才智的；悟性强的；聪明的 Someone as intelligent as you should go far. 像你这样聪明的人一定很有作为。 2)(动物、生物等)有智力的，有理解和学习能力的 Maybe the earth has been visited by intelligent creatures from outer space. 也许太空的智慧生物已经访问过地球。 3)(计算机、程序等)智能的 KV2008 is an intelligent software. KV2008是一款智能软件。,词语辨析 intelligent, smart，bright, clever, wise 这些形容词均含有“聪明的”之意。 1)intelligent 正式用词，指在理解新的、抽象东西或处理、解决问题时，智力超过一般人。 He is an intelligent boy, but he is very unsure of himself. 他是个聪明的孩子，却对自己很没有信心。 2)smart 普通用词，与bright和clever的意思很相近，但更强调机灵。 He is smart and can take care of himself. 他很精明可以照顾他自己。,3)bright 口语常用词，多指年轻人，尤指小孩思路敏捷、理解力强、机灵等。 He is full of bright ideas. 他足智多谋。 4)clever 强调头脑灵活，接受新事物快，反应迅速，适应性强，有智有谋，但不一定暗示全面妥当地考虑问题。 She knew him to be industrious and clever. 她知道他既勤奋又聪明。,5)wise 侧重不是一般的聪明伶俐，而是有远见、有智慧，能明智地处理问题。 You are wise not to join the club. 你不加入俱乐部是明智的。,牛刀小试 (1)Man can be incredibly_at the point of danger. Asmart Bwise Cbright Dintelligent 答案：D 题意：人类在危险时就会异常机智。,(2)It was not very_of you to sell the property. Asmart Bwise Cbright Dintelligent 答案：D 题意：你把物业卖了可不是办法。,.短语精讲 give away a)give sth. away 1)赠送；捐赠 He gave away most of his money to floodstricken area. 他把他的大部分钱都捐赠到了灾区。 2)颁发；分发 The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day. 市长在学校运动会那天颁发了奖项。,3)失去；丧失；错失(优势) Theyve given away two goals already. 他们已白送给对手两分了。 b)give sth./sb. away 泄露；暴露 She gave away states secrets to the enemy. 她把国家机密泄露给了敌人。 His voice gave him away. 他的声音使他露馅了。,知识拓展 1)give in(to)(向)屈服；让步 2)give up 放弃；投降；认输 3)give off 发出(气体、光、热等) 4)give out 分发；耗尽；广播,牛刀小试 (1)(2008江西，29)If a person has not had enough sleep, his accent will give him_during the day. Aaway Bup Cin Dback 答案：A 考查give的短语。题意：如果一个人没有休息好，那么白天他的说话腔调就会让他露出马脚。由句意知，选A。,(2)(2009安徽，33)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all_. Agiven away Bkept away Ctaken up Dused up 答案：C 考查了动词短语的辨析。题意为“我尽力想找一张供七个人用的桌子，但他们全部被占了”。take up意为“占去，占用”；give away意为“赠送；泄露”；keep away意为“(使)远离”；use up意为“用完，用光”。,.语法专区 现在完成时的被动语态 1现在完成时的被动语态的构成： 1)现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式：由“have/hasbeen及物动词的过去分词”构成。 Two windows have been broken. 两个窗子被打破了。 Her motorbike has been stolen. 她的摩托车被盗了。,2)现在完成时的被动语态的否定式： 由“have/has notbeen 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 The car has not been repaired. 这辆汽车还没有修好。 All the offices have not been linked by computer. 并不是所有的售票处都由计算机联网工作。,3)现在完成时的被动语态的一般疑问式：由“Have/Has主语been及物动词的过去分词”构成。 Has it been built in the middle of the park? 它被建在公园中心了吗？ Have they been sent abroad to study English? 他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗？,4)现在完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问式：由“疑问词have/has主语been及物动词的过去分词”构成。 Who has been helped by the new computer? 谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？ Where has the car been repaired? 这辆小汽车已经在哪里修理好了？,2现在完成时的被动语态的主要用法： 1)表示被动的动作发生在说话之前(即现在的过去)，强调对现在造成的影响或结果。 The door has been locked. 门被锁上了。(结果是现在没有人能进去) 2)表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long.？句型中。 They have been told about it for many times. 有人告诉他们这事很多次了。(可能还会有人告诉他们),3使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题： 1)注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。 The house was built last year. 这房子是去年建造的。 The house has been built. 这房子已经建好了。,2)由finish, buy, start, begin, post, return, borrow, join, marry, open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如：for four days，how long等连用，而要改换动词或时态。但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。 No books have been bought since last week. 自上周以来，没有人来买过书。 3)短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。 The orphan has been well looked after. 这位孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。,牛刀小试 (1)(2010福建，28)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they _before leaving their hometowns. Apromised Bwere promised Chave promised Dhave been promised 答案：D 考查时态与语态。由every year这一时间状语确定了需用现在时态，排除A、B两项；jobs后紧跟了定语从句，they指代前文中的farmers，与promise构成逻辑关系，由此可知D项正确。,(2)(2009全国，26)His sister left home in 1998, and_since. Ahad not been heard of Bhas not been heard of Chad not heard of Dhas not heard of 答案：B 题意为“他的妹妹在1998年离开家，自从那时就没有音讯了。”句末since作副词，这时主句用现在完成时。,(3)(2009福建，22)Why does the Lake smell terrible? Because large quantities of water_. Ahave polluted Bis being polluted Chas been polluted Dhave been polluted 答案：D 考查动词时态、语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。主语是large quantities of water，其中心词是quantities，是复数，谓语动词用复数，选D。,(4)(2008上海，32)In recent years many football clubs_as business to make a profit. Ahave run Bhave been run Chad been run Dwill run 答案：B 题意：近年来，许多足球俱乐部已经被当作公司来经营，赚取利润。现在完成时可以与lately, recently, in recent years等时间状语连用，表示一段尚未完全过去的时间。例如：In recent years, there have been some changes. 近年来发生了一些变化。此外，run a football club 表示“经营一家足球俱乐部”。,(5)(2008安徽，33)I like these English songs and they_many times on the radio. Ataught Bhave taught Care taught Dhave been taught 答案：D 考查时态和语态。由句意可知应用被动语态，排除A、B；由many times判断应用完成时态，因此D正确。,(6)(2008陕西，17)Though we dont know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic_. Ahad changed Bwill change Cwas changed Dhas been changed 答案：D 本题考查了时态的用法。题意为“尽管我们不知道讨论了什么，但我们可以感觉到改变了话题。”后半句强调对现在造成的影响故用现在完成时。,(7)(2007北京，32) I got caught in the rain and my suit_. Ahas ruined Bhad ruined Chas been ruined Dhad been ruined 答案：C 题意：我淋雨了，衣服已淋得不成样子了。名词my suit与动作ruin之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，采用被动语态；此外，“衣服被淋得不成样子”，表示说话时刻的一种“现状”，采用现在时态，所以本句采用现在完成时的被动语态。,(8)(2007上海，30) With the help of high technology, more and more new substances_in the past years. Adiscovered Bhave discovered Chad been discovered Dhave been discovered 答案：D 题意：借助高科技，