学习with复合宾语结构和独立主格结构.ppt

with + 复合宾语结构常见类型及其用法,独立主格结构常见类型及其用法,（一）： 独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词； 名词(代词)+形容词； 名词(代词)+副词； 名词(代词) +介词短语构成。,（二） 独立主格结构的特点： 1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不 同，它独立存在。 2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。 3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。,1、逻辑主语+V-ing 这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者，分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作，而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。如： 1._no bus, we had to walk home. A.There being B.Being C.Having been D.There was 2._no bus, we had to walk home. A.As there being B.As there was C.Being D.There was 3._Sunday, the library doesnt open. A.Being B.There being C.It being D.Having been 4._Sunday, the library doesnt open. A.As it being B.Being C.It is D.As it is,2、逻辑主语+V-ed 该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。如： 1._, the train started. A.The signal given B.Giving the signal B.The signal being given D.The signal giving 2._, the train started. A.After having given the signal B.After the signal given C.Giving the signal D.After the signal was given 3._, the text became easier for us to learn. A.Explaining new words B.New words explained C.Being explained new words D.Having explained new words 4._, the text became easier for us to learn. A. When new words were explained B.Explaining new words C.New words explaining D.Being explained new words,3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词） 该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主系表”结构。如： 1._, the patient can leave the hospital. A.Better conditions B.Conditions better C.Conditions are better D.Being better conditions 2._, the patient can leave the hospital. A.If better conditions B.If conditions better C.If conditions are better D.Being better conditions 3._, wed like to go outing. A.Being Sunday B.Sunday OK C.Sunday is OK D.If Sunday OK 4._, wed like to go outing. A.If Sunday is OK B.Sunday being OK C.Sunday OK D.A,B and C,4、逻辑主语+介词短语 该结构相当于不带动词的“主系介词短语”结构。如： 1.The boy followed the nobleman here, _. A. a sword in hand B. a sword in his hand C. being a sword in hand D. sword in hand 2.The boy followed the nobleman here _. with a sword in his hand B. with a sword in hand C.with a sword being in hand D. a sword being in hand 3.He left the office, _. A.tears being in eyes B.tears in eyes C.being tears in eyes D.with tears being in eyes 4.He left the office _. A.with tears being in eyes B.with tears in her eyes C.being tears in eyes D.tears being in eyes,二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分： 1、原因状语 该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句。如： 1._ no bus, we had to walk home. A.There being B.As there was C.There was D.A and B 2._Sunday, the library doesnt open. A.It being B.As it is C.Being D.A and B 3._, I had to ask for two days leave. A.Mother being ill B.Mother ill C.As mother was ill D. A,B and C 4._, we have to work late into the night. A.The exam near B.The exam being near C.As the exam is near D. A,B and C,2、时间状语 独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语从句。如： 1._, the train started. A.The signal given B.After the signal was given C.Given the signal D.A and B 2._, the text became easier for us to learn. A. New words explained B.When new words were explained C.When teacher explained new words D.all above,3、条件状语 独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。如： 1._, well go to visit the Great Wall. A.Weather permitting B.If weather permits C.If permitting D.A and B 2._, the patient will recover himself soon. A.If the treatment is in time B.The treatment in time C.The treatment being in time D.A,B and C,4、伴随状语 独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如： 1.We have lessons every day, _. A.Sunday included B.Sunday including C.Sunday is including D.all the above 2.The boy fell asleep,_. A.cap on head B.with a cap on head C.a cap on was on head D. all the above 3.Father came home,_ A.a dog following him B.a dog followed him C.being followed by a dog D.all the above,with + 复合宾语结构常见类型及其用法 “with + 复合宾语”结构是指“with +宾语（名词或代词）+ 非谓语动词（分词、不定式）、介词短语、形容词或副词等”所构成的一种介词短语。该结构内部若是动词，则其非谓语形式的选用要注意三点：若内部动词表示将来（无论主动还是被动），则用不定式；若内部动词表示被动且属过去，则用过去分词；若内部动词表示持续主动动作，则用现在分词。该结构在句子中可以作以下几种成分：,1、原因状语 1.With the man _ us ahead, we had no trouble finding the village. A.to guide B.guiding C.guided D.to have guide 2.With a lot of work_, she doesnt have time to rest. A.to do B.to be done C.doing D.done 3.With the machine _all the time, we finished harvesting crops in time. A.to work B.worked C.working D.being working,2、时间状语 1.The street looks more beautiful with all the lights _.A.are on B.on C.to be on D.been on 2.With our problem _, we all felt happy. A.to settle B.to be settled C.settled D.being settled 3.With his work_, the secretary began to walk home. A.to do B.doing C.done D.to be done,3、伴随状语 1.She left the offices with tears _. A.in her eyes B.in eyes B.being in eyes D.to be in eyes 2.The man found the door with both his eyes _. A.to be closed B.being closed C.closed D.closing 3.We felt uncomfortable with two waitresses_. standing by B.to be standing by C.stood by D.being standing by 4.The murderer was brought in, with his hands_. A.to be tied behind B. tied behind C.tying behind D.being tied behind 5.You cant see well _. A. with the glasses on B.b